ee141 - fall 1999 introduction to digital integrated...
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EE141 - Fall 1999Introduction to Digital
Integrated Circuits
Tu-Th 9:30 - 11:00 am203 McLaughlin
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What is this class about?
Introduction to digital integrated circuits.l CMOS devices and manufacturing technology. CMOS inverters
and gates. Propagation delay, noise margins, and powerdissipation. Regenerative logic circuits. Arithmetic, interconnect,and memories. Programmable logic arrays. Designmethodologies.
What will you learn?l Understanding, designing, and optimizing digital circuits with
respect to different quality metrics: cost, speed, powerdissipation, and reliability
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Practical Informationl Instructors:
» Jan Rabaey511 Cory Hall , 3-8206, [email protected] hours: Mo 1:30-3pm (231 Cory); Tu 11-12:30pm (511 Cory)
» Bora Nikolic570 Cory Hall , tbd, [email protected] hours: Mo 11-12:30pm; We 2-3:30pm
l TAs:» Rhett Davis, [email protected] - Office hours: W 12:30-2pm (297 Cory)» Vikram Shenoy, [email protected] - Office hours: (297 Cory)» David Wang, [email protected] - No Office Hours» Englin Yeo, [email protected] - Office hour: M 5-6:30pm (297 Cory)
l “The Paperless Class”http:”//infopad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~icdesign/ee141”
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Discussions & Labs
l Discussion Sessions - flexible assignment» M 4-5pm; 405 Davis; Englin Yeo;
» W 4-5pm 285 Cory; Rhett Davis;
l Labs - 353 Cory!» Tu 3-6 pm (TBA),
» We 11-2 pm (TBA),
» Th 3-6 pm (TBA),
» Fr 11-2pm (TBA)
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Class Organization
l+/- 10 assignmentslOne Integrated Design Project with 2
deliverableslLaboratories:
» 7 software labs» 2 hardware labs
l2 midterms; 1 final» midterm1: Th 9/23; midterm2: Th 10/29» final: Fr 12/10 (8-11am)
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Grading Policy
lHomeworks: 10%lLabs: 10%lProjects: 20%lMidterms: 30%lFinal: 30%
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Class Material
l Textbook: “Digital Integrated Circuits - A DesignPerspective”, by J. Rabaey
l Class notes: Web page (New stuff!) +http://infopad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~icdesign/instructors.html
l Lab Reader;Available on the web page!Selected material will be made available fromCopy Central
l Check web page for the availability of tools
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New Software
lMicromagic “max” and “sue”» A modern version of the good ol’ magic» On-line documentation and tutorials
lHSPICE and IRSIM for simulation
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Getting Started
lAssignment 1: Getting SPICE to work -see web-page
lNO discussion sessions or labs thisweek.
lFirst discussion sessions in Week 2lFirst Software Lab in Week 3
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Digital Integrated Circuits
l Introduction: Issues in digital designl The inverter - CMOSl Combinational logic structuresl Sequential logic gates; timingl Arithmetic building blocksl Interconnect: R, L and Cl Memories and array structuresl Design methods
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Introduction
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The First Computer
The BabbageDifference Engine(1832)25,000 partscost: £17,470
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ENIAC - The first electronic computer(1946)
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The Transistor Revolution
First transistorBell Labs, 1948
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The First Integrated Circuits
Bipolar logic1960’s
ECL 3-input GateMotorola 1966
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Evolution in Complexity
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Evolution in Transistor Count
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Evolution in Speed/Performance
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Major challenges in digital design
lThe large» Complexity
lAnd the small» Very-high speed design (> 1 GHz)» Power dissipation» Interconnect» Clocking
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Intel 4004 Micro-Processor
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Intel Pentium (II) microprocessor
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Silicon in 2010
Die Area: 2.5x2.5 cmVoltage: 0.6 VTechnology: 0.07 µm
Density Access Time(Gbits/cm2) (ns)
DRAM 8.5 10DRAM (Logic) 2.5 10SRAM (Cache) 0.3 1.5
Density Max. Ave. Power Clock Rate(Mgates/cm2) (W/cm2) (GHz)
Custom 25 54 3Std. Cell 10 27 1.5
Gate Array 5 18 1Single-Mask GA 2.5 12.5 0.7
FPGA 0.4 4.5 0.25
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The Challenge
Source: sematech97
A growing gap between design complexity and design productivity
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Design Abstraction Levels
n+n+S
GD
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DEVICE
CIRCUIT
GATE
MODULE
SYSTEM