1. 1. Vocabulary development Module 7 EDC 533 Dr. Laurie A. Henry
2. 2. Words fill our lives Students encounter between 50,000 to 100,000 words during their school years Vocabulary acquisition increases by approximately 3,000 to 5,000 words per year Reading vocabulary of 25,000 by 8th grade Reading vocabulary of at least 50,000 by 12th grade
3. 3. Vocabulary Instruction Blachowicz and Fisher (2000) suggest four guidelines for vocabulary instruction: 1. Be actively engaged in understanding words and related strategies 2. Personalize their vocabulary learning 3. Be immersed in words 4. Develop vocabularies through repeated exposures from multiple sources of information
4. 4. Balance Balancing explicit instruction and learning from the context is key Instruction should be meaningful to students Help students make connections to their own background knowledge Provide multiple exposures to words through a variety of instructional techniques
5. 5. Teaching vocabulary Context Clues Graphic Organizers Structural Analysis Student Self-selection
6. 6. Context Clues Definition Clue: connects the unknown word to a known word or words Example/Illustration Clue: provides a model or picture that shows the meaning of the word Comparison/Contrast Clue: provides information about something similar or something different from the unknown word Logic Clue: provides a common-sense/contextual connection to the unknown word Cause/Effect Clue: the reason/result relation allows the reader to predict the words meaning Mood/Tone Clue: description of the mood related to the word allows readers to predict the words meaning
7. 7. Graphic organizers Visual representations of ideas Visual design helps student remember types of information associated with the word or concept Can be used to prompt discussions Prompt further oral or written summaries Semantic maps, semantic question maps, concept of definition, feature analysis chart, structural analysis, etc.
8. 8. Semantic map Activates prior knowledge Organizes knowledge about a specific topic Free form based on students responses Used before, during, and after reading Indicator of what students know (background knowledge) Provide a starting point for teaching Add information throughout a unit of study Use as a summative assessment to determine student learning
9. 9. Semantic map
10. 10. Definition map Helps students construct meaning by making connections between prior knowledge and new topics Includes a definition, description, examples and non- examples Used before, during and after reading Can be used to prompt students to provide an oral or written summary of important key concepts
11. 11. definition map
12. 12. Structural analysis Helps students understand words and their meanings Analysis of word structures (prefixes, roots, and suffixes) Students break down and examine each part of a word to determine meaning
13. 13. Student self-selection Students choose the strategies that best help them learn new vocabulary Helps students take ownership of their own learning Motivates students to monitor their own understanding and learn new words Vocabulary bookmarks Self-collection strategy
14. 14. General principles Teaching should demonstrate interest and excitement for vocabulary Lessons should encourage connections Some words have multiple meanings Instruction should incorporate multiple exposures to words Provide opportunities for students to use vocabulary in multiple, meaningful ways Teach structural analysis related to specific content areas Focus on depth of understanding rather than coverage of vocabulary
15. 15. General principles Use multiple texts and multiple resources that address the same topic Vocabulary teaching may need to be adapted based on different content area concepts Students use of vocabulary should cut across the curriculum (develop a common vocabulary)
16. 16. Final thoughts