Economic Development Revision

L.O To understand that…Geography Rocks!!

If you really get it then there is a geography sticker for you at the end of the lesson!

Development Indicators

Development, what is it and how can it be measured?

•Bilateral aid This is aid given from one country to another, in the form of money, goods or services. • �Multilateral aid This is aid which comes from several different countries - often through international agencies such as the World Bank. • �Tied aid is gifts of money, goods or services that come with conditions attached. For example, the recipient country may have to agree to spend the money in particular ways introduce specific economic reforms allow companies from the donor country to set up or sell goods in the recipient country spend the money on goods and services from the donor country. Both bilateral and multilateral aid may be tied in this way. • �Non-governmental aid This comes from NGOs such as Save the Children, UNICEF and Oxfam, which provide money and professional support paid for by donations from members of the public across the world. This type of aid is less likely to come with any conditions attached.

Aid…What is it and how can it vary over time (short and long term aid)?

A Case Study of Aid – Water Aid, Mali

Primary Secondary Tertiary

71% 12% 17%

India’s employment structure

Primary Secondary Tertiary

2% 28% 70%

UK’s employment structure

How does employment structure change?

Case StudiesLEDC – Brazil, South East Region

MEDC – UK, Newcastle

Locational factors of differing economic activity…

A multinational company is one that operates in more than one country across

the world.

How do multinational companies affect development?

How can economic activity affect the physical environment …

CASE STUDY – China Pearl River Delta

The possible solutions – The government has pledged to reduce chemical pollution by 15% in 2010 and cut sulphur dioxide emissions by 15%.They have introduced several measures to tackle the problem, such as•Higher sewage treatment charges•Sticter pollution regulations on factories•Tougher national regulations on vehicle emissionsThe Government is encouraging the movement of manufacturing up the value chain e.g. producing more hi-tech goods. The technology for this is now cleaner. Also a shift towards tertiary industries which are also cleaner. E.g., it is moving up the graph from last lesson, having the luxury to be more environmentally aware, and also shifting from secondary to tertiary sectors.Greenpeace published a report entitled “Poisoning the Pearl: An investigation into industrial water pollution in the Pearl River Delta” on 28 October 2009 to help put pressure on companies and the government to act but they have been slow to do so as they fear this will limit their economic growth

Economic Activity and Climate Change…

Economic development case study questions

Place/Example Key ideas/content

2006 QC6

For an aid or investment programme that you have studied: (i) Name and locate the programme; (ii) Describe with specific detail the main features of the programme; (iii) How sustainable is the programme?

2009 QC6

For a specific example of an economic activity that you have studied (for example a farm, factory, supermarket or theme park); (i) Name and locate the economic

activity; (ii) With reference to specific detail, describe and explain the factors affecting its location.

SampleName and locate an economic activity. How has the economic activity affected the natural environment? What has been done to minimise damage to the environment?

SampleName and locate an aid project. Describe the main features of the project. Explain how the project is sustainable.

2010 Q3

Name and locate an example of an economic activity you have studied in an LEDC. Explain why this economic activity is located in this LEDC. What factors might influence decisions about whether the named economic activity remains at this location in the future?

2010 Q4

Name a multi-national company you have studied and a country where it is located. Explain how the multi-national company affects local people and the overall economy of the country.

2011 Q3

Name and locate an aid project. Describe the main features of the project. To what extent is the project sustainable?

2011 Q4

Name and locate an economic activity. Describe how this economic activity has affected the natural physical environment. How has conflict between economic development and the environment been managed?