education technology in lao people’s democratic republic

Education Technology in Lao People’s Education Technology in Lao People’s Democratic RepublicDemocratic Republic

Presented byPresented by

- Mr. Maaly Vorabouth, Deputy Head of Teacher Education Evaluation Division (TEED), - Mr. Maaly Vorabouth, Deputy Head of Teacher Education Evaluation Division (TEED), ICT officer, Department of Teacher Training (DTT/DTE), Ministry of EducationICT officer, Department of Teacher Training (DTT/DTE), Ministry of Education

Global Education Technology Summit 2008-Asia Conference ProgramGlobal Education Technology Summit 2008-Asia Conference Program (13-14 May 2008, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) (13-14 May 2008, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

Supported by Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada and SMART TechnologiesSupported by Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada and SMART Technologies

Content

Introduction

Exit

1. Situation of ICT use in teaching and learning

3. ICT Development in Teacher Education Institutions

4. Challenging

(Education Technology in Lao PDR)

2. National System Reform Strategy of Laos

TEMIS five year plan

The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) or Laos is a small and land-locked country

It is established in December 1975It is surrounded by China,

Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia

-Introduction

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Population was about 5.7 million in 2005

The Government opened the country to the world in 1986

The concept of human development, first introduced in 1990

The first National Human Development Report, 1996

-Introduction

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Based on the World Bank Group 2007, the

GDP of Laos in 2005, was about 2.9 billion

US$, yearly Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

per capita income was about US$509 In 2006, by estimation, the GDP per capita

income would be US$586 Showing as increase of 15.3% from 2005 to

2006

-Introduction

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Gross Enrolment Rates (GER, year 2006-2007) of Preschool level: 12.3% Lower secondary level: 53.3% Upper secondary level: 34.6%

Net Enrolment Rates (NER, year 2006-207) of the

primary level was 86.4%

Reference: Annual Report 2006-2007 and Plan 2007-2008 of the MOE in Laos

-Introduction

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For the year 2006/2007,

The average class sizes (number of student in

classroom) of preschool, primary and secondary

levels are currently 23, 31 and 48 respectively

The current student-teacher ratio of preschool,

primary and secondary levels, are 17, 31 and 25

respectively


-Introduction

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For the year 2006/2007, In the same year, number of preschool children,

primary pupils and secondary students were 55,340; 891,807 and 400,076 respectively

In total about 3.47% of them were from private schools. Inside that, private preschool children were about 28.4% and private secondary schools students were about 1.6%


-Introduction

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At least 12% of Teacher Training graduates could not apply to be teachers totally (counting from academic year 1999-2000 to 2004-2005, in five years);

There were not enough quota of teachers in 10 provinces

At the same time, other provinces needed the Teacher Training graduates

-Introduction

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That is problem with surplus and shortage of primary and secondary teachers in different provinces concerning number and subject

Future plan. Our projection will focus on The province and district levels School level Subject taught and qualification

<<ICT is a power tool to support the plan>>

-Introduction

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In eight Teacher Training Colleges and Teacher Training Schools (TTCs/TTSs)

There are totally 294 personal computers At least 51% of the PCs are use for teaching and

learning Each TTC/TTS has LAN connection, and the LAN is

available only in the Computer Lab except Luangprabang TTC and Savannakhet TTC, which have the LAN in other places


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In the eight TTCs/ TTSs Every TTC has Internet access, except three TTSs Maximum speed of the Internet access is 256 kbps,

and its minimum speed is 54 kbps There are three connection systems as Broadband

Satellite, ADSL and Dial up used in the TTCs/TTSs They don’t have computer in science lab According to the TTCs/TTSs report, some of

machines are under standard and old model, and computers are not enough for teachers and students

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In the eight TTCs/ TTSs The ICT pedagogy integration in Teacher

Training Colleges and Teacher Training Schools (TTCs/TTSs) is developing especially in Mathematics, Sciences and English

The number of ICT Hardware particularly PC are now increased dramatically since 2005 as well as Mathematics and Sciences teaching method which is developing through RECSAM, EQIPII/TTEST and SMATT

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In secondary schools, There are totally 122 personal computers in 16

piloted secondary schools from six different provinces in Lao P.D.R.

The PCs and other equipments were supported by projects: Smart School (2001-2005), JHAI foundation (1998-2002), ASEAN School Net (2007-2009) and School Net (2003-2006)

Most of piloted secondary school has LAN connection, and the LAN is available only in the Computer Lab

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In the secondary schools, Every one has Internet access by 512

kbps speed and via ADSL connection system

Six schools in the piloted schools were supported only Internet service fee and printers, it means that they bought computers by themselves

They don’t have computer in science labMenu


In the secondary schools, Some teachers begin to understand the

effective use of the ICT in teaching and learning

In general some Sciences and Mathematics teachers use the ICT for teaching and it is a good beginning for them although the ICT does not play fully in student learning

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Teachers’ behaviour and how to develop the ICT pedagogy integration, their skill in English would be a focused point in this period as well as human resource in the field of ICT would need to be raised

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The National Education System Reform

Strategy of Lao P.D.R. (2006–2015) expects

to establish a new national education system.

The concept of the system is to increase 11

years of schooling to 12 years of schooling

(from 5+3+3 to 5+4+3)


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New national education system

Kindergarten (3 years) Child (3 months - 3 year old)

Primary (5 years)

Lower secondary (4 years)

Upper sec. (3 years)Vocational(2-3 years)

University

Heath, Master and Doctor programs

Higher education (3-4 years)

NFE

25 years old

3 years old

There are four main points mentioned in the strategy as

below,

ICT curriculum will be established and developed at lower

and upper secondary school levels (we expect to implement

on 2009/2010)

ICT laboratory will be established in schools

Use of ICT in distance education program to give chances for

people who live in remote areas (TV program and radio

program would be good supplementary materials)

Teaching materials will be created/developed for schools


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An Education Sector Development Framework (ESDF) is under preparation covering sector-wide development of general education for the period 2009-2020

The framework expands on the strategy and provides a costed action plan over three phases with projections for planning and management of an expanded school education system


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The ESDF includes an intervention under the Quality

component to introduce the knowledge of ICT into the lower

and upper secondary education levels

Proposed actions include:

(i) Development of a phased implementation plan for ICT

curriculum development for secondary schools

(ii) Integration of ICT skills development in the pre-

service teacher training programme for all secondary

school trainee teachers

(iii) ICT skills incorporated into the secondary school

curriculumMenu


In Laos, there are 15 Teacher Education Institutions

(TEIs), are divided into six kinds of TEI First, five Teacher Training Colleges (TTCs) running

six systems as 5+4, 8+3, 11+1, 11+2 and 11+3 years,

producing preschool, primary and lower secondary

school teachers Second, there are three Teacher Training Schools

(TTSs) running four systems as 5+4, 8+3, 11+1 and

11+2 years, producing preschool and primary school

teachers


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In Laos, there are 15 Teacher Education Institutions

(TEIs), are divided into six kinds of TEI

Third, there is one National Art Education Teacher

Training School running 8+3 years, producing art

teachers

Fourth, there is one National Physical Education

Teacher Training running 11+3 years, producing

physical education teachers


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In Laos, there are 15 Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs), are divided into six kinds of TEI

Fifth, there are two Monk Colleges running 11+3 years, producing secondary teachers for Monk schools

Final, there are three Faculties of Education running 11+4 years, producing upper secondary school teachers


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The ICT was introduced in the TEIs in 1996

Two training workshops on using technologies for

teaching and learning in TEIs were organised in 1997

and 1999

Some teachers in TEIs have been using technologies

such as tap recorder, Television/Video, Slider,

Overhead Projector for teaching including Video

camera for creating


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Training workshop on use of computer for

teaching/learning and solving the software/hardware

problems in TEIs was organised in 2001

During 1997 the Database and Reporting System

(DRS) was introduced in TEIs in the area of pre-

service teacher training. The DRS was improved

between 1998 and 2003 through the conduct of three

government funded workshops


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In order to build full functional DRS for teacher education and to prepare for TEIs delegation in the future, Teacher Education Management Information System (TEMIS) five year plan was established which phase2 of the plan is under preparation


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There are six phases in the TEMIS five year plan as below,

Phase 1: TEMIS Preparation Phase 2 (To make a model): To develop a

simple pre service teacher training database piloting at two TEIs linking to the DTT, to make full functional DRS at the piloted places and to analyse data by use of the database


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Phase 3: To extend the model at other TEIs (and to increase other databases based on the TESAP into the DRS. To integrate PMIS database and in service teacher training database at national level)


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Phase4: To integrate PMIS database, pre and in service teacher training databases, and evaluation system at provincial/TEI levels

Phase5: To monitor, encourage and review for improving the TEMIS

Phase6: To extend TEMIS databases at district level


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The concept of the system is to integrate

three main systems: the Pre and In

Service Teacher Training DRS, Personal

Management Information System (PMIS)

and the Evaluation System (ES includes a

Quality Assurance System)


Database and Reporting System for Pre and In Service Teacher Training

(DRS)

Personal Management Information System

(PMIS)

Evaluation System(ES)

TEMISTEMIS

Integrate DRS, ES and PMIS

Concept Teacher Education Management Information System (TEMIS)

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Programmer/developer’s team will be

built, for development of computer

application software in teaching/learning

at TEIs and for development of TEMIS

databases and application software


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Three year plan (2006-2008) for ICT application in three TEIs as Luangprabang TTC, Savannakhet TTC and Bankeun TTC was established (in cooperation with UNESCO-piloted project). Phase 2 of the plan will be implemented soon: ICT curriculum and ICT in education curriculum in the TEIs will be developed

The curricula will be implement to other TEIs


4. Challenging

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Some of machines are under standard and old model Budget for maintenance and operation of the

machines is not enough Some machines are out of order and spare parts are

not available Some areas have no electricity (use temporary

generator) Lack of human resource in the field of ICT. Also,

some of them are poor in English skills Many teachers have never seen computers Teacher behaviour

References

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• Ministry of Education in Laos. (2000). The Education Strategic Vision by 2010 and 2020

• Ministry of Education in Laos. (2000). The Five Year Education Development Plan 20001-2005

• Ministry of Education in Laos. (2007). The National Education System Reform Strategy (2006–2015)

• Ministry of Education in Laos (2006). Teacher Education Strategy and Action Plan (2006-2015, 2006-2010)

• Maaly Vorabouth (2006). Why are the Database and Reporting Systems for Teacher Training Colleges/Teacher Training Schools in Laos ambiguous and delayed? Department of Teacher Training, Ministry of Education, Lao PDR, submitted as part of a Masters Program.

References

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• Maaly Vorabouth (2008). First draft ICT application in the teaching and learning of School Science and Mathematics. Department of Teacher Training, Ministry of Education, Lao PDR, submitted as first draft study which is a part of the State of ICT Use in the Teaching and Learning of School Science and Mathematics among SEAMEO Member Countries

• Ministry of Education in Laos. (2007). Teacher Education Management Information System (TEMIS) Plan Concept Paper

• Ministry of Education, Department of Teacher Training in Laos. (2006). Teacher Training Graduate 1999 to 2005

• Ministry of Education in Laos. (2007). Annual Bulletin• Ministry of Education in Laos. (2007). Annual Report 2006-2007 and

Plan 2007-2008.

education technology in lao people’s democratic republic

Documents

secondary teachers

teacher training colleges

primary level

secondary students

secondary levels

upper secondary level

lower secondary level

academic year