economics. market economy capitalism based on supply and demand no government intervention
TRANSCRIPT
ECONOMIC
S
MARKET ECONOMY
Capitalism
Based on Supply and Demand
No Government Intervention
LAW OF SUPPLY
Supplier will be willing to offer more goods at a higher price
LAW OF DEMAND
The higher the price, the less people will demand it
COMMAND ECONOMY
Government makes all Economic Decisions
Socialism and Communism
MIXED ECONOMY
United States, has a mixed Economy but, it is more Market then Command
U.S. ECONOMY
Banking Regulations
Governmental Protection AgenciesEx: E.P.A., F.D.A., etc.
Public Utilities= Legal Monopolies because they are regulated
Government Intervention is needed at times, but not always the best solution
ENTREPRENEUR
Person who starts a business
Capital, anything used to produce something else
Tools, pizza oven, etc.
THREE TYPES OF BUSINESS
Sole Proprietor
Partnership
Corporation
PARTNERSHIP
Business owned by two or more people
CORPORATION
Owned by stockholders and run by hired help
Where most profits in America are produced
STOCKS AND BONDS
Stocks = Ownership
Bonds = Loan
LABOR UNIONS
Formed because employees wanted control over working conditions
Safety, minimum wage, child labor, etc.
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
Employee and Employer work together to reach an agreement
Conflict = workers want more money and benefits, employers want more profits.
FRINGE BENEFITS
Vacation
Sick Leave
Medical Insurance
STRIKE
Work Stoppage.
PERSONAL FINANCEFixed Expenses vs. Variable
Expenses
FIXED EXPENSES
Don’t change as fast-rent, mortgage payment, insurances
VARIABLE EXPENSES
Can change month to month (leisure) this is what you have the most control over
TAXES
Money paid to the Governments
Income tax
Sales tax
Property tax
TAX METHODS
Progressive- More you make higher percentage you pay
Regressive- taxes a larger percentage from lower income people (some believe state sales tax is regressive)
Proportional- some percentage from everyone(flat tax)
SALES TAX
Can be either regressive or proportional, depends on your point of view
BANKING
Making loans, most important role
High Debt= High Interest Rate
BANK ACTIVITY
Depends on Economy
Inflation- rise in prices
Deflation- decrease in prices
Recession- decline in activity
U.S. CURRENCY
Has value because U.S. Government and the Economics of the world says it does
Not backed by gold or silver
LOANS
Helps the Economy grow
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
Created by Congress in 1913
Regulates money supply by influencing borrowing.
FEDERAL RESERVE ACTIVITY
Inflation- discourages loans by raising interest rates
Recession- encourages loans by lowering interest rates