ee345 - micro-controllers an overview
DESCRIPTION
EE345 - Micro-Controllers An Overview. Prof. Ahmad Abu-El-Haija [email protected]. Acknowledgement. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
April 20, 2023Digital System Design 2
Acknowledgement
This presentation is a modified version of lecture notes prepared by Dr. Pradondet Nilagupta, Kasetsart University. The latter is also a modified version based upon presentations by Prof. Maciej Ciesielski and Prof. Tilman Wolf, University of Massachusetts Amherst, and original slides from the publisher.
April 20, 2023EE345 – Micro-Controllers 3
Course Outline
Digital System and Binary Numbers Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates Gate-Level Minimization Combinational Logic Circuits & Design Synchronous Sequential Logic Design Registers and Counters Programmable Interface Controller (PIC)
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Textbook & References
Main Textbook M. Morris Mano, Michael D. Ciletti , Digital
Design 4th Edition, Prentice Hall 2007 Reference Material
John F. Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles and Practices 4th Edition, Prentice Hall 2006
Handout and manual of a Programmable Interface Controller
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Course Assessment
Quizzes 10% Two exams 50% Final Exam 40%
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Attendance Policy
Students are expected to attend every class and all other scheduled activities related to t
he course. Students who miss a lecture, must make arra
ngements with colleagues to obtain any miss ed material and information.
Maximum allowed absence is 10%. Any student who exceeds the 10% limit will
be treated as per the prevailing regulations.
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Digital Systems (1/2)
Digital systems operate on discrete elements of information
- - Numbers (e.g., pocket calculator) > “digits” > “digital”
Letters (e.g., word processor) Pictures (e.g., digital cameras)
Digital systems Cell phone Digital camera Industrial process controller, etc.
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Digital Systems (2/2)
Some systems use continuous information Analog clocks Film cameras
For a digital systems to operate on a continu ous data, it needs to quantize (digitize) that data first
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Digital Thermostat
Purpose: control room temperature
Digital thermostat Senses temperature and co
nverts it to a digital representation
Simple processor compares current and set temperatur
e If too cold, heater circuit is t
urned on
OK, but how is the conversio n done?
How is digital information stored?
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Digital Audio
processing or storage ofdigital signal (e.g., MP3)
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Analog to Digital Recording
Microphone converts acoustic waves to electrical energy. It’s a transducer.
Analog signal: continuously varying electrical energy of the s ound pressure wave.
ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) converts analog to digital el ectrical signal.
Digital signal: digital representation of signal in binary numbers.
DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) converts digital signal in co mputer to analog for your headphones.
ADC
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Digital Quantization
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The Digital Audio Stream
A series of sample numbers, to be interpreted as instantaneous amplitudes one number for every tick of the sample clock from
previous example:
This is what appears in a sound file, along with a hea der that indicates the sampling rate, bit depth and o ther things
Each number is then converted to binary and stored in a register
5 6 7 7 5 4 3 1 2
5 7 5 7 4
101110111111100011001001010101111101111100
3-bit registerMemory cell
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Building blocks of Digital Hardware
Multiple levels of “abstractions”
Digital system
Circuit board
Chip
Logic gate
Transistor
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Computer – What’s Inside?
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Datapath