editor’s messageresearch.emu.edu.tr/files/doc/newsletters/news_15.pdf · joint field work carried...

Dear Colleagues,

I am happy to bring the last issue of 2008 to the EMUcommunity. The EMU Research Newsletter team hasworked hard to bring out four successful issues with-in 2008. In order to further acknowledge their work,here I would like to introduce my team members:associate editor Donna Ruzzanno; editorial assistantsFatih Parlak and Olusegun Olugbade; and graphicdesigner Ersev Sarper. Together, we look forward to

continue bringing interesting research projects to your attention in 2009.

In the current issue, we begin with computer engineers Adnan Acan and AhmetÜnveren, who explain their work on multi-objective optimization using the crossentropy method. This is followed by Yücel Vural of the Political SciencesDepartment, who introduces his research on the effect of history education oninter-communal relations between Turkish and Greek Cypriots.

We continue to highlight the stu-dent researchers of EMU. In ourStudent Research Profile section,interior architecture graduate stu-dent Leyla Çınar discusses herresearch on the transformation ofBüyükkonuk vernacular houses.In our Interview section, we fea-ture Mohammed Reza Azizian aMaster of Science student fromthe Department of MechanicalEngineering. Azizian talks abouthis research on the evaluation ofthermophysical properties ofnanofluids.

I would like to thank all those whohave contributed to the 2008 issuesof our newsletter.

With best regards,

Bahar Taneri

1research newsletter2008/4

Editor’s Message

EEddiittoorr--iinn--CChhiieeff::Bahar Taneri

AAssssoocciiaattee EEddiittoorr::Donna Ruzzano

EEddiittoorriiaall AAssssiissttaannttss::Olusegun A. OlugbadeFatih Parlak

RReesseeaarrcchh NNeewwsslleetttteerr SSeeccrreettaarriiaatt::Office of the Research Advisory BoardEastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagusta, North Cyprus Phone: +90 392 630 1251Fax: +90 392 365 1604e-mail: [email protected]

RReesseeaarrcchh AAddvviissoorryy BBooaarrdd::Ayhan Bilsel (Chair)Ali Hakan Ulusoy (Vice Chair)Fahme Dabaj (Coordinator)Hulusi DemirTuğrul İlterOsman KaratepeDerya OktayBekir ÖzerŞener UysalFeryal VaranoğullarıElvan Yılmaz

EMU Research Newsletter is publishedquarterly through the office of theResearch Advisory Board. The informa-tion presented in the News Highlightsand Recent Publications andPresentations sections are as they aresubmitted by faculty members.

CCooveerr PPhhottograph:Leyla Çınar

Cover DDesign:Ersev Sarper

Printed bby:Eastern Mediterranean University Printing-House T. No: 507405December 2008

From left: Donna Ruzzano, Fatih Parlak, Bahar Taneri,Olusegun Olugbade, Ersev Sarper

2 research newsletter2008/4

Contents

Research Spotlight: Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 10Effect of History Education on Intercommunal Relations

By Yücel Vural

News Highlights 3

Research Spotlight: Engineering and Sciences 7 Multi-objective Optimization with Cross Entropy Method: Stochastic Learning with Clustered Pareto Fronts

By Adnan Acan and Ahmet Ünveren

Student Research Profile 12Sustainability through Spatial Adaptation and Transformation in the Vernacular Houses of Büyükkonuk

By Leyla Çınar

Interview with an EMU Researcher 16Mohammad Reza Azizian

Mechanical Engineering Graduate Student

Recent Publications and Presentations 24

Fall 2008 EMU Type-B Award Recipients 18

3 research newsletter 2008/4

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A one-day seminar about Geographic Information Systems(GIS) was organized by EMU’s Geographic InformationSystems Research and Application Center in cooperation withthe Department of Geography of İstanbul University (IU),Turkey. The seminar held on 12 September 2008 was part of ajoint field work carried out by 7 undergraduate, 1 post-gradu-ate student from EMU, and 12 undergraduate, 3 post-graduatestudents from IU under the supervision of Yücel Tandoğdufrom EMU and Hüseyin Turoğlu from IU. Research findings ofthe project titled ‘Determining the Cultural Heritage Inventoryof Gazimağusa Old City: An Education-aimed Application’ waspresented by the participating students. Undergraduate andpost-graduate students of both universities, who actively par-ticipated in this project, applied their theoretical knowledgegained from classroom education to a practical problem. YücelTandoğdu, of the EMU Department of Mathematics and thedirector of EMU’s GIS Research and Application Center, gave aspeech during the seminar about GIS, emphasizing that spatialdata collection and its evaluation for information productionare subjects of current studies within the field of GIS. Headded that there has yet been no documented study about GISfor TRNC, but there are many databases maintained by differ-ent state departments and private enterprises that can be uti-lized in GIS studies towards the formation of a GIS infrastruc-ture in TRNC. He also stressed the necessity for qualified peo-ple to carry out such work, and the joint field work was astarting point towards this goal. An idea that emerged fromthis seminar was that the introduction of GIS courses at EMUstarting from undergraduate level progressing towards post-graduate is essential to catch up with the rest of the world inGIS market. News submitted by: Yücel Tandoğdu, Department ofMathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.

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At least one out of every three women around the world hasbeen beaten, coerced into sex, or otherwise abused in her life-time and the abuser usually is someone known to her. Violenceagainst women is a universal problem, close to an epidemic.One of the most pervasive human rights violations knowntoday is domestic violence, which devastates lives, debilitates

Research @ EMU

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International Conference on Mathematical Analysis,Differential Equations and Their Applications (MADD 08) washosted by the Department of Mathematics of EasternMediterranean University between 12-15 September 2008. Theconference was co-organized by three other universities,Mersin University, Turkey, National Taras ShevchenkoUniversity, Ukraine and Institute of Mathematics of theNational Academy of Science, Ukraine. MADD 2008 is thefourth conference organized in the field of mathematicalanalysis. The conference covered the subjects including func-tions of real and complex variables, approximation theory,functional analysis, harmonic analysis, integral transforma-tions, qualitative methods for differential equations, asymptoticmethods for differential equations, partial differential equa-tions, functional differential equations and stochastic equa-tions. Seventeen speakers were invited from thirteen differentcountries including Canada, France, Germany, Russia, Spain,Turkey, Ukraine and USA, and 130 speakers, coming from allaround the world, presented their research at the conference.Besides international participants, researchers from the EMUDepartment of Mathematics, Mustafa Riza, Suzan C. Buranay,Pembe Sabancıgil, Övgü Çıdar and Mustafa Hasanbulli, con-tributed to MADD 08 with their presentations. President UfukTaneri attended the closing ceremony of the conference anddistributed the certificates of appreciation to all participants.News submitted by: Mustafa Rıza, Department of Mathematics,Faculty of Arts and Sciences.

News Highlights

MADD 2008 Participants

after which students of the Department of Psychology organ-ized a forum. Ten volunteer students gave 2-3 minute presenta-tions whereby they voiced their opinions on the issue, bringingto light topics such as forced marriages, lack of education forgirls and sexism in the workplace. The event was concluded with the handing out of Turkish-English bilingual bookletstitled “Stop Domestic Violence” prepared by EMU-PDRAM.The Department of Psychology and EMU-PDRAM both aspiretowards the abolition of violence in the home and in theworld, strive to raise awareness around gender-based violence,and call for its elimination towards a just world for men andwomen alike. News submitted by: Biran Mertan, Department of Psychology,Faculty of Arts and Sciences & Psychological Counseling andResearch Center.

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On 3 December 2008 at the University of Cyprus, Nicosia, acolloquium exploring the role of contact and national identitiesin relation to intergroup relations between Greek-Cypriots andTurkish-Cypriots was organized by the Cyprus Association ofSocial Psychology. Throughout the colloquium titled “TheIntergroup Relations between Greek-Cypriots and Turkish-Cypriots: Social Psychological Perspectives on Contact andIdentities”, social scientists presented theoretical and empiricalpapers on recent advances in the field of Intergroup Contact.Questions and comments from the public followed the paneldiscussion. Intergroup Contact Theory developed by GordonAllport (1954), suggests that bringing members of differentgroups together can reduce prejudice and increase tolerance.Great developments have been made since Allport’s theory.Current models compare the effectiveness of different types ofcontact (namely ‘first-hand’ direct contact and ‘second-hand’indirect contact). They also explore the mediators of contacteffects on prejudice (‘how contact works’), including reducedintergroup anxiety and negative intergroup emotions, andincreased empathy, perspective-taking, and self-disclosure.Developments in the field were discussed in reference to theCyprus situation. A keynote address was initially given by theleading figure in the field of intergroup theory, MilesHewstone, Director of the Oxford Center for the study ofIntergroup Conflict, at the Department of ExperimentalPsychology, University of Oxford. In the first panel recentwork regarding Direct, Extended and Imagined Contact was


communities, and prevents development. On 19 October 1999,at the 17th meeting of the Third Committee during the 54th

session of the General Assembly, the representative of theDominican Republic on behalf of his country and 74 MemberStates, introduced a draft resolution calling for the designationof 25 November as the International Day for the Elimination ofViolence against Women. On the grounds of the above men-tioned draft resolution, the General Assembly would issue invi-tations for the organization of worldwide activities on that dayto raise public awareness of the problem of violence againstwomen. The draft expressed alarm that endemic violenceagainst women was impeding women’s opportunities to achievelegal, social, political and economic equality in society. TheAssembly would reiterate that the term "violence againstwomen" would refer to acts which may cause physical, sexualor psychological harm, whether in public or in private life.Women activists have since marked 25 November as a dayagainst violence. This date coincides with the brutal assassina-tion in 1960 of the three Mirabal sisters, who were politicalactivists in the Dominican Republic under orders of the thenruler Rafael Trujillo (1930-1961). It is for this reason that thisyear on 25 November 2008 on the International Day for theElimination of Violence against Women, EMU-PDRAM pio-neered and organized a panel and forum on the issue of domes-tic violence. This panel was chaired by EMU-PDRAM directorand Department of Psychology Chairperson Biran Mertan, psy-chologists Uğur Maner and Şenel Hüsnü Biçmen. They present-ed their work on the causes of domestic violence, influence ofthe media and myths and stereotypes regarding domestic vio-lence. Two lawyers, Pervin İpekçioğlu and Meryem Beşoğlualso contributed to the panel of experts by presenting casestudies and recent developments in the laws and regulations inNorth Cyprus. At the end of the panel the audience was giventhe opportunity to direct their questions to the panelists.Discussions were continued during a short break and cocktail,

Panelist Pervin İpekçioğlu

presented. Charis Psaltis and Miles Hewstone discussed theirresearch on the intergroup contact in Cyprus. They investigat-ed the effects of Cypriocentrism and Helleno/Turcocentrismdetermining that contact works best for persons high onCypriocentrism and for those low on Helleno/Turcocentrismcompared to those high on Helleno/Turcocentrism. An experi-mental research conducted by Maria Ioannou showed that as aresult of both direct and extended contact, changes in out-group attitudes was observed. EMU’s Şenel Hüsnü Biçmen, pre-sented her work on “Imagined Intergroup Contact” illustratingthat imagining intergroup contact can foster future contactintentions in several different targets outgroups. News submitted by: Şenel Hüsnü Biçmen, Department ofPsychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences & PsychologicalCounseling and Research Center.

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The EMU Senate meeting of 19 December 2008, approved theQuality Assurance System of EMU that was proposed byPresident Taneri. The approved system at EMU embraces par-ticipation of all course teaching teams, department chairs, fac-ulty deans, school directors in the efforts for improving thequality of courses at EMU. The system’s first effort is compil-ing the learning outcomes of over 2,500 undergraduate andgraduate courses at EMU. The Quality Assurance (QA) systemcomprises all that the university does in the process of educa-tion. A clear vision of learning outcomes elucidates this processand the work of both instructors and students. Learning out-comes describe what learners may be expected to know, under-stand and be able to do on a basis of a given qualification, aswell as how learners move between qualifications within aneducation system. The effort to clarify learning outcomes isurgent for EMU’s membership in the European HigherEducation Area (EHEA), which the Bologna Process aims tocreate by 2010. The EHEA allows the diversity of national sys-tems and universities to be maintained and, at the same time,improves transparency between higher education systems, aswell as implements tools to facilitate recognition of degreesand academic qualifications, mobility, and exchanges betweeninstitutions. The transformation to a sustainable quality systemwill be accomplished by three tasks. First, all course learningoutcomes will be compiled by the beginning of April 2009.Second, the program grading criteria and course assessmentwill be combined in practice with the learning outcomes bythe end of Fall Semester 2009. Third, the EMU QA documenta-tion will be submitted for external review by the end of SpringSemester 2010. By undertaking this work, the University will


identify its strengths and its unique potential for continuousimprovement in its service to the higher education communitywithin North Cyprus and internationally. News submitted by: Quality Assurance AdministrativeCommittee.

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Nilgün Hancıoğlu and John Eldridge of the General EducationDepartment, along with Ali Billuroğlu of the English Prepara-tory School and Steve Neufeld have been nominated for thehighly prestigious 2009 British Council Innovation Awards fortheir ongoing lexitronics research project on vocabulary profil-ing and frequency. Their work is one of only six shortlistedprojects in the international category, the winner of whichwill be announced at a special award ceremony in London,England in March 2009. Lexitronics is multi-faceted, but at itsheart is the premise that many students studying English as aforeign language suffer immense difficulties in understandingand communication, because they have failed to acquire an in-depth knowledge of the most frequently used word families. Inits research and practice, lexitronics seeks to persuade practi-tioners that far more systematic attention must be paid tovocabulary development if students are to succeed in dealingwith the demands of studying in an English medium environ-ment. News submitted by: Nilgün Hancıoğlu, Department of GeneralEducation.

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In 2007, an archaeological survey titled “Istanbul PrehistoricSurvey” was started by the Archaeology Department ofUniversity of Kocaeli, Turkey with the permissions of Turkey’sMinistry of Culture and Tourism and General Directorate ofCultural Heritage and Museums. Prehistoric survey was com-pleted by teams arranged from universities of Kocaeli, BristolUnited Kingdom and Istanbul. Geo-archaeological works,which started in 2008, have been sustained by University ofBristol and Yıldız Technical University teams. The underwatersurvey has been done by a team of researchers from EMU andCyprus International University. Vice director of EMUUnderwater Research and Imaging Center, Hakan Öniz workedon the underwater surveys as the underwater archaeologist.


Local municipalities of Avcılar, Küçükçekmece and Silivri ofIstanbul supported the teams as well. The underwater surveyteam used four different methods for their analyses under theleadership of Hakan Öniz. First method was the observation offormed blocks by traditional methods; secondly underwaterruins were observed through mask, palette and snorkel fromthe surface of water; thirdly the Side Scan Sonar was used. Thefourth method was determination of the ruins through analyz-ing satellite images of grass-shade marks. Finally, the teamalong with identified what they think could have been a light-house in the Küçükçekmece Lake, along with some ruins at thecoast of the lake partly under the water. This work has beenfeatured in the December 2008 issue of National Geographic,Turkey. News submitted by: Hakan Öniz, Underwater Research andImaging Center, Faculty of Communication.

Upcoming Research Events

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The 3rd International Symposium onUnderwater Research is scheduledto be held between 19 – 21 March2009 at EMU. The main themes thatwill be explored with respect tounderwater research include divingsafety, first aid, diving physiology,underwater visual census, behaviorof organisms, coral reefs, artificialreefs, marine pollution, develop-ments in diving technology, equip-ments, underwater vehicles, marine

systems design, coastal zone management, underwater marinemapping, and navigation. In addition, education and careers in

underwater technology and underwater documentation will bediscussed. Same as the previous two symposia, underwater pho-tography, visualization and image interpretation will be impor-tant parts of this event. Deadline for submitting full papers tothe 3rd International Symposium on Underwater Research is 5March 2009. For more details on this symposium, please con-tact conference organizers Burak Ali Çicek and Hakan Öniz [email protected] and [email protected], respec-tively. News submitted by: Burak Ali Çiçek, Underwater Research andImaging Center, Faculty of Communication.

Arts @ EMU

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EMU Music Department was announcedas a member of the AssociationEuropeenne des Conservatoires(Association of European Conservatoires -AEC) on 29 September 2008. This is anactive membership, which is only given tomusic academies, conservatoires andequivalent institutions in Europe, which fulfill the necessitiesof the professional education quality. The membership is givenas a result of comprehensive evaluations, covering the qualityof the program, the standard of personal music education, qual-ity and performance of the academic staff, student success andseveral other factors. The AEC comprises more than 248 musicinstitutions in more than 55 countries in and outside of Europe.The four members from Turkey are Hacettepe University,Bilkent University, Mimar Sinan University and AnadoluUniversity Conservatoires. News submitted by: Aslı Giray, Department of Music, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.

tion vector v with respect to objectivei, if fi(u) ≥ fi(v), and u is said to domi-nate v, denoted as u > v, if and only if

fi(u) ≥ fi(v) for i=1,2,…,j-1,j+1,…Kfj(u) > fj(v) for at least one 1<= j <= K.(2)

A common difficulty with multi-objective optimization problems is the


Engineering and Sciences Re

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Multiobjective optimization (MOO)framework provides more realistic for-mulation of many real-life problems,since a set solutions, rather than a sin-gle solution, exhibiting different formsof concession among multiple andoften conflicting objectives is providedas result of the optimization process(Coello, 1999; Deb, 1999; Alves &Climaco, 2000). Such a set of solutionsis commonly known as a Pareto-opti-mal set in which Pareto-optimality isdefined in terms of a dominance rela-tion between two solutions as follows:given two solutions u and v, u≠v, u issaid to dominate v, if u is not worsethan v in all objectives and u is strictlybetter than v for at least one objective.For example, for a maximization prob-lem (Fig. 1),

max f(x)=(f1(x), f2(x),…,fK(x))x=(x1,x2,…,xn) Є Rn

(1)solution vector u is better than solu-

presence of a number of conflictingobjectives and, in general, none of thefeasible solutions allow simultaneousoptimality for all objectives. Hence,any favorable Pareto-optimum pro-vides a solution exhibiting a subjectivecompromise between the problemobjectives. In order to find such asolution, classical methods transform amultiobjective optimization probleminto a single-objective one, throughdifferent scalarization and objectivecombination methods that includeserious drawbacks in terms of appro-priate representation of the real-worldproblem and quality of resulting solu-tions (Coello, 1999).

In the last few years, someadvanced MOO techniques have beenproposed in order to have bettermathematical models for real-worldproblems and increase the efficiencyof search within arbitrarily complexsolution spaces through providing aset of solutions rather than a singlesolution (Coello, 1999; Deb, 1999;Alves & Climaco, 2000; Villalobos etal., 2007; Baños et al,. 2007). Thesetechniques are generally based onsome metaheuristics such as SimulatedAnnealing, Evolutionary Algorithms,Tabu Search, Particle SwarmOptimization, Artificial ImmuneSystems, Cultural Algorithms and AntColony Optimization.

In this study, the use of the CrossEntropy (CE) method in multiobjec-tive optimization is presented. The CEmethod is a stochastic learning algo-rithm inspired by the concept of rare

Multi-Objective Optimization with Cross EntropyMethod: Stochastic Learning with Clustered ParetoFrontsBy Adnan Acan and Ahmet ÜnverenDepartment of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering

Ahmet Ünveren (left)and Adnan Acan

Fig. 1. Dominated and Nondominated pointsfor two objective maximization problems.

8

event simulations, which involve theestimation of parameters for a numberof probability distributions associatedwith some rare events. Application ofthe CE method is carried out in twophases. First, a sample of random datais generated using a family of proba-bility distribution functions. Secondly,parameters of the probability distribu-tion functions are updated on the basisof a performance metric on the gener-ated sample, so as to produce a bettersample at the next iteration.

In applications of the CE methodfor single objective optimization prob-lems, a subset of best performing sam-ples is extracted from a large set ofsamples and parameters of the under-lying probability distributions areadapted, based on the mean and stan-dard deviation of this subset of elitesamples. Since it is not objectivelyeasy to define elite individuals inMOO, we introduced the notion ofclustered nondominated solutions onthe Pareto front to adapt the probabil-ity distribution parameters in applyingCE method for MOO.

In principle, the set of all nondom-inated solutions is divided into clus-ters, using the fuzzy c-means (FCM)algorithm, and the statistical featuresof each cluster are used to adapt theparameters of an associated CEmethod. That is, associated with eachcluster, there is a dedicated CEmethod, which adapts itself using sta-tistical features of its cluster andexplores the solution space as directedby these features. Hence, each CEmethod is expected to find nondomi-nated solution within a particularregion of the Pareto boundary becauseclusters are determined based on theEuclidean distance measure by theFCM algorithm.

Due to the nature of the CEmethod, this strategy can be appliedequally well for numerical and combi-natorial optimizations. The mostimportant step in applying the CEmethod for function optimization is to

update the algorithm’s current param-eters in a way that the next data sam-ples will improve the performancemetric. In multiobjective functionoptimization, the set of nondominatedsolutions on the Pareto front is clearlythe best performing samples, becauseperformance of solutions is defined interms of dominance relations. Since inMOO, one looks for the set of globallynondominated solutions, it is naturalto consider the set of nondominatedsolutions at each iteration to extractfeatures required to update probabilitydensity function’s (pdf) parameters.However, since nondominated solu-tions are distributed along the Paretofront, guiding the CE method withfeatures extracted from the overall setmisleads the algorithm and causesexploration of nondominated solutionsin the middle of the Pareto frontmuch more frequently than comparedto tails towards the axis. This is anexpected phenomenon because takingmeans of samples over iterations caus-es pdf to take more and more samplestowards the middle of Pareto front. Inorder to overcome this problem, thepresented CE strategy partitions theset of nondominated solutions intoclusters using the FCM clusteringalgorithm (Duda, et al., 2001). FCMclusters data samples based on theEuclidean distance among samples.Samples within the vicinity of cluster

centers are grouped together. Thisway, each cluster combines locallycloser samples and carries characteris-tic information on a particular regionof the Pareto front. Depending on thenumber of clusters used, the CEmethod will be guided to explore thePareto boundary more uniformly, asdemonstrated by the experimentalevaluations below. Figure 2 exhibits aPareto boundary generated by theMOCE method using 3 clusters ofnondominated solutions, the arrowspoint possible improvement directionsfor a maximization problem.

As shown in figures 3 and 4 thepresented strategy clusters the set ofnondominated solutions on the Paretoboundary to better guide the CEmethod and lead uniform distributionof nondominated solutions (Unveren

research newsletter2008/4

Fig. 2. Nondominated set with 3 clusters

Fig. 3. Pareto fronts for test problem ZDT3


& Acan, 2007). Experimental evalua-tions using well known benchmarkinstances and comparisons with wellknown MOEA’s demonstrate thatMOCE performs better than its com-petitors for most of the test cases andit achieved equal success for a few ofthe others. Future research will be onthe use this approach for difficult mul-tiobjective combinatorial optimizationproblems.

REFERENCES

Baños, R., Gil, C., Paechter, B. &Ortega J. (2007). A Hybrid Meta-Heuristic for Multi-ObjectiveOptimization, MOSATS, 6(2), 213-230.

Coello, C. A. C.(1999). A comprehen-sive survey of evolutionary-based mul-tiobjective optimization, Knowledgeand Information Systems,1(3),269–308.

Deb, K. (1999). Multi-objective genet-ic algorithms: Problem difficulties andconstruction of test problems,

Evolutionary Computation, 7(3), 205–230.

Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E. & Stork, D. G.(2001). Pattern classification, JohnWiley & Sons, New York.

Alves, M. J. & Climaco, J. (2000). AnInteractive Method for 0-1Multiobjective Problems UsingSimulated Annealing and TabuSearch, Journal of Heuristics, 6(3),385-403.

Unveren, A. & Acan, A. (2007).Multiobjective Optimization withCross-Entropy Method: StochasticLearning with Clustered ParetoFronts, IEEE Congress onEvolutionary Computation, 25-28September 2007.

Villalobos-Arias, M. A., Pulido, G. T.& Coello, C. A. C. (2005). A proposalto use stripes to maintain diversity ina multi-objective particle swarm opti-mizer, Swarm IntelligenceSymposium, SIS 2005, Proceedings2005 IEEE.

Fig. 4. Pareto fronts for test problem DLZT

Adnan Acan worked as a lectur-er in Middle East TechnicalUniversity, Turkey between1983 and 1992. During 1993 hewas a visiting scholar at OhioState University, USA. In 1995he joined EMU ComputerEngineering Department as anAssistant Professor, where heacted as the Assistant Chairmanbetween 1996 and 1998. Heactively participated in founda-tion and administration commit-tees of EMU-Technopark andEMU Advanced TechnologyResearch and DevelopmentCenter. His current researchinterests include evolutionarycomputation, nature-inspiredcomputing, neural networks,classifier systems, and facerecognition. Acan is currentlysupervising one M.S. thesis andone Ph.D. thesis at theComputer EngineeringDepartment. For more informa-tion about this research project,please contact our researcher [email protected].

Ahmet Ünveren obtained hisPh.D. degree in 2002 from EMUComputer EngineeringDepartment. He has been teach-ing at the same department sincethen. In 2004, he was the ViceChairman of ComputerEngineering Department. Heparticipated in the organizationsof the TAINN 2001, BAS 2001and SIN 2007 conferences. Hiscurrent research interestsinclude MultiobjectiveOptimization, EvolutionaryAlgorithms, VLSI design androuting, Genetic Algorithms forVLSI Design and Routing andGraph Theory. For more infor-mation about this research proj-ect, please contact our researcher at [email protected].

About the Researhers


relations in Cyprus in the post-acces-sion process is expected to change asresponse to the positive climateemerged both in Cypriot domestic pol-itics and in international community.This expectation is fostered by thebelief that EU membership would havetransformed intercommunal relationsso as to encourage peaceful interac-tions between the conflicting actors.The positive role of the EU rests on its‘potential’ ‘to assist less conflictual co-existence’ of the two communities ofthe island (Diez, 2002). The EU is seenas an actor having potency to promote‘civic identity’ (Korostelina, 2008) andtherefore to provide appropriate politi-co-ideological environment towardsencouraging peaceful co-existence ofdiverse groups in a shared politicalsystem. This role of the EuropeanUnion has been substantiated partlywhen the Turkish-Cypriot authoritiesin Northern Cyprus began to revise the‘Cyprus history’ textbooks used in theTurkish-Cypriot secondary schoolsstarting from 2004. This attempt seemsto ‘contribute towards reconciliation’(Makriyianni & Psaltis, 2007) betweenthe two major communities in Cyprusand to promote new dynamics to healhistorical conflicts in the island. Theefforts aiming at revising school histo-ry-textbooks to encourage both peace-ful co-existence of communal entities

Effect of History Education onIntercommunal Relations

By Yücel VuralDepartment of Political SciencesFaculty of Business and Economics

Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences

Educational policies, the school envi-ronment, the content of the textbooksand classroom activities affect politicalsocialization of school children. Oneof the ways of understanding andexamining the intercommunal rela-tions is to study the role of formaleducation. I am specifically concernedwith the terminology by which inter-communal relations are narrated andwith the political implications of suchnarrations. The methods and waysused to describe the broader socio-political environment of the pupils areof crucial importance in shaping inter-communal relations in culturallydivided societies. History teachingappears to function as means of politi-cal socialization by which pupils areindoctrinated into specific identitycategories. As Baranovic and coleaguesargues history-teaching ‘in regionsthat are in the process of post-warsocial reconstruction becomes anextremely sensitive and controversialissue which can involve emotions, dif-fering and very often opposingapproaches and interpretations ofevents…’(Baranovic et al., 2007. p.455). History teaching in the twomajor communities of Cyprus was seenand used as an instrument to propa-gate feelings of enmity between thetwo communities.

The nature of intercommunal

and reconciliation in deeply dividedsocieties usually focus on the alter-ation of the narratives of history thatpropagate hostility against the ‘other’.

The new history-textbooks usedin Turkish Cypriot secondary schoolsreject the ethnocentric approaches ofthe old textbooks and attempt to useobjective knowledge in history teach-ing. Moreover, the new textbooksattempt to change the perceptions ofintercommunal relations by alteringradically the narratives on identity,homeland, the ‘other’, and civic inte-gration. No less important than thoserevisions is the role of teachers teach-ing the textbooks. Therefore it can beargued that pupils’ perceptions ofintercommunal relations are signifi-cantly correlated with the teachers’political-ideological orientations.Those teachers who adopt and use aninclusive/conciliatory terminology inintercommunal relations would teachhistory differently from those teacherswho adopt an exclusive/nonconcilia-tory terminology. Therefore onewould expect the perceptions of thepupils would differ markedly due todifferences in teaching practices.Revisions made in ‘Cyprus history’textbooks by the ‘TRNC’ Ministry ofNational Education and Culturereceived both positive and negativereactions from political circles.

Rese

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Yücel Vural


Academic works, on the other hand,focused both on ‘strengths’ and ‘weak-nesses’ of the new history school-books. To show their strengths it wasargued that the new textbooks softenthe boundaries between the “self” andthe “other” (Vural & Ozuyanik, 2008),narrate the history of Turkish-Cypriots without perceiving Greek-Cypriots as others (Kizilyurek, 2007)and ‘avoid treating groups as homoge-neous, and pay considerable attentionto social history’ (Papadakis, 2008).

The new ‘Cyprus History’ text-books began to be used in 2004 innorthern Cyprus. The entire contentsof the new textbooks seemed to initi-ate a series of novelties in the sensethat they emphasize civic elements inTurkish Cypriot collective identity,present the whole island of Cyprus asthe homeland of Turkish-Cypriots,and provide a conciliatory terminolo-gy in narrating history and intercom-munal relations. Such revisions haveprovoked both positive and negativecriticism in Turkish-Cypriot commu-nity and have been focused for aca-demic analysis. The impacts of therevisions on the teachers’ and pupils’perceptions of history however werenot studied at all. This research aimsto examine the initial effects of therevised history textbooks based onempirical evidence.

The data of this study comesfrom the responses of almost all‘Cyprus history’ teachers (N= 52) of9th and 10th graders in public andprivate secondary schools in TRNCand a randomly selected sample oftheir students (N=213, 9th and 10thgraders) to a questionnaire. Totally 17public and 4 private secondary schoolswere included in the survey. A stan-dard questionnaire form consisting of35 multiple-choice questions wereused to elicit relevant empirical data.A group of EMU students worked vol-untarily in data-collection process.The TRNC ‘Ministry for NationalEducation and Culture’ and schoolauthorities provided valuable assis-

tance in organizing and conducting thesurvey.

My research summarizes the ter-minology employed by the old andnew history textbooks on intercommu-nal relations and measures perceptionsof identity, the homeland, the otherand civic integration. The researchpresents results of statistical analysisbearing on questions about how pupilsand teachers perceive intercommunalrelations.

REFERENCES

Baranović, B., Jokić, B. & Doolan, K.(2007). Teaching history in a postwarsocial context - the case of theCroatian Danube region, InterculturalEducation, 18(5), 455 – 471.

Diez, T. (2002). Why the EU cannonetheless be good for Cyprus,JEMIE: Journal of Ethnopolitics andMinority Issues in Europe, 2, 1- 18.

Kizilyurek, N., (Interview with NiyaziKizilyurek), Yenidüzen 21 May 2007.

Korostelina, K. (2008). HistoryEducation and Social Identity,Identity, 8(1), 25-45.

Makriyianni, C. & Psaltis C. (2007).The teaching of history and reconcilia-tion, The Cyprus Review, 19(1), 43-69.

Papadakis, Y. (2008). HistoryEducation in Divided Cyprus: AComparison of Greek Cypriot andTurkish Cypriot Schoolbooks on theHistory of Cyprus, PRIO Report,International Peace Research Institute:Oslo.

Vural, Y. & Ozuyanik E. (2008).Redefining identity in the Turkish-Cypriot school history textbooks: Astep towards a united federal Cyprus,South EuEuropean Society and Politics, 13(2), 133-154.

Yücel Vural obtained his Ph.D.degree in 1997 from AnkaraUniversity, Turkey, on PoliticalScience and PublicAdministration. He has beenteaching at EMU Business andEconomics Faculty since 1993. Hehad many administrative duties.He was a member of the EMU AdHoc Committee, Vice Rector in2004, and Chairman of theDepartment of Political Sciencesbetween the years of 2006 and2007. Vural served as a BRTExecutive Board member in 2004.He took part in establishment ofTurkish Cypriot Human RightsFoundation in 2005 and PoliticalScience Association in 2006. Formore information about thisresearch project, please contactour researcher [email protected].

About the Researher


Social change in the community, the dif-ferences and similarities among the sub-cultures of a society, and the rotation offamily life can be observed within thedwelling. The relationship betweendwelling and household is an interactiveprocess where both the dwelling and theusers change, transform and adapt toeach other. If this type of union is estab-lished this will produce a sustainabledwelling, a sustainable environment thatis appropriate for a sustainable life.Within this framework, the aim of ourstudy is to find out how the spatialorganizations of rural dwellings ofNorthern Cyprus are sustained within therural environments through change andtransformation.

Rapoport, claims that on a world-wide scale, the development of dwellingsis affected by the lifestyles of people andtheir family structures; although headmits this is not true for every group ofpeople (Rapoport, 2005). For example,

within a city the design of the dwellingsis somewhat contextual; therefore, certaininstitutional limitations are requiredwhich make it almost impossible for thedwelling of the household to undergo anydrastic changes. In contrast to this, ruralareas do not have these types ofrestraints. Dwellings within the ruralareas are more likely to be closer togethereither in modular or linear designs and,therefore, are more susceptible to change.In other words, these types of dwellingsprovide and support the capability oftransformation.

When planning a series of dwellingswithin the desired area, environmentmust be taken into account. The forms ofrural dwellings are designed in accor-dance with the needs and the importanceof the area. Rural dwellings generallytend to be organic and pragmatic. Ratherthan concentrating on materialistic designand decoration, the dwellings are mostlydesigned with a focus on functional

requirements (Kirsaan & Cagdas, 2004).The architecture of the buildings is plainand simple without any splendourobservable on the facade. Materials usedare generally those which can be foundwithin the rural areas, such as stone,adobe and wood. The most common typeof rural house in Northern Cyprus is cus-tomarily a two story house with a rectan-gular or a prism shaped garden next to it.The shape of the house with its gardencan take on the form of an ‘I’, ‘L’ or ‘U’.The economy and income of the ruralarea dwelling tends to depend on farmingand agriculture. For that reason, an openarea of land next to the dwelling is anecessity for these types of houses.Houses within a rural area tend to bedesigned and situated within the gardenso that there is a courtyard at the front ofthe house. The dwellings are organized inthe form of an open space- the courtyard,a semi-open space- the sundurma and aclosed space- the dwelling unit(Dincyurek, 2002; Pulhan, 1997; Turker,2002; Turker & Dincyurek, 2007 ). It isapparent that the dwelling units aredesigned in accordance with the climateof the country, although when there is anextremely hot climate it is clear that thegarden areas are commonly used.

In Northern Cyprus most architectstake into consideration the significantfactors of other rural areas in order todesign environment-friendly buildingswithout disturbing the nature. One of thegood examples of such areas is the villageBüyükkonuk (Kom-i Kebir). This particu-lar village is situated in Northern Cyprus

Sustainability through Spatial Adaptationand Transformation in the VernacularHouses of Büyükkonuk

Leyla ÇınarDepartment of Interior Architecture Faculty of Architecture

Department of Interior Architecture

Leyla Çınar (left), with hersupervisors Özlem Olgaç Türker(middle), and Türkan U. Uraz

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along the perimeter of the flat landsbelow the mountains. Büyükkonuk typi-cally reflects how a rural area has beenchanged and reorganized in the processof becoming more of an urban area.There are three distinctive varieties ofdwellings within this area; in our study,we identify these as ‘unit without hall’,‘the unit with outer hall’ and ‘the unitwith inner hall’ as shown in Figure 1.

In this study, using space syntax tech-niques, we analyse examples of originalrural houses that have been subjected tochange and how they have influenced thearea. Space syntax, as an architecturaltheory, was developed by Bill Hillier andhis colleagues in 1980 at UniversityCollege London, in order to demonstratehow the architectural designs would

work and impinge on the surroundingareas (Hillier & Hanson, 1984). Today,space syntax is widely used in the fieldsof architecture, urban design and plan-ning, communication, interior design,archaeology, information technology,regional and population geography, anthropology, landscape architecture anddata processing (Hanson, 1998). Concrete

scientific data is obtained when using thespace syntax method. Constructing con-figuration models, analysing change inthe spatial organisation of dwellings, and identifying spatial depths are possiblewith this method. As a result, it isthought that this method provides astrong foundation for the research ontransformation and changeability of the

habitation by comparing spatial relation-ships in the original with those in thetransformed dwellings.

The first step in our analysis involvestaking the three types of dwellings andwithin each type analysing the spatialconfiguration of the original form and thetransformed form. These are handled byusing the space syntax method where thedwellings were able to be improved with-out becoming too modernized and isolat-ed from other dwellings within the vicin-ity. Every dwelling has a Mean Depth(MD), which conveys the depth of allareas within the system, a RelativeAsymmetry (RA), which conveys the dis-tance between the areas within the sys-tem and a Real Relative Asymmetry(RRA), which conveys the differencescontained within each space. MD, RAand RRA values facilitate the calculationsfor the most integrated and segregatedareas. The transitional graphics, there-fore, are designed in accordance with thestreet areas (Figs. 2, 3, 4). Figure 2 showsthe original and transformed plans andtheir justified graphs for a unit without ahall. Original and transformed plans andtheir justified graphs for a unit with anouter hall and those for a unit with aninner hall are shown in Figures 3 and 4,respectively.

Figure 1: The typology of rural vernacular Cyprus house

Unit without hall Unit with outer hall Unit with inner hall

(a) Original plan and justified graphs (b) Transformed plan and justified graphs

Fig. 2: Analysis of a vernacular house in Büyükkonuk village: A unit without a hall


Future directions for this work willinclude two main subject areas. Firstly,we will focus on how spatial structure inrural areas are subject to change withina rapidly changing world, and how thesechanges are associated with socio-cul-

tural, socio-economical, and technologi-cal advances. Secondly, we will docu-ment how much the changes have trans-formed the building from its originalstate. Overall, our approach will exposehow a sustainable rural dwelling can be

subjected to variability and transforma-tion. My graduate studies at theDepartment of Interior Architecture isbeing supervised by Türkan U. Uraz andÖzlem Olgaç Türker.


Fig. 3: Analysis of a vernacular house in Büyükkonuk village: A unit with outer hall


Fig. 4: Analysis of a vernacular house in Büyükkonuk village: A unit with an inner hall

S: Street, Cy: Courtyard, A: Arcade (Sundurma), R: Room1,2,3,…, Lr: Living room, Br: Bedroom, Pr: Parent room, Cr: Child room, K: Kitchen,C: Corridor, H: Hall, Str: Study room, By: Backyard, Br: Bathroom, Br/WC: Bathroom/WC, St: Storehouse, Dt: Depot, Ld: Laundry, Pry: Pantry, T: Terrace,


REFERENCES

Dincyurek, O. (2002). The RuralVernacular Architecture of Cyprus(Northern), Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis,July 2000, EMU Faculty of Architecture,Gazimağusa.

Hanson, J. (1998). Decoding Homes andHouses, Cambridge University Press, UK.

Hillier, B. & Hanson, J. (1984). The SocialLogic of Space, Cambridge UniversityPress, First Published, New York.

Kirsan, C. & Cagdas, G. (2004). EtnikKimlik ve Evsel Mekan, İ.T.Ü MimarlıkFakültesi, Mimarlık Bölümü, KonutDeğerlendirme Sempozyumu.

Pulhan, H. (1997). Influences of theCultural Factors on Spatial Organizationof the Traditional Turkish Houses ofNicosia, Unpublished M.Arch Thesis,Faculty of Architecture of EasternMediterranean University, Gazimağusa.

Rapoport, A. (2005). Culture,Architecture, and Design. Architecturaland Planning Research Book Series,Andrew D. Seidel, Series Editor, Print inthe United States of America.

Turker, O. O. (2002). A Model for theConservation and Continuity of aVernacular Settlement: Kaplıca Village,North Cyprus, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis,July 2000, EMU Faculty of Architecture,Gazimağusa.

Turker, O. O. & Dincyurek, O. (2007).Learning from Traditional BuiltEnvironment of Cyprus: Re-Interpretation of the Contextual Values,Building and Environment, 42(9), 3384-3392.

Leyla Çınar was born in Trabzon,Turkey. After graduating fromthe EMU Department of InteriorArchitecture in 2001, she pur-sued her M.Arch. degree in thesame department and obtained aResearh Assistant position. HerM.Arch. thesis was titled “AnErgonomic Evaluation forInterior Space of Housing Units.”Since 2003, she has been contin-uing her postgraduate program inthe same department, and cur-rently working on her Ph.D. dis-sertation titled “Sustainabilitythrough Spatial Adaptation andTransformation in the VernacularHouses of Büyükkonuk” underthe co-supervision of Türkan U.Uraz and Özlem Olgaç Türker.For more information about thisresearch project, please contactour researcher [email protected].

About the Researcher


� WWhheerree aarree yyoouu ffrroomm?? WWhheenn ddiidd yyoouu ffiirrsstt aarrrriivvee aatt EEMMUU,,NNoorrtthh CCyypprruuss?? WWhhaatt wweerree yyoouurr iinniittiiaall tthhoouugghhttss aanndd iiddeeaass wwhheennyyoouu ffiirrsstt aarrrriivveedd??

I am Iranian and I came to North Cyprus in February 2007.The first thing that I saw when I arrived here was a smalltown with a very big campus. I was impressed by the largecampus of EMU. In addition, I was comforted by the hospi-tality of the people here.

� PPlleeaassee tteellll uuss aa bbiitt aabboouutt yyoouurr eedduuccaattiioonnaall bbaacckkggrroouunnddbbeeffoorree EEMMUU..

During my highschool education in Pishgam Highschool inIran, I discovered my interest in Physics and Mathematics. Idecided to pursue my undergraduate education in the field ofengineering. I passed the university entrance examination inIran and got admitted to Azad University to studyMechanical Engineering (Heat and Fluids) in 2001. Shortlyafter I finished my Bachelor’s degree, I worked with an NGOorganization called The Iranian Society for Improvement ofUniversity-Industry Relations, which tries to enhance therelationship between the universities and industries. I wasresponsible for the student committee which arranged con-ferences to promote these relationships.

� YYoouu hhaavvee oobbttaaiinneedd aa ppaatteenntt ffoorr yyoouurr rreesseeaarrcchh wwoorrkk wwhheennyyoouu wweerree aann uunnddeerrggrraadduuaattee ssttuuddeenntt.. CCoouulldd yyoouu tteellll uuss aa bbiitt aabboouutttthhaatt??

After taking undergraduate courses covering topics such asInternal Combustion Engine, Auto Mechanic Workshop,Fuel and Combustion, and Heat Transfer, I discovered aninteresting area for my undergraduate project about a newdesign of variable valve actuation for improvement of fueleconomy, emission and performance. It was about varyingthe engine valve-open duration, lift and phasing. When vehi-cles work at low speed and with low load, they need fewerair/fuel mixture than when they work with full load. Theresult is more fuel consumption and emission. Varying theengine valve-open duration, lift and phasing are known waysto improve engine performance, increase fuel economy andlower emissions, and therefore have been the subjects of con-siderable work. My design for the variable engine valve waspatented by the Emblem of Iran, Registry of Companies andIndustrial Ownership. This project was supervised by MahdiHamzei and co-supervised by Tuba Oktucu from Middle EastTechnical University, Ankara, Turkey. It led me to obtainthe best honorary degree for a B.Sc. project.

� HHooww ddiidd yyoouu ddeecciiddee ttoo ccoommee ttoo EEMMUU?? AAnndd wwhheerree ddiidd yyoouuhheeaarr aabboouutt EEMMUU??

After I completed my undergraduate degree, I worked as ateacher for one year and after that, I decided to pursue myMaster’s program at EMU. Actually, I heard about EMU frommy classmates during my undergraduate days. Also the regu-lar advertisements of EMU locally run in Iran contributed toits popularity.

� CCoouulldd yyoouu iinnttrroodduuccee tthhee ttooppiicc ooff yyoouurr ggrraadduuaattee ssttuuddiieess hheerreeaatt EEMMUU ffoorr oouurr rreeaaddeerrss??

After taking the Advance Heat Transfer course and furtherstudies on heat transfer, I decided to work on “Evaluation ofThermo-physical Properties of Nanofluids” as my M.Sc.research project. As the technology progresses, the high-techindustries working on things such as microelectronic deviceslike electronic chips, laser applications or similar high-energydevices go to miniaturization and the need of increasing theheat flux becomes obvious. A major limitation is the low

Mechanical Engineering Graduate Student Mohammad R. Azizian

Mohammad R. Azizian

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DDuurriinngg hhiiss uunnddeerrggrraadduuaattee ssttuuddiieess,, MMoohhaammmmaadd RR..AAzziizziiaann oobbttaaiinneedd aa ppaatteenntt ffoorr hhiiss ddeessiiggnn ooff vvaarriiaabblleeeennggiinnee vvaallvveess ffoorr ccaarrss.. AAzziizziiaann cchhoossee EEMMUU ffoorr hhiissMMaasstteerr’’ss ddeeggrreeee iinn MMeecchhaanniiccaall EEnnggiinneeeerriinngg.. WWeeaasskkeedd hhiimm aabboouutt hhiiss rreesseeaarrcchh eexxppeerriieennccee aatt EEMMUU..


thermal characteristic of ordinary fluids that are used forheat transfer. Nanofluids, a new class of solid/liquid suspen-sions, offer scientific challenges because their measured ther-mal conductivity is superior to traditional heat transfer flu-ids. My master’s thesis is under the supervision of HikmetAybar of EMU Mechanical Engineering Department and isco-supervised by Tuba Oktucu from Middle East TechnicalUniversity. In addition, we have established the NanofluidResearch Group in Mechanical Engineering Department atEMU. At the moment, we have a very good cooperation withsome professors from different institutions such as WenhuaYu of Argonne National Laboratory, USA, T. Pradeep ofIndian Institute of Technology, Madras, and BehdadMoghtaderi of University of Newcastle, Australia.

� WWhhaatt kkiinnddss ooff pprroojjeeccttss aarree yyoouu iinnvvoollvveedd iinn wwiitthhiinn yyoouurrddeeppaarrttmmeenntt bbeessiiddeess yyoouurr MM..SScc.. pprroojjeecctt??

Presently, I work as a Research Assistant with Uğur Atikol inEnergy Research Center of Mechanical EngineeringDepartment. We got a Hybrid Solar-Hydrogen car designproject that was Funded by EMU Technology DevelopmentCenter in 2008. In this project, we desinged a car that makesuse of solar energy and hydrogen at the same time. In addi-tion, it has a water tank on board from which hydrogen isgenerated by an electrolyzer in emergency cases. Anotherproject that I have been involved in at the Energy ResearchCenter was on analysis of the feasibility of high performancewindows in Cyprus.

� WWoouulldd yyoouu ssaayy tthhaatt EEMMUU hhaass mmaaddee aa ddiiffffeerreennccee iinn yyoouurr lliiffee??Well, as I am gradually approaching to the end of my studieshere at EMU, I notice that in my social and academic life, Ihave been supported by all my instructors and research assis-tants of my department, who in various ways have playedconstructive roles in my education. They also made my life,

as a member of the Mechanical Engineering family, a veryinteresting and memorable experience.

� WWhhaatt aarree yyoouurr sshhoorrtt--tteerrmm ppllaannss aafftteerr yyoouu oobbttaaiinn yyoouurr MM..SScc..ddeeggrreeee??

I am seriously thinking about pursuing a Ph.D. degree in thearea of heat transfer and nanofluids. I have received fullscholarships from University of Melbourne in Australia andUniversity of Surrey in United Kingdom for graduate study.I think that having a master’s degree from EMU has providedme with a lot of opportunities to continue my Ph.D. studiesin Europe or elsewhere. After obtaining my Ph.D. degree, Iplan to start lecturing at a university.

� DDoo yyoouu hhaavvee aannyy mmeessssaaggeess ffoorr oouurr pprroossppeeccttiivvee ggrraadduuaattee ssttuu--ddeennttss??

I would encourage them to work hard and share their ideaswith the faculty members in order to bring out the best inthem. At EMU there is a nice environment for research andgood communication between faculty members and students,which makes it easier for students to fulfill their dreams.Based on my experience as a graduate student, I would rec-ommend EMU to any prospective student.

� FFiinnaallllyy wwoouulldd yyoouu lliikkee ttoo aadddd aannyytthhiinngg eellssee??I would like to thank members of EMU family, particularlyMechanical Engineering Department members, who havegreatly contributed to my education here. Lastly, my parentsand my brother have always supported my academic efforts.They have always encouraged me to be unyielding and pur-sue any responsibility to the end. I would like to acknowl-edge their contribution to my academic success.

...share this inteview with your undergraduate students? Please directthem to http://research.emu.edu.tr.

WHY DON’T YOU...


In Fall 2008, EMU approved financial support for eighteen dif-ferent Type-B research projects for a total of 291,150 YTL.Following is the list of projects, principal investigators,researchers, specific amount granted per project and a shortproject overview. We congratulate our researchers and wishthem continued success.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Arif Akkeleş

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss: Filiz Bilen, Tibor Illes, Peter Kas

AAmmoouunntt AAwwaarrddeedd:: 13,000 YTL

PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Complexity Analysis of General LinearComplementarity Problems and Their Effective ComputerApplications

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: In a recent article, T. Illés, M. Nagy and T.Terlaky have developed a new concept about the solvability ofgeneral linear complementarity problems. This solution con-cept is closely related with Existentially Polytime Theorems(EP-theorems), which was developed by Cameron andEdmonds in 1989 for some combinatorial optimization prob-lems. Many interesting applications in real life, such as marketbalance point and games, are modeled by linear complementar-ity problems. Effective digital solutions of these models aredemanded by many researchers. This project has four mainaims. Firstly, improving interior point algorithms for generallinear complementarity problems will be targeted. Secondly,codification of different variations of interior point and criss-cross algorithms for understanding and developing the practi-cal effectivity of these methods will be investigated. Thirdly,some testing problems for the general linear complementarityproblems will be constructed. Lastly, an actual list of applica-tions modeled by general linear complementarity problems willbe formed.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Mesude Atay and Özlem Çaykent


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Child Upbringing in Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: This project aims to reveal the history and cul-ture of childhood in Cyprus during 1930-60s. It will be a pre-liminary analysis of the concept of child upbringing as well as

the factors that influence the perception of it. It is also hopedthat as a result of this project it will be possible to define thehistorical and social transformation of the upbringing of chil-dren within the Turkish-Cypriot community. The fact that theproject is a first of its kind on the Island makes the undertakingeven more important and necessary. Certainly, childhood is aspecial and an important structural component of societies. Notonly does culture shape children, but also children play a cru-cial role in shaping culture. Thus, this study becomes a mirrorto social life. The data on children’s upbringing will be collect-ed mainly by interviews within certain age groups and the fol-lowing are expected to be understood: ceremonies, celebra-tions, beliefs and childhood customs, games and toy, schoolsand teachers, manners, education and discipline types withinthe family, family relations, friendship, nutrition, clothing,child labor, designing home environment according to theneeds of children, and examples of children’s songs, fairy tales,and stories.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Işık Aybay

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Fahriye Altınay Aksal, Zehra Altınay Gazi


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Organizational and Pedagogical Developments inDistance Education Institutes and Programs based on EUANorms

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: This project aims at contributing to the distanceeducation in TRNC under the light of European UniversitiesAssociation norms, which highlight the distance education'scontribution to the development of universities. The projectconsists of several parts; encouraging registration to distanceeducation institutes, developing students' critical thinking abil-ities through designing online lectures, improving the qualifi-cations of teachers, and improving the student-teacher and stu-dent-student communication. The project also covers seminars,workshops, and information gathering techniques such as focusgroup, documentary analysis and interviews.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Rza Bashirov

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Hüseyin Lort


Fall 2008 EMU Type-B Award Recipients


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Implementing CP-net to Decide on PermutationAdmissibility

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: A new approach for investigating permutationadmissibility problem – a challenging problem of switchingtheory - is proposed. The main idea is to reduce permutationadmissibility problem into marking reachability in Petri netsand then use Petri net analysis methods to decide on permuta-tion admissibility. It is quite often that unfolding techniqueresults in complete unfoldings that are exponential in the sizeof original CP-net. This is known as “state explosion” and leadsto memory overflow. GreatSPN software tool will be used tocreate optimized complete unfoldings, and the results ofunfolding will be verified with TINA and HELENA softwaretools. Marking reachability will be decided on by using MAT-LAB.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Süha Bayındır

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Mert Bal, Hülya Francis, Michael Francis,Hüseyin Kusetoğulları


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: The Design and Implementation of a 3Dimensional Geographical Information System for UniversityCampuses

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: The aim of this project is to develop a 3Dimensional (3D) Geographical Information System (GIS) forUniversity Campuses. The first application is creating a geo-graphical referenced 3D map of the EMU Campus. This studywill make it easier to reach the infrastructural information ofthe university campus and will contribute to the moderniza-tion of the campus. The campus maps will be related to thespatial based information systems, and 3D maps and verbalinformation systems will be installed on the computers whichwill be placed at different places within the campus. Aftercompleting the 3D Campus GIS model, detailed informationabout dormitories and administrative buildings, parking lots,sport activity places, roads, electricity and water connections,internet and telephone nets will be included according to thegeographical references, so that these infrastructural informa-tion will be observed by the related administrative unit.Moreover, all visual and printed information regarding theinfrastructure services will be monitored continuously on digi-tal maps and hence any infrastructural problem will be detect-ed and fixed in the shortest time. The 3D University CampusGIS Model developed in this project could easily be applied toother university campuses in North Cyprus.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Huriye Bilsel


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee: Assessment of Liquefaction Potential andPotential for Cyclic Failure of Tuzla Soils

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: Seismically induced soil liquefaction is a leadingcause of damage and loss during earthquakes. This naturalearthquake phenomenon is a function of the liquefactionresistance of soils in relation to the cyclic stress induced byground shaking. The objective of this project is to define thelikelihood of initiation of seismically induced soil liquefactionin Tuzla soils. Tuzla is a development area on alluvial depositsof the delta of River Pedieos (Kanli Dere) in Famagusta Bay.The saturated alluvial subsoil deposits encountered in thisregion consist of very weak silts, and sands. Tremendousincrease in construction activities in Famagusta Bay is alarmingsince soil investigations are most of the time ignored and nosoil mitigation is done before the commencement of construc-tion activities. Therefore, liquefaction potential in suspectedregions should be reliably assessed, as it can be a significanthazard. Within the scope of this project, the soils susceptible toliquefaction in Tuzla will be determined by the investigation ofthe soil samples obtained from the exploratory boreholes, andby using the Standard Penetration Test and Cone PenetrationTest (CPT) results. Laboratory methods will involve series ofstatic and cyclic triaxial tests. The cyclic tests are planned to beimplemented in Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey. A series of bore holes will be selected in the vicinityof the CPT locations, and samples recovered will be tested todetermine physical and engineering properties. Some selectedundisturbed samples will be preserved and transported toMiddle East Technical University to be subjected to cyclic tri-axial testing.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Naciye Doratlı

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Resmiye Alpar Atun, Mukaddes Fasl, ŞebnemHoşkara, Nil Paşaoğulları Şahin, Beşer Oktay Vehbi


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Reading Girne Avenue in the Walled City ofNicosia: Morphological Transformation Process (1881-2008)

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: Located in the middle of the island, the WalledCity Nicosia has been divided into two by a green line/bufferzone since 1963. Girne Avenue in the north and Ledra Streetin the south of the buffer zone are the two important arteries,


which have changed in parallel with the socio-economical andpolitical changes that the city and the island have been facedwith, and have witnessed the social history of both societies.Especially Girne Avenue has a special importance in the strug-gle for existence period of the Turkish Community. The mainpurpose of this project is to write a book, which documents thespatial changes and developments of both arteries since theKitchener Map which dates back to 1880, through consultingthe old pictures, documents, maps, and interviews with people,who have witnessed the changes. The first step of the projectwill be limited only to the Girne Avenue. This initial stepincludes identification of the changes at parcel scale on theavenue since 1880, collecting old pictures, and interviews withthe first person witnesses. The second step involves the prepa-ration and publication of a book. Afterwards the same proce-dure is aimed to be applied to the Ledra Street.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Mustafa Gazi

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: İlhan Dalcı

AAmmoouunntt AAwwaarrddeedd: 19,850 YTL

PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Examining the Potential Use of Frying Oil Wastefor Producing Biodiesel in TRNC

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: Experts suggest that oil reserves in the worldwill be finished by 2040. Therefore, it is vital to look for alter-native energies. Biodiesel is an alternative to diesel that is pro-duced from petrol. The main difference between diesel andbiodiesel is that while diesel is a fossil fuel which is finishing,biodiesel is renewable and reproducable since it is producedfrom agricultural activities and recycling oil wastes. Biodieselhas been mixed into diesel fuel at %2 in European Union (EU)countries. According to the “White Book”, which is shaped bythe EU Energy politics, the amount of biodiesel in diesel fuel isaimed to be increased to a level of %5.75 in 2010 and to a levelof %20 in 2020. In this sense, it is important to recycle the oilwastes for biodiesel production, since it will decrease the highcosts of biodiesel and protect the environment. In this project,examination of the potential use of oil wastes for production ofbiodiesel will be investigated. Firstly the capacity of oil wasteswill be measured. After determining the characteristics of thewaste, such as its water content, acid amount and viscosity,production of biodiesel from the waste will be carried out atthe laboratory.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Şebnem O. Hoşkara

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Kağan Günce


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee: Industrial Architectural Heritage: Re-Functioningof Sanayi Holding Building for Culture and Art

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: Re-functioning of old industrial buildings,which have lost their functions but keep their identity, hasrecently been a common subject of investigation. Consideringthat these strong buildings’ physical features are more durablethan their function, it is advantageous for cultural and econom-ical aspects to re-use and re-function them. Sanayi Holdingbuilding, located in Nicosia, has the potential to be a center forculture and art, housing educational and recreational activities.In North Cyprus, original and independent places, especiallyfor visual arts, are needed. Building of Sanayi Holding has gotthe required features. Re-functioning such buildings for cultur-al and artistic purposes can be achieved through the followingsteps. The first step is the preparation of the structural analysisand relief documentation; the second step involves studio workand preparation of drawing projects together with artists andrelated people; third and fourth steps involve finalizing thedrawing projects by making detailed proposals; and the laststep covers documentation of the finalized project.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Gökhan İzbırak

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Emine Atasoylu, Haluk S. Balkan, Nirmal S.Kambo, Nureddin Kırkavak, Adham Mackieh, Hasan H. Önder,Alagar Rangan, Bela Vizvari


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Solid Waste Recycling Project

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: This project is about solid waste recycling whichaims to minimize the effects of solid wastes produced inGazimağusa and their damage to the environment. The world’seconomy is dependent upon consumption and natural resourcesare not unlimited. Garbage is the inevitable result of consump-tion and it is not easy for nature to turn it into reusable sourcesin a short span of time. One of the suitable ways to protect theexisting sources and to prevent the garbage from breakingdown the balance of ecology is to turn the garbage into usableraw materials and/or energy. The purpose of this project is tocollect garbage, transport it, and design the facilities fordecomposing and recycling the wastes, which are harmful tothe ecology of TRNC. The ultimate aim is to turn them intousable materials. Decomposing biological wastes from the hardand moist matters such as paper, glass, metal, natural matters in


order to gain energy and fertilizers will be investigated. In afeasibility pilot investigation, decomposition-recycling invest-ment and management costs will be observed together with thedamage that the materials cause to the ecosystem when theyare not processed.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Osman Kükrer

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Mohammed Sukri Ahmad, Aykut Hocanın


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Interference Reduction through AdaptiveFiltering

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: Algorithms used for recursive updating of adap-tive filter parameters can be divided into two groups as opti-mization based algorithms and recursive least squares basedalgorithms. The main purpose of this project is to apply anadaptive filtering technique (Frequency-Response-ShapedLMS) which has been developed by the researchers of the proj-ect, for solving problems that require digital processing. Someof these problems are acoustic noise reduction, reduction ofinterference that arises particularly in communication systems,and reduction of correlated noise in image processing. For thesolution of these problems, real time experimental systems willbe established and the behavior of adaptive filters developedfor such applications will be observed in real time. Developingnew algorithms for the solution of related problems is also tar-geted.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Fatma Güven Lisaniler

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Hanife Aliefendioğlu, İrem Beyli, Nurten Kara,Alheri Bawa Magaji


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Women and Environment: Towards a SustainableDevelopment in North Cyprus

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: It is known that issues about sustainable devel-opment, protection of environment and natural resources, andreduction of socio-economic inequality are related to eachother. Gender roles and equality are usually ignored, althoughthey are known as components of a unity in society. This proj-

ect aims at protecting the environment by creating alternativeenvironment-friendly occupations, and strengthening the sta-tus of women within the society by involving them in produc-tion activities. Consequently, this project focuses on providingwomen economic freedom, protecting the environment andcontributing to the state’s economy. Karpaz Peninsula andwomen living there are targeted, because of the fact that interms of socio-economic aspects this place remains the mostunderdeveloped. The literacy of women is low and they arenonexistent in socio-economic life and at decision makingmechanisms. In addition, deficiency of environmental protec-tion and consciousness exist. The goals will be achieved bythree steps which are the determination of creating potentialoccupations that focus on environmental and natural resources;the determination of women’s needs and potential talents; andthe determination of marketable services and products. Thisproject is unique since it is the first attempt that covers suchissues in North Cyprus, and it considers three important com-pounds: gender equality, sustainable development, and envi-ronmental consciousness and protection.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Halil Nadiri

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Mustafa Tümer


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Fieldwork for Measuring Service Quality inRetailing and Determining Zone of Tolerance of Customers inTRNC

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: After the opening of border gates, betweennorth and south Cyprus in 2003, there has been close commer-cial relations with the south. It has been observed that theretail dealers' service quality sensitivity in order to promotecustomer satisfaction, has been increased. It is considered thatdetermining the customers' level of perceiving the servicequality and the expectations of customers will be the founda-tions for taking the correct decisions. It has been found thatfive dimensions of SERVQUAL scale, which is a common scalefor measuring the service quality, has not been validated in theretail store environment. In this project, Retail Service Qualityscale will be used to identify customer expectations and per-ceptions of retail service quality and in this way it will be pos-sible to identify the customers' zone of tolerance. Developingappropriate strategies for improving the service quality of retail


stores and increasing the customer satisfaction are also withinthe scope of this project.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Mesut B. Özdeniz

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Halil Z. Alibaba


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee: Behavior of Double Skin Facades in WarmClimates

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: This project aims at finding suitable design andperformance of double skin facades in warm climates.Recently, it has been observed that there has been an increasein the use of double skin facades in developed countries.Double skin facades have advantages such as producing heat incool seasons, providing air circulation in warm seasons, havinga modern look, preventing external noise from entering build-ings, and reducing wind load of the window. The experimentalsection of this project will take place at the Experiment Housein EMU Campus using three different types of windows. Thesetypes are the windows which take outside air and warm it upbefore circulating it inside, those that circulate the warm airout and those that circulate the air from inside of the room tooutside. This project is the first one of its kind for understand-ing the behavior of such facades in a warm climate like that ofNorth Cyprus.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Gülcay Tuna Payaslıoğlu

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Kemal Bağzıbağlı, Mehmet Balcılar, Nuru Giritli,Cem Payaslıoğlu

AAmmoouunntt AAwwaarrddeedd:: 18,000 YTLPPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Forecasting the Long-term Electricity Demandfor TRNC

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: The aim of the project is to understand and fore-cast the demand for electricity in the TRNC. In order to meetfuture demands for electricity, significant lead times are neces-sary for planning and construction. Since the costs of under-building or overbuilding electricity-generating capacities arehigh, the use of forecasting procedures is critical to cost-effec-tive planning. Implementation of a new electricity power plantor expansion of the existing plant will involve other publiccosts associated with plant safety, environmental effects and

their economic consequences. The econometric models con-structed can usefully contribute to highlighting points bydetermining and quantifying the factors that affect the demandfor electricity and forecast electricity demand that are empiri-cally based and reliable. The demand for electricity is an indi-rect demand that is derived from the demand for services thatinvolve electricity-using equipments. This implies that,demand for electricity is associated with the number andnature of such equipments used by households and businesses.Another important feature of electricity demand is that elec-tricity-using equipments are usually long-lasting goods.Electricity demand may vary by changing the utilization pat-terns of the equipment. One other important factor in model-ing electricity demand is related with the price schedulesoffered to consumers that contain block tariffs. Another issuethat has to be dealt with is the seasonal variation of consump-tion depending on the purpose of its usage, for heating or cool-ing. This creates a seasonal effect called “peak demand” in sum-mer and in winter relative to other seasons. Factors describedabove and others that are country-specific and that are relatedto the state of the economy such as economic growth, immigra-tion, pricing systems and technological innovation will also betaken account in the econometric modeling for electricity.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Yenal Süreç

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Mehmet Balcılar, Saule Baurzhan, Süleyman Efe,Hasan Güngör, Fatma Güven Lisaniler, Hasan Kölel, GözdeYalıl


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Measuring Poverty: Household Income,Consumption, and Saving Tendencies in TRNC

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: Household income, tendency to consume, ten-dency to save and poverty studies constitute an important placein economic literature. Income-consumption, income-povertyand consumption-poverty relations are crucial subjects thathave been questioned for a long time. This project aims atachieving two things. Firstly, gathering some informationabout household, household income, consumption, saving ten-dencies and then measuring the level of poverty. Secondly, theresults obtained will be made available to academicians and tothe public for suggestions of possible policy solutions. Especially, determining the level of savings is important interms of understanding the availability of sources for invest-ments in TRNC and developing the consumption models forconsumption tendencies of the households. Measuring the level


of poverty on the other hand, will be useful for figuring outhow sources should be distributed among poor, and conse-quently, for making programs in order to decrease the level ofpoverty. This project will be the first to collect and analyzeinformation on this topic. Since there has never been such aninvestigation before, the findings of the project will be verysignificant for the policy makers in the area.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Rasime Uyguroğlu

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Azadeh Didari, Hüseyin Özkaramanlı, AbdullahÖztoprak

AAmmoouunntt AAwwaarrddeedd:: 18,200YTL

PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Analysis of Integrated Circuit Interconnects atNano-scale Dimensions Using Finite Difference Time DomainMethod

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: The rapid miniaturization of integrated circuitsbrings with it certain unavoidable problems, which relate tothe integrity of signals that carry information from one net-work to another. As the technology moves rapidly towardssub-micrometer dimensions (35 nanometers), the challenge isbecoming a tremendous one. These problems arise due to thefact that interconnections behave like transmission lines atthese frequencies. In this project, the electromagnetic waves,

traveling on interconnect of the future nano-scale technologieswill be analyzed by using the finite difference time domaintechnique. Specifically the delay crosstalk and overshootbehavior of single and coupled interconnections will be stud-ied.

� PPrroojjeecctt DDiirreeccttoorr:: Şener Uysal

RReesseeaarrcchheerrss:: Hüseyin Kusetoğulları


PPrroojjeecctt TTiittllee:: Modular Security Systems

PPrroojjeecctt TTooppiicc:: In this project, a comprehensive security systemdesign constituted with modular units is provided. A securitysystem that is made by connecting observation modules onto alocal headquarter can be placed anywhere, especially at bor-ders and coastlines. All required energy for the system is solar.By setting solar panels onto the module unite, power-loaddemands are met. At the first step, it is planned to use 2.45GHz ISM microwave frequency band, which does not requirelicense for using. However, pollution rates or tests of this bandat different geographical sites are needed. The system will betested for forest fire (Çatalköy), facility security (TeknecikStation), coast guarding (Girne Port), and security of crowdedplaces (EMU Campus).

For information on how to apply for EMU research grants, please visit EMUResearch Advisory Board’s website at http://research.emu.edu.tr.

INTERESTED IN EMU RESEARCH GRANTS ?


� JJoouurrnnaall PPuubblliiccaattiioonnss ((SSCCII,, SSSSCCII,, AAHHCCII)) �

The journal publications listed here are those that are listedin Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), ScienceCitation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), or Social SciencesCitation Index (SSCI). A search on ISI Web of Science wasperformed on 30 January 2009 to retrieve articles with atleast one author having EMU affliation. This list may not becomprehensive as some articles could be deposited to ISIafter the query date.

Aliev R, Abiyev R and Menekay M. (2008) “FuzzyApproach to Portfolio Selection Using Genetic Algorithms.”Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing 14(4): 525-540.

Aliev RA, Aliev RR, Guirimov B and Uyar K. (2008)“Dynamic data mining technique for rules extraction in aprocess of battery charging.” Applied Soft Computing 8(4):1720-1720.

Amca H and Celebi E. (2008) “The mobile phone can be theperfect payment tool.” Electronics World 114(1869): 27-31.

Arifler D. (2008) “Information Theoretic Approach toDetecting Systematic Node Destructions in Wireless SensorNetworks.” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications7(11): 4730-4738.

Bashirov AE, Mazhar Z and Erturk SF. (2008) “BoundaryValue Problems Arising in Kalman Filtering.” BoundaryValue Problems Article ID: 279410.

Benar H and Jenkins GP. (2008) “The economics of regula-tion and taxation policies for casino tourism.” TourismEconomics 14(3): 483-510.

Bodapati JB and Icil H. (2008) “Highly soluble perylenediimide and oligomeric diimide dyes combining peryleneand hexa(ethylene glycol) units: Synthesis, characterization,optical and electrochemical properties.” Dyes and Pigments79(3): 224-235.

Carcenac M. (2008) “A modular neural network applied toimage transformation and mental images.” NeuralComputing & Applications 17(5-6): 549-568.

Daoud DS. (2008) “Determination of the source parameterin a heat equation with a non-local boundary condition.”

Recent Publications and Presentations (September 2008 - December 2008)

Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 221(1):261-272.

Domboski K, Stevens A, Miller LJ and Mittenberg W. (2008)“IQ-Memory Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury.”Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 23: 732.

Dosiyev AA and Buranay SC. (2008) “On solving thecracked-beam problem by block method.” Communicationsin Numerical Methods in Engineering 24(11): 1277-1289.

Doukhnitch E, Salamah M and Ozen E. (2008) “An efficientapproach for trilateration in 3D positioning.” ComputerCommunications 31(17): 4124-4129.

Egemen M and Mohamed A. (2008) “SCBMD: A knowledge-based system software for strategically correct bid/no bidand mark-up size decisions.” Automation in Construction17(7): 864-872.

Faustmann H and Kaymak E. (2008) “Cyprus.” EuropeanJournal of Political Research 47(7-8): 939-946.

Guler M. (2008) “Detailed numerical investigation of thedissipative stochastic mechanics based neuron model.”Journal of Computational Neuroscience 25(2): 211-227.

Hancioglu N, Neufeld S and Eldridge J. (2008) “Through theLooking Glass and into the Land of Lexico-Grammar.”English for Specific Purposes 27(4): 459-479.

Karatepe OM and Bekteshi L. (2008) “Antecedents and out-comes of work-family facilitation and family-work facilita-tion among frontline hotel employees.” InternationalJournal of Hospitality Management 27(4): 517-528.

Karatepe OM and Magaji AB. (2008) “Work-Family Conflictand Facilitation in the Hotel Industry A Study in Nigeria.”Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 49(4): 395-412.

Kaymak T and Bektas E. (2008) “East Meets West? BoardCharacteristics in an Emerging Market: Evidence fromTurkish Banks.” Corporate Governance-An InternationalReview 16(6): 550-561.

Kusaf M and Oztoprak AY. (2008) “Dispersion Analysis ofthe ADI-FDTD and S-FDTD Methods.” Turkish Journal ofElectrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 16(3): 201-206.


Mahmudov NI and Sabancigil P. (2008) “q-ParametricBleimann Butzer and Hahn Operators.” Journal ofInequalities and Applications Article ID: 816367.

Matis TI, Jayaraman R, and Rangan A. (2008) “Optimalprice and pro rata decisions for combined warranty policieswith different repair options.” IIE Transactions 40(10): 984-991.

Mazharimousavi SH, Halilsoy M and Amirabi Z. (2008)“New non-Abelian black hole solutions in Born-Infeld grav-ity.” Physical Review D 78(6): 064050.

Myers A, Kuemmel A, Miller LJ and Mittenberg W. (2008)“Premorbid Memory Prediction using the Wechsler Test ofAdult Reading.” Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 23:731.

Ramadan O. (2008) “Accuracy improved multi-stage ADI-PML algorithm for dispersive open region FDTD problems.”Electronics Letters 44(20): 1168-1170.

Ramadan O. (2008) “Complex Envelope Six-Stage Split-StepPML Algorithm for Open Region ElectromagneticProblems.” IEEE Microwave and Wireless ComponentsLetters 18(11): 713-715.

Sevketoglu M. (2008) “Early settlements and procurementof raw materials - new evidence based on research at akan-thou-arkosykos (tatlisu- ciftlikduzu), Northern Cyprus.”Tuba-ar-Turkish Academy of Sciences Journal ofArchaeology 11: 63-72.

Tanova C and Holtom BC. (2008) “Using job embeddednessfactors to explain voluntary turnover in four Europeancountries.” International Journal of Human ResourceManagement 19(9): 1553-1568.

Tuna G. (2008) “The Effectiveness of Central BankIntervention: Evidence from Turkey.” Applied Economics30: 1-15.

Ulukok MK and Acan A. (2008) “Concurrent PathConstruction for Global Map Building in Unknown IndoorEnvironments.” Cybernetics and Systems 39(8): 787-805.

Yu R, Baradarani A. (2008) “Design of halfband filters fororthogonal wavelets via sum of squares decomposition.”

IEEE Signal Processing Letters 15: 437-440.

Yu RY. (2008) “Theory of dual-tree complex wavelets.”IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 56(9): 4263-4273.

� OOtthheerr RReeffeerreeeedd JJoouurrnnaall PPuubblliiccaattiioonnss �

Aker S. (2008) “Ekonomik Büyümeye Karşı EkonomikKalkınma: KKTC’nin Değerlendirilmesi.” Review of Social,Economic and Business Studies 9/10: 209-232.

Akgun A. (2008) “Ahmet Hikmet Müftüoğlu’nunYayımlanmamış Şiirleri.” Journal of Turkish Studies 32(1):19-34.

Babakus E, Yavas U and Karatepe OM. (2008) “The effectsof job demands, job resources and intrinsic motivation onemotional exhaustion and turnover intentions: a study inthe Turkish hotel industry.” International Journal ofHospitality and Tourism Administration 9(4): 384-404.

Bashirova E. (2008) “Köprülüzade Bakü'de.” İlmi Eserler 2:83-86.

Canci H. (2008) “A Theoric and Conceptual Glance toNationalism in terms of its Invariable Dimensions.” SDUThe Journal of Faculty of Economics and AdministrativeSciences 13 (2):105-116.

Colak Y. (2008) “The Headscarf Issue, Women and thePublic Sphere in Turkey.” Global South 4(5): 10-17.

Hoskara S. (2008) “Urban Design Theory: Past, Today,Tomorrow and Reflections on Istanbul.” mimar.ist 8(29):31-33.

Hoskara S. (2008) “Views on London Festival ofArchitecture.” Yapı 322: 80-86.

Oktay D and Hoskara S. (2008) “Mimarlık Eğitiminde Çağ-daş Yönelimler: Oxford Mimarlık Eğitimi KonferansınınYansıttıkları / Contemporary Orientations in ArchitecturalEducation.” Yapı 324: 50-54.

Turgut T. (2008) “Tarihsel Bakış Açısıyla Kıbrıs TürkHukuku Sistemi.” Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk FakültesiDergisi 57(2): 253-286.


� CCoonnffeerreennccee PPaappeerrss �

Abrishambaf R, Demirel H and Kale I. “Establishing theFinite Word-Length Parameters for a CNN basedFingerprint Recognition System.” in Proceedings of the 5thInternational Conference on Electrical and ComputerSystems, pp. 27-31, Lefke, Northern Cyprus, 27-28November 2008.

Aliev RA and Alemzadeh M. “Prediction of world petrolprices based on comparison of exponential smoothing andback-propagation techniques.” in Proceedings of the EighthInternational Conference on Application of Fuzzy Systemsand Soft Computing (ICAFS 2008), pp. 98-100, Helsinki,Finland, 1-3 September 2008.

Aliev RA, Huseynov OH and Aliev RR. “Decision makingunder conditions of imprecise probabilities.” in Proceedingsof the Eighth International Conference on Application ofFuzzy Systems and Soft Computing (ICAFS 2008), pp. 334-343, Helsinki, Finland, 1-3 September 2008.

Aliev RA, Guirimov B, Aliev RR, Ilhan U, Babagil M andMammadli S. “Type-2 fuzzy neural inference system withfuzzy clustering and differential evolution optimization.” inProceedings of the Eighth International Conference onApplication of Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing (ICAFS2008), pp. 368-386, Helsinki, Finland, 1-3 September 2008.

Aliusta GO, Unveren Z and Basri F. “The Miracle of theAge: Internet in Classrooms.” in Proceedings of the 3rdInternational Conference on Virtual Learning, pp. 351-358,Constanta, Romania, 31 October – 2 November 2008.

Aliusta GO, Unveren Z and Basri F. “Benefits of Using Self-Study Centres on Language Learning.” in Proceedings of the3rd International Conference on Virtual Learning, pp. 359-366, Constanta, Romania, 31 October – 2 November 2008.

Bashirov R, Karanfiller T and Lort H. “An approach toreduce path-dependent-loss in optical networks implement-ing Petri nets.” in Proceedings of the 8th InternationalConference on Application of Fuzzy Systems and SoftComputing, pp. 91-96, Quadrat Verlag, Helsinki, 1-3September 2008.

Bashirov AE and Erturk SF. “Boundary Value ProblemsArising in Kalman Filtering.” in Proceedings of the 4thInternational Conference on Mathematical Analysis,Differential Equations and Their Applications (MADD2008), Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September 2008.

Bashirov AE, Kurpınar EM and Ozyapici A. “OnMultiplicative Differential Equations.” in Proceedings of the4th International Conference on Mathematical Analysis,Differential Equations and Their Applications (MADD2008), Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September 2008.

Celikag M and Ozbilen M. “Health and Safety Matters inConstruction Industry in North Cyprus.” in Proceedings ofthe 8th International Congress on Advances in CivilEngineering (ACE2008), Famagusta, North Cyprus,September 2008.

Demirel H and Anbarjafari G. “Iris Recognition SystemUsing Combined Histogram Statistics.” in Proceedings ofthe 23rd International Symposium on Computer andInformation Sciences (ISCIS 2008), Istanbul, Turkey, 27-29October 2008.

Demirel H, Anbarjafari G and Jahromi MNS. “ImageEqualization Based on Singular Value Decomposition.” inProceedings of the 23rd International Symposium onComputer and Information Sciences (ISCIS 2008), Istanbul,Turkey, 27-29 October 2008.

Dosiyev AA, Mazhar Z and Buranay SC. “Block Method forProblems on L-Shaped Domains.” in Proceedings of the 4thInternational Conference on Mathematical Analysis,Differential Equations and Their Applications (MADD2008), Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September 2008.

Hasanbulli M. “Asymptotic Behavior of NonoscillatorySolutions to n-TH Order Nonlinear Neutral DifferentialEquations.” in Proceedings of the 4th InternationalConference on Mathematical Analysis, DifferentialEquations and Their Applications (MADD 2008), EasternMediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September2008.

Ilkan M, Gursev H and Alicik S. “Project Management.” inProceedings of the 5th International Architecture andEngineering Symposium, 5th International Symposium onElectrical and Computer Systems (EECS’08), Gemikonağı,LAU, 27-28 November 2008.

Ilkan M, Doganalp A, Ozerek C and Alicik S. “Evaluatingthe potential of the renewable energy resources in TRNC.”in Proceedings of the 5th International Architecture andEngineering Symposium, 5th International Symposium onElectrical and Computer Systems (EECS’08), Gemikonağı,LAU, 27-28 November 2008.


Mahmudov N, Sabancigil P. “q-parametric Bleimann Butzerand Hahn operators.” in Proceedings of the 4thInternational Conference on Mathematical Analysis,Differential Equations and Their Applications (MADD2008), Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September 2008.

Nadiri H and Tumer M. “Kuzey Kıbrıs TürkCumhuriyeti’nde Üniversite Öğrencilerinin ÇevreyeDuyarlı Tüketici Davranışlarını Belirlemeye Yönelik BirSaha Çalışması.” in Proceedings of the 13. Ulusal PazarlamaKongresi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, pp.130-146, Türkiye, 29Ekim – 2 Kasım 2008.

Prykarpatsky AK and Taneri U. “Some Aspects of ModernQuantum Mathematics and Nonlinear Dynamical Systems.”in Proceedings of the 4th International Conference onMathematical Analysis, Differential Equations and TheirApplications (MADD 2008), Eastern MediterraneanUniversity, North Cyprus, 12-15 September 2008.

Riza M, Ozyapici A and Kurpinar E. “Multiplicative LeastSquare Method.” in Proceedings of the 4th InternationalConference on Mathematical Analysis, DifferentialEquations and Their Applications (MADD 2008), EasternMediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September2008.

Tandogdu Y and Cidar O. “Decomposition of Data MatricesLeading to Principle Component Analysis.” in Proceedingsof the 4th International Conference on MathematicalAnalysis, Differential Equations and Their Applications(MADD 2008), Eastern Mediterranean University, NorthCyprus, 12-15 September 2008.

Tuncay F. “Oscillation Criteria for Second Order NonlinearEquations.” in Proceedings of the 4th InternationalConference on Mathematical Analysis, DifferentialEquations and Their Applications (MADD 2008), EasternMediterranean University, North Cyprus, 12-15 September2008.

Turhan T. “Parlayan Küresel Güç Çin ve Kıbrıs.” inProceedings of the 1. Uluslararası Kıbrıs Sempozyumu,pp.1-34, Ankara, Türkiye, 21-23 Kasım 2008.

Tumer, M and Nadiri H. “Hazır Giyim Sektöründe İhracatOdaklı Pazar Faaliyetleri: Bangladeş Örneği.” inProceedings of the 13. Ulusal Pazarlama Kongresi, pp.125-131, Nevşehir Üniversitesi, Türkiye, 25-29 Ekim 2008.

Zamanian B, Bayram Z. “Agent Coordination UsingEnterprise Java Beans and XML Web Services in aBattlefield Environment.” in Proceedings of 5thInternational Symposium on Electrical and ComputerSystems (EECS'08), pp. 241-246, Gemikonağı, Lefke,Northern Cyprus, 27-28 November 2008.

� CCoonnffeerreennccee PPrreesseennttaattiioonnss �

Domboski K, Stevens A, Miller LJ and Mittenberg W. “IQ-Memory Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury.” NationalAcademy of Neuropsychology, New York, 21-25 October.

Gazi M, Yilmaz O, Yilmaz E and Bicak N. “Synthesis andswelling behavior of chitosan grafted with poly (N-allyl-maleamic acid).” 2nd European Chemistry Congress,Torino, Italy, 16-20 September 2008.

Gazi M and Bicak N. “ Synthesis of new multi-hydroxyfunctional polymers and their usage as boron binder.” 12thNational Chemistry Congress, Famagusta, TRNC, 6-10October 2008.

Inanc G. “Dilemmas of AKP's Foreign Policy.” TUSIADWashington Office, Washington, 24 November 2008.

Inanc G. “Narratives of Diplomats and Turkish ForeignPolicy in Iraq.” Oriental Institute of National Academy ofArmenia, Erivan, 6 November 2008.

Jenkins H. “Microfinance: An Overview.” ADFIMIConference on Comparative Study on MicrofinancePractices, Istanbul, Turkey, 17-19 November 2008.

Myers A, Kuemmel A, Miller LJ and Mittenberg W.“Premorbid Memory Prediction using the Wechsler Test ofAdult Reading.” National Academy of Neuropsychology,New York, N.Y, 21-25 October.


� KKeeyynnoottee LLeeccttuurreess �

Gosh BN. “Inaugural speech.” International Conference onHealth and Development: Issues, Strategies, and Options,Kannur, India, 22-23 October 2008.

� Books �

Inanc G. (2008). “Türk Diplomasisinde Irak 1978-1997.” İşBankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul.

Tobolczyk M. (2008). “The Birth of Architecture: AnIntroduction to Ontogenesis of Architecture.” Gateshead,The United Kingdom: The Urban International Press.

Turhan T. (2008). “Doğu Akdeniz Havzasının JeopolitikÖnemi.” DAÜ Yayınevi, 2008.

� Book CChapters �

Aliev RA, Fazlollahi B, Guirimov BG and Aliev RR. (2008).Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Networks and Their PerformanceAnalysis. In Xiaolin Hu and P.Balasubramaniam (Eds.).Recurrent Neural Networks. (pp.107-126). Austria: I-Tech.

Kush J. (2008). The Myth and Reality of No Child LeftBehind. In T.A. Price and E. Peterson (Eds.). UniversityPress of America.

Turgut T. (2008). Kıbrıslı Türklerin Vatandaşlığının KısaTarihi. In M. Hasgüler (Ed.). Kıbrıslılık. (pp. 56-83).İstanbul: Angora Yayınları.

editor’s messageresearch.emu.edu.tr/files/doc/newsletters/news_15.pdf · joint field work carried...

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