editorial recent advances in theory and applications of...

EditorialRecent Advances in Theory and Applications ofElectromagnetic Metamaterials

Weiren Zhu,1 Ivan D. Rukhlenko,1,2 Roman E. Noskov,3 Ronghong Jin,4 and Ji Zhou5

1Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (A𝜒L), Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering,Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia2ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia3Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany4Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China5State Kay Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084, China

Correspondence should be addressed to Weiren Zhu; [email protected]

Received 28 July 2015; Accepted 28 July 2015

Copyright © 2015 Weiren Zhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The advancement of modern electromagnetic technologiesstrongly relies on the development of original theoreticalapproaches and new artificial materials. Metamaterials arerecently developed artificially engineered materials made ofsubwavelength electric circuits instead of atoms ormolecules,which are the basic elements interactingwith electromagneticradiation. The design of metamaterials enables intriguingapplications and manipulating electromagnetic waves inmany ways beyond those achievable with natural materials.For the purpose of fully realizing the potential of metama-terials, this special issue aimed to attract original researchand review articles that will stimulate the continuing effortson the understanding of metamaterials and exploring theirapplications in electromagnetic engineering. The issue hasreceived a total of 27 submissions, 8 of which were acceptedfor publication after peer reviewing. The accepted paperscover a broad area of metamaterial in both theory andapplications.

The paper “Taming the Electromagnetic Boundaries viaMetasurfaces: From Theory and Fabrication to FunctionalDevices” by X. Luo et al. presents a comprehensive reviewof the history and recent development of metasurfaces. Morespecifically, this paper focuses on the theory and applicationsrelating to the frequency response, phase shift, and polar-ization state control. Based on the current status of variousapplications, some of the open challenges and future trendstowards the application of metasurfaces are discussed.

A review titled “Recent Advances in the Modelingof Transmission Lines Loaded with Split Ring Resonators(SRRs)” by J. Naqui et al. presents the progress achievedin the modeling of coplanar waveguide transmission linesloadedwith SRRs, that is, negative-permeability transmissionlines. This review includes a comprehensive discussion onthe effects of SRR orientation, coupling between the adjacentresonators, and coupling between the two SRRs constitutingthe unit cell.

The mechanism of resonances in the reverse Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation produced by a charged-particles beampropagating over periodic boundary of a dispersive left-handed medium is studied by G. Granet et al. in theirpaper “Resonances in Reverse Vavilov-Cherenkov RadiationProduced by Electron Beam Passage over Periodic Interface.”Conditions of radiation initiation, radiation intensity, andthe possibility of the existence of different resonant effectsin the reverse Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation associated withthe excitation of surface waves of the periodic boundaryhave been studied both analytically and numerically in theapproximation of a given current.

By making an analogy to the quantum counterpart intheir paper “Photonic Wannier-Stark Ladder from CoupledElectromagnetic Cavities,” S. Anwar et al. present an innova-tive photonic Wannier-Stark ladder in the system of coupledelectromagnetic cavities, where the tilted potential effect ismimicked by imposing the gradient variation of refractive

Hindawi Publishing CorporationInternational Journal of Antennas and PropagationVolume 2015, Article ID 982325, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/982325

2 International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

index. The geometrically progressed eigen energies of thephotonic Wannier-Stark ladder are studied through bothanalytical derivations and numerical simulations.

In their paper “Polarization-Independent and Angle-InsensitiveMetamaterial Absorber Using 90-Degree-RotatedSplit-Ring Resonators,” J.-Q. Feng et al. present the design,simulation, and measurement of a polarization-independentand angle-insensitive metamaterial absorber. They take foursubwavelength split-ring resonators with a 4-fold rotationalsymmetry to build a unit cell of the absorber, which leads toits insensitivity with respect to both polarization and incidentangle of planar electromagnetic waves. The performance ofsuch a metamaterial absorber is examined by both numericalsimulations and microwave experiments in the X-band.

Metamaterials made of high-permittivity dielectric res-onators offer a low-loss alternative to metal-basedmetamate-rials. T. Luo et al., in their paper “Dielectric Behavior of LowMicrowave Loss Unit Cell for All Dielectric Metamaterial,”present the preparation and characterization of calciumtitanate (CaTiO

3)—a kind of incipient ferroelectrics with

high dielectric permittivity and low loss, which can be utilizedfor constructing all-dielectric metamaterials. The preparedCaTiO

3exhibits a high microwave permittivity of about 167

with a dielectric loss of only 0.0005, resulting in a qualityfactor as large as 2049.

The paper “High-Directivity Antenna Array Based onArtificial Electromagnetic Metamaterials with Low Refrac-tive Index” by Z. Xiao et al. reports on an innovative high-gain patch antenna array using a metamaterial. By coveringa metamaterial of low refractive index, the antenna arrayhas advantages in terms of smaller number of array ele-ments, larger element spacing, and simpler feeding network.The metamaterial antenna array also features significantlyimproved directivity and antenna gain.

In their paper “Compact Microstrip Bandpass DiplexerBased on Twist Revised Split Ring Resonators,” J. Li et al.experimentally demonstrate a compact microstrip bandpassdiplexer, which has two close frequency channels centered at2.16 and 2.91 GHz. The synthesized diplexer has very simpleconfiguration and is of small size and can be potentially inte-grated into miniaturized RF/microwave integrated circuits.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the International Journal ofAntennas and Propagation for the opportunity to serve asguest editors of this special issue. They also sincerely thankall the authors for their contributions in this special issue andtheir patience with the editorial and review processes. Theyhope readers find interest in the papers in this special issue.

Weiren ZhuIvan D. RukhlenkoRoman E. Noskov

Ronghong JinJi Zhou

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