effective oral presentationsspeaking 1 presentations typically made to a small group of decision...

Effective Oral Presentations Speaking 1

PresentationsPresentations

• Typically made to a small group of decision makers– Briefings or status reports– Budget or project proposals– Selling to groups of clients or

customers

• Versus - A public speech


AA FourFour-Step Process-Step Process

Flow of the Message

Plan

Step 1

Plan

Step 1

Construct

Step 2

Construct

Step 2

Deliver

Step 3

Deliver

Step 3

Substance of the Message

Evaluate

Step 4

Evaluate

Step 4


Step 1:Step 1:Planning the PresentationPlanning the Presentation

Determine thePurpose

Determine thePurpose

Analyze theAudience

Analyze theAudience

Gather theGather theInformationInformationGather theGather theInformationInformation

Adapt theMessage

Adapt theMessage


Get to know your Get to know your audienceaudience

• Perform an audience analysis– Know something about who you’ll speak to

• Age• Education• Personal beliefs• Occupation• Income• Socio-economic status• Ethnic origin• Sex/gender• Knowledge of the subject• Attitude toward the subject

– Know why people listen


Learn what you can Learn what you can about the occasion for about the occasion for

your talkyour talk• Some occasions are polite, informal

• Some occasions are formal

• Others require that a theme be incorporated into your speech


Common PurposesCommon Purposesof Business of Business

PresentationsPresentations

InformInform

MotivateMotivate

PersuadePersuade

EntertainEntertain

Examples?


Step 2:Step 2:ConstructingConstructing thethe

PresentationPresentation

Step 2:Step 2:ConstructingConstructing thethe

PresentationPresentation

Audience

Audience

Pu

rpo

seP

urp

os

e

Organizethe Message

Organizethe Message

Compose the Body

Compose the Body

Create theIntroductionCreate the

Introduction

Write theConclusionWrite the

Conclusion

Do Task 1

Do Task 2

Do Task 3


Organizing the MessageOrganizing the Message

Define the Main IdeaDefine the Main IdeaDefine the Main IdeaDefine the Main Idea

Limit the ScopeLimit the ScopeLimit the ScopeLimit the Scope

Prepare the OutlinePrepare the OutlinePrepare the OutlinePrepare the Outline

Choose your StyleChoose your Style

Audience Purpose

Purpose Audience

Message MessageChoose the ApproachChoose the ApproachChoose the ApproachChoose the Approach


• Positive:– Warm– Friendly– Interesting– Organized– Confident– Open– Honest– Exciting– Knowledgeable– Creative– Inspiring– Authentic

• Negative– Pompous– Unenergized– Patronizing– Formal;– Stuffy– Closed– Vague– Complex– Unsure– Irrelevant– Monotonous– Nervous

Speaking Styles: What’s Speaking Styles: What’s Yours?Yours?

Speaking Styles: What’s Speaking Styles: What’s Yours?Yours?


ArouseInterest

PreviewPreview of of the thePresentationPresentation

BuildBuildCredibilityCredibility

Creating theCreating theIntroductionIntroduction

Do Task 1


Arouse the audience!Arouse the audience!

• Humor • An anecdote• A prediction• A dramatic forecast• A striking example• A climactic moment• A suitable quotation

• A reference to the occasion

• A provocative question• A description• A statement of opinion• Current or recent events• A challenging statement

Listen to the tape


Limit theLimit theMain PointsMain Points

Engage theEngage theAudienceAudience

Connect theConnect theIdeasIdeas

Composing Composing the Messagethe Message

Select a Select a Speech StructureSpeech Structure

Do Task 2


Structuring the BODYStructuring the BODY• Classic format• Past-Present-Future• Chronological order• Topical organization• Cause-and-effect• Problem-solution• Geographic• Spatial


Classic FormatClassic FormatA. Opening

1. Captures audience attention2. Leads into speech topic

B. Body1. First point

a. Statement of factb. Supporting material or illustration

2. Second pointa. Statement of factb. Supporting material or illustration

3. Third Pointa. Statement of factb. Supporting material or illustration

C. Conclusion1. Review or summary2. Call to action or memorable statement


Past, Present, FuturePast, Present, Future

• There was a time when …..

• But today things have changed …..

• As we look into the future…..


Restate theRestate theMain PointsMain Points

Close theClose thePresentationPresentation

Describe theDescribe theNext StepsNext Steps

Writing theWriting theConclusionConclusion

Do Task 3


You should be prepared You should be prepared to answer 7 basic to answer 7 basic

questionsquestions1. Do you know something I need to know

2. Can I trust you?

3. Am I comfortable with you?

4. How can you affect me?

5. What’s my experience with you?

6. Are you reasonable?

7. Who do you represent?


Support your ideas with Support your ideas with credible evidencecredible evidence

• Support your talk with current, believable, easy-to-understand evidence.

• Begin with your own experience, knowledge, and interests.

• Consider new ideas, information, techniques

• Talk to experts if possible in addition to getting support material from other sources


Completing the Completing the PresentationPresentation

Completing the Completing the PresentationPresentation

EvaluateEvaluatethe Messagethe Message

EvaluateEvaluatethe Messagethe Message

Edit theEdit theContentContentEdit theEdit theContentContent

DevelopDevelopVisual AidsVisual Aids

DevelopDevelopVisual AidsVisual Aids

This is another

workshop!


Step 3:Step 3:Select a Delivery ApproachSelect a Delivery Approach

Step 3:Step 3:Select a Delivery ApproachSelect a Delivery Approach

MemorizMemorized ed PresentationPresentationMemorizMemorized ed PresentationPresentation

ImpromptuImpromptuSpeakingSpeaking

ImpromptuImpromptuSpeakingSpeaking

Manuscript Manuscript DeliveryDelivery

Manuscript Manuscript DeliveryDelivery

SpeakingSpeakingFrom NotesFrom NotesSpeakingSpeaking

From NotesFrom Notes

Audience

Audience

Su

bje

ct M

atter

Su

bje

ct

Ma

tter

ExtemporaneousExtemporaneousSpeakingSpeaking

ExtemporaneousExtemporaneousSpeakingSpeakingThe Gold Standard


Put Butterflies in Put Butterflies in FormationFormation

PreparePrepareExtra MaterialExtra Material

PreparePrepareExtra MaterialExtra Material

VisualizeVisualizeSuccessSuccessVisualizeVisualizeSuccessSuccess

Know the roomKnow the roomKnow the roomKnow the room

RehearseRehearseRehearseRehearse

Take a FewTake a FewDeep BreathsDeep BreathsTake a FewTake a Few

Deep BreathsDeep Breaths

Know the Know the audienceaudienceKnow the Know the audienceaudience

ThinkThinkPositivelyPositively

ThinkThinkPositivelyPositively

Be ReadyBe ReadyBe ReadyBe Ready

Concentrate on Concentrate on The messageThe message

Concentrate on Concentrate on The messageThe message

GetGetComfortableComfortable

GetGetComfortableComfortable

Prepare simple Prepare simple outlineoutline

Prepare simple Prepare simple outlineoutline Don’t apologizeDon’t apologizeDon’t apologizeDon’t apologize


Tips for TeamsTips for Teams

• Select a team leader with an aptitude for oral presentations

• List team member responsibilities• Standard format for visuals• Rehearse as a team• Prepare and practice introductions

and transitions• Prepare as a team for Q&A


Before you speak, check:Before you speak, check:

• Date, time, location• Room layout• Microphone and

Acoustics• Visual Aids• Stage

• Time limits• Lectern• Notes• Lights• Try it out


Step 4:Step 4:Evaluate your presentationEvaluate your presentation

• What did you do well?• What aspects of the

presentation, content or delivery were ineffective?

• What feedback have you received from the audience?

• Ask someone to evaluate you before the presentation!


• Malaspina’s International Marketing Director is to give a 20-minute presentation to Beijing students attending an Overseas Education Fair.

1. Indicate your primary speech purpose2. In pairs, develop:

• Intro using one of the methods illustrated. Illustrate using the 3 requirements of Creating Introductions

• Develop 1 point of persuasion. A statement of fact with supporting illustration

• Write the conclusion

3. Let’s develop a draft of a speech!

effective oral presentationsspeaking 1 presentations typically made to a small group of decision...

Documents

message slide

message plan step

approach slide

tape slide

construct step

public speech slide

presentation audience

audience analysis