梵文『般若心経』（小本）の「空」repo.komazawa-u.ac.jp/opac/repository/all/29793/jbk068...梵文『般若心経』（小本）の「空」...

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硏要號

梵文『般若心経』（小本）の「空」

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0.

1.

2.

3.

4.

0．はじめに

1884 17

Max Müller Nanjio Bunyiu

2

3

－ 229 －

1．「空」というもの

X

X is

empty. X is emptiness. empty emptiness

X

－ 228 －

X X

zUnya

empty J. Gonda

aputrasya gRhaM zUnyam 4 .

aputra

gRha

aputram

zUnya5

zUnya

－ 227 －

aputrasya

gRhaM zUNyam.

gRhasya zUnyatA.

gRha

zUnyatA

emptiness

zUnyatA

zUnya

zUnya

6

－ 226 －

2.　梵文『般若心経』の「空」

[1960] 7

A

B

A

namas sarvajJAya.

Arya-avalokitezvaro bodhisattvo gaMbhIrAyAM prajJApAramitAyAM caryAM caramANo

vyavalokayati sma: i paJca skandhAs, tAMz ca svabhAva- ny n pazyati sma , iha

zAliputra ii rUpaM nyat , nyat êva rUpam , rUpAn na pRthak nyat , nyat y na pRthag rUpam. yad rUpaM sA nyat , yA nyat tad rUpam, evam eva vedanA-

saMjJA-saMskAra-vijJAnAni. iha zAriputra iii sarva-dharmAH nyat -lakSaNA anutpannA

amala-avimalA naÛnA na paripUrNAH. tasmAc chAriputra iv nyat y M na rUpaM na vedanA na saNjJA na saMskArA na vijJAnaM, na cakSuH-zrotra-ghrANa-jihvA-kAya-

manAMsi, na rUpa-zabda-gandha-rasa-spraSTavya-dharmAH, na cakSur-dhAtur yAvan

na mano-vijJAna-dhAtuH. na vidyA naâvidyA na vidyA-kSayo naâvidyA-kSayo yAvan

na jarA-maraNaM na jarA-maraNa-kSayo na duHkha-samudaya-nirodha-mArgA, na

jJAnaM na prAptiH. tasmAd aprAptitvAd bodhisattvAnAM prajJApAramitAm Azritya

viharaty acitta-AvaraNaH. citta-AvaraNa-nAstitvAd atrasto viparyAsa-atikrAnto niSTha-

nirvANaH. try-adhva-vyavasthitAH sarva-buddhAH prajJApAramitAm AzrityaânuttaraAM

saMyaksambodhim abhisambuddhAH. tasmAj jJAtavyaM prajJApAramitA mahA-mantro

mahA-vidyA-mantroânuttara-mantroâsama-sama-mantraH sarva-duHkha-prazamanaH

satyam amithyatvAt. prajjApAramitAyAm ukto mantraH. tad yathA:

gate gate pAra-gate pAra-saMgate bodhi svAhA. iti prajJApAramitA-hRdayaM samAptam.

[1960]172-173

－ 225 －

B

五蘊皆空色不異空空不異色色即是空空即是色諸法空相

空中無色

[1960]8-12

zUnya zUnyatA

A

zUnya

zUnyatA

zUnya

svabhAva

gRhaM zUnyam.

zUnya

zUnya

svabhAva-zUnya

－ 224 －

zUnya/zUnyatA zUnya svabhAva-zUnya

svabhAva

svabhAva

X

X

svabhAva zUnyatA

svabhAva-zUnyatA

i ii iii iv

i pañca skandh s, t MM ca svabh va- ny n pa yati sma

skandha

svabhAva-zUnya

ii r paMM nyat , nyat ˆeva r pam[[ ]]

rUpa zUnyatA

（iii） sarva-dharm HH nyat -lakSSaNN [HH]

dharma lakSaNa

（iv） nyat y MM na r paMM....

rUpa

－ 223 －

zUnya zUnyatA

3．梵文『般若心経』（小本）の「空」理解の検証3.0

i

ii iii iv 1884 Max Müller & Bunyiu Nanjio

1 Max Müller & Bunyiu Nanjio <1884>

“...thought thus:’There are the ve Skandhas, and these he considered as by their

nature empty (phenomenal)’... form here is emptiness , and emptiness indeed is form,...all things have the character of emptiness,...in this emptiness there is no

form,... ” pp.48-49

2 <1907>

[1907]241-242

3 <1932>

[1932]8

－ 222 －

4 <1932>

[1932]519

5 <1940>

[1940]27-28

6 <1944>

[1944]206

7 <1960>

[1960]9-11

8 <1969>

skandha zUnya

[ ] rUpa

[ ]

lakSaNa

[ ] [1969]50

9 <1971>

[1971]165

－ 221 －

10 <1973>

[1973]16

11 <1985>

[1985]146-147

12 <1994>

8

[1994]50,74,107,144

13 <2001>

[2001]8-9

14 <2002>

－ 220 －

[2002]120-126

15 <2004>

[2004]86-87

16 9 <2009>

” ”

[2009]<13-17 >

17 <2009>

[2009] 29

3.1

1 i svabhAva-zUnya

skandha

rUpa form dharma thing lakSaNa character

zUnya empty zUnyatA emptiness

210

6

－ 219 －

3 14

6

rUpa zUnyatA11

14 12

7

7 rUpa zUnya

zUnyatA

svabhAva-zUnya

skandha rUpa rUpa zUnyatA

svabhAva

svabhAva-zUnya svabhAva

svabhAva

zUnya

svabhAva

zUnya svabhAva zUnya

svabhAva-zUnya

svabhAva zUnya

－ 218 －

3.2

skandha 13 zUnya rUpa

zUnya zUnyatA

rUpa-skandha

14

rUpaM zUnyam, yat zUnyaM tad rUpam

rUpaM zUnyatA, zUnyatA^eva rUpam

9

11

rUpa zUnyatA15

16

skandha rUpa

rUpa zUnyatA

rUpa zUnyatA

rUpa form zUnyatA emptiness

－ 217 －

rUpa

rUpa

i ii iii iv i iii

skandhaH zUnyaH

dharmasya zUnyatA

svabhAva-zUnya

lakSaNa rUpa zUnyatA

zUnyatA

rUpa rUpa

rUpa

utpalaM nIlam

utpalasya nIlatvam

utpalaM zUnyam utpalasya zUnyatA

rUpa

rUpa zUnyatA rUpaM

zUnyam rUpaM zUnyatA17

rUpa

rUpa-skandha 18

zUnyatA

ii rUpaM zUnyatA. rUpa

－ 216 －

zUnyatA

rUpa rUpam zUnyatA

zUnyatA

ahaM brahma^asmi

aham

brahma brahman

asmi as-

19

20

21

rUpa

rUpa rUpa

1 17 rUpa

7 8 10 12 13 16 17 22

15 rUpa rUpa

rUpa

13

[2001]

－ 215 －

rUpaM zUnyatA

S.D.Joshi

This

book is importance.

This book is important.

[2001]137-138

rUpaM zUnyatA

S.D.Joshi

rUpa

zUnyatA rUpa

zUnyatA

rUpaM zUnyatA rUpaM zUnyam

S.D.Joshi

rUpaM zUnyatA

－ 214 －

S.D.Joshi

rUpa

rUpavat rUpin rUpadhara

rUpa

rUpa

rUpaM zUnyatA

ahaM brahma^asmi

rUpaM zUnyatA

S.D.Joshi

23

rUpaM zUnyatA rUpa

zUnyatA zUnyam

zUnyatA

zUnyatA zUnya

[2001]138

[2001]137

－ 213 －

rUpa 10 rUpa

16

zUnyatA

zUnyatA

24 zUnyatA

rUpa

7

rUpa

zUnyatA

－ 212 －

[2004]106-109

rUpaM zUnyatA, zUnyatA^eva rUpam

rUpa

zUnyatA

zUnya

zUnyatA

zUnya deva devatA

－ 211 －

deva

devatA

25

3.3

iii sarva-dharmAH zUnyatA-laksaNAH sarva-

dharmAH zUnyAH.

rUpa

zUnyatA

zUnyatA rUpa zUnya

zUnyatA sarva-dharmAH

zUnyatA-laksaNAH

sarva-dharmAH zUnyAH.

sarva-dharmANAM zUnyatA

sarva-dharmAH zUnyatA-laksaNAH lakSaNa

sarva-dharmANAM zUnyatA

lakSyate

zUnyatA

rUpa sarva-dharmAH

zUnyAH

zUnyatA lakSaNa

－ 210 －

1 17

rUpa 3

zUnyatA

<

> < > < >

3.4

iv

zUnyatAyAM na rUpam.....

zUnyatAyAM na rUpam na

－ 209 －

zUnyatA

1 17

NAgArjuna XVIII-5

karma-kleza-kSayAn mokSaH karma-klezA vikalpataH /

te prapaJcAt prapaJcas tu zUnyatAyAM nirudhyate //5// Ms XVIII-5:pp.349-350

CandrakIrti

sa ca^ayaM laukikaH prapaJco niravazeSaH zUnyatAyAM sarva-bhAva-svabhAva-zUnyatA-

darzane sati nirudhyate // (PrasannapadA ad Ms XVIII-5:p.350)

ca sa ayam laukika

prapaJca zUnyatA sarva

bhAva svabhAva-zUnyatA darzana

sati niravazeSa nirudhyate

iv

XVIII-5

4．むすびにかえて

i ii iii iv

skandha

－ 208 －

dharma rUpa-skandha

rUpa

zUnya rUpa

zUnyatA

zUnyatA

rUpa26

rUpa-skandha

rUpa-skandha rUpa

rUpaM zUnyatA rUpaM zUnyam

rUpa

rUpaM zUnyatA

rUpa

i paJca skandhAs, tAMz ca svabhAva-zUnyAn pazyati sma

skandha 色蘊 r pa-s. vedan -s. saMjñ -s. saMsk ra-s. vijñ na-s. 空 nyaii rUpaM zUnyatA zUnyatA^eva rUpam [[ ]]

dharma 色 r pa vedan saMjñ saMsk ra vijñ na 空性 nyatiii sarva-dharmAH zUnyatA-lakSaNA[H]

iv zUnyatAyAM na rUpaM....

－ 207 －

【テキスト・参考文献】Abhs:AbhijJAnazakuntalA(PischelEd.)

Akbh:AbhidharmakozabhASya by Vasubandhu(PradhanEd.)Hit:Hitopadeza by NArAyaNa(PetersonEd.)

Kss:KathAsaritsAgara(NirNaya.Ed.:1970R)M:MRcchakaTika by ZUdraka(KaleEd.)Ms:MAdhyAmikazAstra by NAgArjuna(PoussinEd.)

Lancaster, Lewis,ed.[1977]:PrajJApAramitA and Related Systems:Studies in Honor of Edward Conze,Berkeley.Müller,Max & Nanjio,Bunyiu[1884]:Anecdota Oxoniensia:Texts, Documents, and Extracts chie y from Manuscripts in the Bodleian and other Oxford Libraries…, Vol.1,Part 3,Oxford.

[1933][1944]

[1959]

[1977]

[1976]

[1973]

[1968]

[1978]

[1971]

[1907]

[1956] 4 2

[1969]

[1983][1985]

[1969]

[1986][2001]

－ 206 －

[2003]

[1977]

[2003]

[1960]

[193211??][1941]

[2004]

[1967][1974]

[20090220]

[2008] 35

[1974/1989] J.

[2002]

[20090210]

[19320115]

【註記】1 1982 12

3

4 Gonda

aputrasya gRhaM zUnyaM san-mitra-rahitasya ca mUrkhasya hRdayaM zUnyaM sarva-zUnyA daridratA (Hit,I-96:p.29)

－ 205 －

[1968]55

zUnyam aputrasya gRhaM cira-zUnyaM naˆasti yasya san-mitram mUrkhasya dizaH zUnyAH sarvaM zUnyaM daridrasya Mr,I-8:p.10)

[1959] 1855 tAda / sauntalAvirahidaM suNNaM via tavovaNaM pavisAmo /(Abhs,p.56)[tAta zakuntalA-virahitaM

zUnyam iva tapo-vanam pravizAva(Abhs,p.131)]

[1977] 103

a-bhAryaM hi zUnyaM gRha-pater gRham /(Kss,p.464)[1978]237

6

7 [2003]

[2003][1960]

8

[1994]74 zUnyatA

zUnya

9 [2009]

10 Max Müller & Bunyiu Nanjio[1907] rUpa

zUnya, zUnyatARUpa.[ ]. .

[1907] 95zUnya.[ ]. .

－ 204 －

zUnya-tA.[ ]. . [1907] 10911 3 5

3

12

13 skandha

[1985]

48

50

[1983]

rUpa

100[1983] [1985] [1985]

11

146

skandha

－ 203 －

rUpa-skandha

rUpa

9rUpa

717

11 14 15rUpa

14

15ii

[1960]2316 [1973]

[1973]207

rUpaM zUnyatA zUnyatA^eva rUpam

yad rUpaM sA zUnyatA, yA zUnyatA tad rUpam

rUpa

zUnyatA

zUnyatA

17 rUpa-

－ 202 －

skandha

te punaHH saMMskRRt dharm r pa- di-skandha-pañcakam / rUpa-skandho vedanA-skandhaH saMjJA-skandhaH saMskAra-skandho vijJAna-skandhaz ca^ity ete

saMskRtA dharmAH /(Abh,p.4)ab

[1969]145 rUpa

r paMM dvividhvarNaH saMsth naM ca / Abh,p.6)

a[1969]150

[1976]

[1976]63

6618 [1977]

[1977]11

59

ii rUpa

rUpa-skandha zUnyatA

19 [2004]106-107 [1994]9620 [2001]13821 7 1022 rUpa 7 13

[1994]

83 rUpa

－ 201 －

91 ii

97

98

ii rUpaM zUnyatA, zUnyatA^eva rUpaMeva

eva eva

rUpaM zUnyatA

eva

zUnyatA^eva rUpam

ii

ii

ii

eva [1956]eva

23 rUpaM zUnyatA

rUpa

[2002]85-9324 [1932]

[1941]

[1941]11zUnyatA

25 deva devatA

[2008] deva devatA

－ 200 －

zUnya zUnyatA

26

karman

jJAna mokSa

rUpa-skandha

zUnyatA rUpa zUnyatA

[1975]*

18 <1975>

[1975]19-20ii rUpaM zUnyaM zUnyatA^eva rUpam

rUpaM zUnyatA, zUnyatA^eva rUpam zUnyatA

rUpa

18

[1948]

[1948] [1960]19 <1948>

－ 199 －

[1948]19-20*

[1948] 12[1975]