Date Speaker Place

17 -11 -2016

EconAqua

Ambrogio Pertile CAFP Seminar ndash Zagreb HR

copy Viking SA

An Introduction

copy Viking Page 2

copy Viking Page 2

copy Viking Page 3

1 Low pressure water mist system (16bar)

2 Based on existing sprinkler technology acc VdS

CEA 4001 (EN12845)

3 Use of water

4 Small and space-saving components amp kits

5 System third party approved (VdS)

The EconAqua System

copy Viking Page 4

1 Combine advantages of existing water based fire protection

systems

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

3 System will be accepted by an independent approval body

4 Design based on existing standards

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing

systems

Our objectives for EconAqua

copy Viking Page 5

Our objectives for EconAqua

1 Combine advantages of existing water based fire protection systems

Sprinkler HP Mist EconAqua

Lower water demand Standard Lowest Low

Comprehensive design criteria Yes No Yes

Approved components Yes Some Yes

Approved system No Some Yes

Smaller pipe sizes Standard Smallest Smaller

Reduced densitywater damage risk Standard Lowest Low

Standard pipework materials Yes No Yes

Smaller tank size Standard Smallest Smaller

Standard water quality Yes No Yes

Connect to standard systems Yes No Yes

Connect to town mains Yes No Yes

Dry systems Yes No Yes

Straightforward maintenance Yes No Yes

copy Viking Page 6

copy Viking Page 7

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

Light Hazard risks (LH) designed acc to OH1 design criteria

Ordinary Hazard 1 risks (OH1)

(without production risks)

- wet amp preaction systems

- max 500 m room height

Ordinary Hazard 2 risks (OH2) multi-storey car parks amp basement garages

- wet amp dry systems

- max 27 m room height

High rise buildings OH1 hazard gt 45 m designed acc to OH3

copy Viking Page 8

Government buildings Railway

Stations

Offices Banks amp Administration

Buildings

Hospitals amp Nursing Homes

Hotels Restaurants

Schools Universities Institutions

Parking garages etc

as well as similar risks

+ Technical areas File Rooms

Stores Archives Libraries

lt 50msup2 F30

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

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Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

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Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

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copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

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Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

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copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

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Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

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Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

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Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

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Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

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copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

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Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

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copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

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Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

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In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

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copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

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K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

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K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

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K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

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Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

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copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

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In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

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ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

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K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

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Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

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Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

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Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

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75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

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copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 4

1 Combine advantages of existing water based fire protection

systems

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

3 System will be accepted by an independent approval body

4 Design based on existing standards

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing

systems

Our objectives for EconAqua

copy Viking Page 5

Our objectives for EconAqua

1 Combine advantages of existing water based fire protection systems

Sprinkler HP Mist EconAqua

Lower water demand Standard Lowest Low

Comprehensive design criteria Yes No Yes

Approved components Yes Some Yes

Approved system No Some Yes

Smaller pipe sizes Standard Smallest Smaller

Reduced densitywater damage risk Standard Lowest Low

Standard pipework materials Yes No Yes

Smaller tank size Standard Smallest Smaller

Standard water quality Yes No Yes

Connect to standard systems Yes No Yes

Connect to town mains Yes No Yes

Dry systems Yes No Yes

Straightforward maintenance Yes No Yes

copy Viking Page 6

copy Viking Page 7

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

Light Hazard risks (LH) designed acc to OH1 design criteria

Ordinary Hazard 1 risks (OH1)

(without production risks)

- wet amp preaction systems

- max 500 m room height

Ordinary Hazard 2 risks (OH2) multi-storey car parks amp basement garages

- wet amp dry systems

- max 27 m room height

High rise buildings OH1 hazard gt 45 m designed acc to OH3

copy Viking Page 8

Government buildings Railway

Stations

Offices Banks amp Administration

Buildings

Hospitals amp Nursing Homes

Hotels Restaurants

Schools Universities Institutions

Parking garages etc

as well as similar risks

+ Technical areas File Rooms

Stores Archives Libraries

lt 50msup2 F30

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 5

Our objectives for EconAqua

1 Combine advantages of existing water based fire protection systems

Sprinkler HP Mist EconAqua

Lower water demand Standard Lowest Low

Comprehensive design criteria Yes No Yes

Approved components Yes Some Yes

Approved system No Some Yes

Smaller pipe sizes Standard Smallest Smaller

Reduced densitywater damage risk Standard Lowest Low

Standard pipework materials Yes No Yes

Smaller tank size Standard Smallest Smaller

Standard water quality Yes No Yes

Connect to standard systems Yes No Yes

Connect to town mains Yes No Yes

Dry systems Yes No Yes

Straightforward maintenance Yes No Yes

copy Viking Page 6

copy Viking Page 7

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

Light Hazard risks (LH) designed acc to OH1 design criteria

Ordinary Hazard 1 risks (OH1)

(without production risks)

- wet amp preaction systems

- max 500 m room height

Ordinary Hazard 2 risks (OH2) multi-storey car parks amp basement garages

- wet amp dry systems

- max 27 m room height

High rise buildings OH1 hazard gt 45 m designed acc to OH3

copy Viking Page 8

Government buildings Railway

Stations

Offices Banks amp Administration

Buildings

Hospitals amp Nursing Homes

Hotels Restaurants

Schools Universities Institutions

Parking garages etc

as well as similar risks

+ Technical areas File Rooms

Stores Archives Libraries

lt 50msup2 F30

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 6

copy Viking Page 7

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

Light Hazard risks (LH) designed acc to OH1 design criteria

Ordinary Hazard 1 risks (OH1)

(without production risks)

- wet amp preaction systems

- max 500 m room height

Ordinary Hazard 2 risks (OH2) multi-storey car parks amp basement garages

- wet amp dry systems

- max 27 m room height

High rise buildings OH1 hazard gt 45 m designed acc to OH3

copy Viking Page 8

Government buildings Railway

Stations

Offices Banks amp Administration

Buildings

Hospitals amp Nursing Homes

Hotels Restaurants

Schools Universities Institutions

Parking garages etc

as well as similar risks

+ Technical areas File Rooms

Stores Archives Libraries

lt 50msup2 F30

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 7

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

Light Hazard risks (LH) designed acc to OH1 design criteria

Ordinary Hazard 1 risks (OH1)

(without production risks)

- wet amp preaction systems

- max 500 m room height

Ordinary Hazard 2 risks (OH2) multi-storey car parks amp basement garages

- wet amp dry systems

- max 27 m room height

High rise buildings OH1 hazard gt 45 m designed acc to OH3

copy Viking Page 8

Government buildings Railway

Stations

Offices Banks amp Administration

Buildings

Hospitals amp Nursing Homes

Hotels Restaurants

Schools Universities Institutions

Parking garages etc

as well as similar risks

+ Technical areas File Rooms

Stores Archives Libraries

lt 50msup2 F30

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 8

Government buildings Railway

Stations

Offices Banks amp Administration

Buildings

Hospitals amp Nursing Homes

Hotels Restaurants

Schools Universities Institutions

Parking garages etc

as well as similar risks

+ Technical areas File Rooms

Stores Archives Libraries

lt 50msup2 F30

Our objectives for EconAqua

2 Optimise the system for broad spectrum of applications

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 9

The only low pressure system approved by

VdS

Full component testing

Fire testing of the system (more detail later)

Design manual review

Ongoing auditing

Our objectives for EconAqua

3 System to be accepted by an independent approval body

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 10

The system design is carried out according to CEA 4001

which in turn is based around EN12845

Certain criteria are adapted for EconAqua according to

the design manual

ndash Max operating pressure 16bar

ndash Min head pressure of 5 bar at the K 14 sprinkler

ndash Minimum flowrate of 31lpm

ndash QR-sprinkler (RTI lt 50)

ndash Concealed sprinkler available

ndash Max 16 msup2 protection area sprinkler

ndash Density approx 19 mmmin

ndash Pipes hot dip galvanized or CPVC

ndash 60 min operating time

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 11

We provide detailed training over two sessions

(two days) to licensees covering

ndash Principles of water mist

ndash Basic aspects of the system

ndash Pros and cons

ndash Comparisons with standard sprinkler systems and

high pressure water mist

ndash Design principles and what differs form standard

sprinkler systems

ndash Pump kit selection

ndash Risks and hazard classes

ndash Review of datasheets

ndash Commissioning

Our objectives for EconAqua

4 Design based on existing standards

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 12

The four Rrsquos

ndash Realistic

ndash Representative

ndash Repeatable

ndash Reviewed (by peers)

Based on work by Huge ndash Office set-up representative of OH1 risks

ndash Covers horizontal amp vertical fire spread

ndash Shielded fires

Used to verify suitability for a range of risks

within a hazard class

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 13

The test set-up

ndash First run with standard sprinkler system at

5mmmin 12m2

ndash Then run with EconAqua at 2mmmin 16m2

ndash All tests repeated under one head and four

heads

The test criteria

ndash The average ceiling temp in the mist tests must

be lower than those during the sprinkler tests

ndash The average damage to the fire load in the mist

tests must be lower than that during the

sprinkler tests

Our objectives for EconAqua

5 Protection level equivalent to established extinguishing systems

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 14

License Agreement - use of trademark EconAqua

Technical Training in two parts Sales amp Design (2 days)

Support amp Documentation (given only to licensees)

EconAqua is for licensees only

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 15

Customer Benefits

Why do our customers decide on EconAqua

Lessen risk of water damage

Proven and reputable

Is different

Saves space

Saves time

Saves water

Saves money

Protects people property and

the environment

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 16

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 17

Part 2 ndash Water Standard Systems

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 18

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 19

Wet system

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 20

1 Wet pipe alarm valve NMX 2 Valve head 3 Gate valve for water supply 4 Alarm test valve 5 Drip check valve 6 Valve seat 7 Vent valves 8 Shut-off valves for pressure gauges 9 Pressure gauge for pipework 10 Pressure gauge for water supply 11 Alarm pressure switch 12 Water motor alarm gong - AG 2 13 Strainer 14 Drain valve 15 Retard chamber 16 Alarm shut-off valve 17 Non-return valve 18 By-pass pipe

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 21

Dry system

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 22

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 23

Pre-action system

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 24

Preaction valve TAV-VMX amp TMXS

Type A Type B

Water supply Water supply

Pipe network

Pipe network

Detectors Detectors

Air supply

Air supply

Alarm channel

Alarm channel 24V-DC

Alarm line

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 25

Type A

Standard preaction single interlock valve

To avoid false release

Interacts with the FD-System

bull Release of a sprinkler does not cause release of the valve

bull Signal of FD-System is mandatory to open release the valve

Note In case of malefunction of the FD-System the preaction single interlock operates as a normal

dry valve

Type B

Non interlock valve

Dry system with is normally supportedaccelerated by the FD-system

bull Operates lake a normal dry valve with accelerator

bull FD system opens valve even if no sprinkler is released

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 26

Attention Type A amp Type B Actuation of the FD-System always causes the release of the valve Type A Release of a sprinkler will not cause release of the valve Type B Release of a sprinkler will open the valve

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 27

Concealed Sprinklers are installed to

ldquoHiderdquo the sprinklerrsquos operating

mechanism and deflector

Concealed sprinkler cover plates may

only be painted by the manufacturer

Viking applies a label with the same

color custom color paint on the interior

of the cover plate to identify to the AHJ

and owner that the sprinkler was

painted by the manufacturer

Special metal finishes are also

available

Special finish cover plates

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 28

Protective Cap

Removal Tool

Small or Large

Cover plate

Installation tool

Concealed sprinkler installation tools

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 29

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 30

VdS CEA Guidelines for Sprinkler Systems ndash 4001 en

NFPA 13 FM Global

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 31

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 32

Part 3 ndash Storage

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 33

Rack

Storage

Rolled Paper

Storage

Types of storage risks

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 34

Palletized

Storage

Idle Pallet

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 35

Miscellaneous Storage Shelf Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 36

Rubber Tire

Storage

Baled Cotton

Storage

Types of storage

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 37

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Storage

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 38

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Storage Fires are very demanding and require more water to control them than standard

occupancy hazards

Due to the nature of the fire and the subsequent heat release NFPA 13 places limitations

on the orifice size that can be used based on density requirements (mmmin)

K80 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 81mmmin and lower

K115 factor sprinklers are limited to densities of 139mmmin and lower

Densities greater than 139mmmin require K factors of 161 or larger

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 39

Control mode sprinklers for storage

Why larger k-factors

Larger K factors develop larger water droplets that are able to penetrate the fire

plume and the thermal updraft

Larger K factors also can discharge the same water flow rate at much lower

pressures so they are more efficient at controlling the fire

Lower starting pressures at the sprinkler may save the sprinkler designer a pipe

size in their calculations which will lower the cost of the system installation

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 40

PSI for K

16815 psi

(1 Bar)148 psi

(1 Bar)31 psi

(22 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)127 psi

(88 Bar)

5625 psi

(388 Bar)

286 psi

(197

12-0

(365 m)

45 gpm

(1703 lpm)

645 psi

(445 Bar)

316 psi

(218 Bar)

16 psi

(11 Bar)06 gpmftsup2

(246 lpmmsup2)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

12-0

(365 m)

60 gpm

(227 lpm)

114 psi

(792 Bar)

100 ft sup2

(929msup2)100 ft sup2

(929msup2)

Storage Density

045 gpmftsup2

(184 lpmmsup2)

196 ftsup2

(182msup2)

97 psi

(67 Bar)14 psi

(97 Bar)

31 psi

(22 Bar)49 psi

(34 Bar)71 psi

(49 Bar)

25 gpm

(946 lpm)30 gpm

(1135 lpm)

127 psi

(88 Bar)192 psi

(137 Bar)286 psi

(198 Bar)

025 gpmftsup2

(102 lpmmsup2)03 gpmftsup2

(123 lpmmsup2)

15-0

(42 m)12-0

(365 m)12-0

(365 m)

130 ftsup2

(1208 msup2)

Maximimum

Spacing

Minimun

Flow Rate

PSI for K

56

PSI for K

80

PSI for K

112020 gpmftsup2

(82 lpmmsup2)

26 gpm

(984 lpm)

1056 psi

(72 Bar)

Coverage Area

Minimum pressure any sprinkler is 7 PSI (48 Bar)

The K factor is too small for the density

Control mode sprinklers for storage

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 41

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

In-Rack Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 42

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 43

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

Generally when storage exceeds 76m in racks and control mode sprinklers are

utilized levels of in-rack sprinklers are within the rack structure

In-rack sprinklers require water shields to protect their operating elements from

the ceiling sprinklers Water shields are required to be a minimum of 76mm in

diameter

In-rack sprinklers are intermediate level sprinklers as there is at least one level of

sprinklers above them

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 44

In-rack sprinklers are typically have k factors of 80 and 115 but in some cases are

as large as 161

In-rack sprinklers are usually located in the longitudinal flue space of the rack but

can be located at the face of the rack loading entrance and can be located within

the

storage space within the rack

Rack structures with solid barriers require levels of in-rack sprinklers above the

storage where the solid barriers exist

Control mode sprinklers for storage

In-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 45

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Control Mode Special Application

Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 46

K161 Upright CMSA

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler is known by a couple of other names

The Large Drop Sprinkler

The High Challenge Sprinkler

The K161 CMSA upright sprinkler was the first storage sprinkler developed

with full scale fire tests series

As an upright sprinkler it can be installed on dry systems and double interlocked Pre-action

systems The greatest use of this sprinkler has been in the protection of freezers rolled

paper storage and rubber tire storage Known for many years as a Large Drop sprinkler it

was the first storage sprinkler to prove that large water droplets penetrated the fire plume

more effectively than water droplets from standard spray sprinklers that have smaller water

droplets

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 47

Storage type Max storage

height (m)

Max ceiling height (m)

Min head pressure (bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I or II 76 91 07 (15 operating) 171

Class III or IV 76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

Cartoned or exposed unexpanded

76 91 15 (15 operating) 297

K161 Upright CMSA (VK540)

Different to standard control mode sprinklers

Have their own design criteria

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 48

K19 (US) K282 (Metric) 1rdquo NPT or 1rdquo BSP thread 71degC and 96degC

NOT an ESFR but design principles are similar

ndash Wet systems only ndash Max ceiling slope 95deg ndash Min clearance to top of storage 914mm ndash Max area per sprinkler 93m2

ndash Max distance between sprinklers 37m ndash Class I-IV and cartoned unexpanded plastics

Obstruction criteria not as limiting as ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 49

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Storage type

Max storage height

(m)

Max ceiling height

(m)

Sprinklers operating pressure

(bar)

Min flow

(lpm)

Class I-IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

107 122 K14 ESFR 12 52 456

K168 ESFR 12 36 456

K19 CMSA 15 21 408

K252 ESFR 12 17 469

Class IV

Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics

NR 105 K19 SR 15 17 365

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 50

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 51

Stems spaced less than 23m but more than 09m on centers regardless of the

depth of tee must be located at the horizontal Plane or 25mm above the

horizontal plane of the bottom of the stems

Not allowed for ESFR

K283 Pendant CMSA (VK592)

Concrete tee construction

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 52

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Suppression Mode Storage Sprinklers

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 53

ESFR

ESFR Sprinklers were developed by Factory Mutual in the early 1980rsquos ESFR

sprinklers are suppression sprinklers meaning these type of sprinklers are

designed not to control a fire but to suppress the fire

ESFR sprinklers in standard commodity storage such as Class l Class ll Class lll

Class lV commodities and plastic commodities can eliminate in-rack sprinklers

ESFR sprinklers are limited to wet type sprinkler systems and must be installed in

buildings that have flat ceilings or roofs (Flat ceilings are defined as roof pitches

no greater than 50mm in 300mm

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 54

In-Rack Sprinkler With Water

Shield Control Mode Sprinkler

In-rack protection

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 55

ESFRrsquos eliminate the need for in-rack sprinklers

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 56

K Factor Minimum Maximum

202 100mm 355mm

242 100mm 355mm

322 100mm

450mm

363 100mm 450mm

Deflector distance from ceiling

The ceiling slope

cannot exceed

212

Roof smoke vents

are prohibited by

NFPA 13 and

Factory Mutual

Pendant ESFR sprinklers

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 57

Avoid Obstructions

Do not have any obstruction directly

Below the pendent ESFR sprinkler head

Do not locate a pendent ESFR closer

Than 300mm to bottom chord of a bar joist

Water discharge from the ESFR will be re-

directed from the fire to adjacent ESFR

sprinklers

Pendant ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 58

Normally (12) ESFR sprinklers are designed

to operate in a fire If an ESFR sprinkler is

obstructed the re-directed water discharge

will cool ESFR sprinklers near it and prevent

them from operating Heat from the fire will

travel to ESFR sprinklers away from the fire

and cause them to operate which will have

tragic consequences More ESFR sprinklers

will operate than designed for and the fire

will not be suppressed or controlled

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Avoid obstructions

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 59

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Obstructions

Of particular concernhellip

anything within 305 mm laterally of the deflector within the 610

mm space under the sprinkler

hellipobstructions as small as 19 mm diameter bridging can interfere

with proper ESFR pendent Sprinkler performancehelliprdquo

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 60

Cold-soldering which causes sprinkler skipping

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 61

75 to 93 m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed 3m

For lower building heights spacing between sprinklers and branch

lines may range from 24m to 37m

Pendant ESFRrsquos

Allowable spacing per FM 2-0

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 62

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

50 PSI

(344 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 35 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

75 PSI

(517 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K202 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K202 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 63

Ceiling Height Minimum

Pressure

Flow Rate

30 ft and less

(914 m and

less)

35 PSI

(241 Bar)

9899 GPM

(3746 lpm)

+30 ft to 40 ft

(+914m to

1219m)

52 PSI

(358 Bar)

1212 GPM

(4587 lpm)

Minimum K242 Design Pressure and Flow Rate

Refer to Specific Design Standard for Commodity Storage

And specific application installation requirements

K242 Design criteria

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 64

UL Listed FM Approved for rack storage up to 122m high in 137m high buildings with no in-rack sprinklers Refer to individual design standards for specific commodity and application requirements

Deflector distance- minimum of 102mm and a maximum of 457mm

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 65

Factory Mutual has different design

requirements for K322 and K363 ESFR

sprinklers than UL NFPA 13 utilizes the UL

design requirements but in some cases uses

FM design requirements for specific storage

types example rubber tire storage

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 66

K322 and K363 ESFRrsquos

Storage height

Ceiling height

K322 UL

K363 UL

K322 FM

K363 FM

122 137 535 603 598 674

28 28 34 34

107 122 535 477 567 603

28 17 31 28

91 107 500 426 535 522

24 14 28 21

76 91 423 369 500 426

17 10 24 14

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 67

Distance below ceiling

Position fusible element between 4rdquo

(100 mm) and 13rdquo (330 mm) below the

ceiling

Install directly onto piping

up to 3rdquo (75 mm)

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 68

74m2 to 93m2 per Sprinkler

Distance between sprinklers amp branch lines

For buildings over 91m high do not exceed

30m For lower building heights spacing

between sprinklers and branch lines may range

from 24m to 37m

K202 Upright ESFR

Allowable Spacing (per FM 2-2)

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 69

CommodityUpright

K = 202Class 1-4 and Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic (35 ft Roof Max) Yes

Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastic No

Cartoned Expanded Plastic 30 ft Roof Yes

Uncartoned Expanded Plastic No

Heavyweight Roll paper Yes

Plastic-Coated Heavyweight Roll Paper Yes

Medium Weight Roll Paper Yes

Light Weight (Tissue) Roll Paper No

Rubber Tires On-Side and On-Tread Yes

Aerosols No

Flammable Liquids No

Idle Pallets NoYes on floor storage of idle wooden pallets only

Level 1 Aerosols on floor and in open-frame racks only YES

K202 Upright ESFR

Commodity Restrictions for Upright ESFR Sprinklers

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 70

Upright K14 ESFR sprinklers are approved for

installation above continuous ungrouped

obstructions up to 4rdquo (100 mm) wide when

protecting Class I-IV or cartoned unexpanded or

expanded plastics commodities

Full scale fire tests were performed to prove

small obstructions did not negatively effect the

performance of the sprinkler

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 71 Factory Mutual Test Facility

Upright ESFR

K202 Upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 72

When can Upright and Pendent

ESFRrsquos be installed on the same

system

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 73

When the ceiling height does not exceed

107m and the commodities being stored are

within the allowable protection schemes of

upright ESFR sprinklers

Both upright and pendent ESFR sprinklers are

required to have their fusible element within

100mm and 330mm from the ceiling

Generally sprinkler lines with obstructed

pendent ESFR sprinklers can have their

outlets turned 180deg and accommodate an

upright ESFR

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 74

Obstruction to pendent ESFR Many times obstructions occur after the

sprinklers are installed Other trades will install their materials below pendent

ESFRrsquos obstructing the sprinkler and creating an in-effective

system installation

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 75

When room exists above the sprinkler line for an upright ESFR sprinkler turning

the outlet to the pendent sprinkler 180deg and installing an upright ESFR is a cost

effective method of repairing the problem

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 76

Viking Product Seminar

Part 2 - Sprinklers

Changes to FM Rules

copy Viking

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 77

CMDA ndash Control Mode Density Area

lsquoStandardrsquo sprinkler design with design area number of sprinklers on set spacing etc

ESFR ndash Early Suppression Fast Response

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Special installation limitations

CMSA ndash Control Mode Special Application

Specified number of sprinklers at minimum operating pressure Not as limiting as ESFR

NFPA amp UL Terminology

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 78

New FM Changes

CMDA

ESFR

CMSA

lsquoStorage Sprinklerrsquo

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 79

New FM Changes

What Sprinklers is FM referring to

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

K 112 Pendent QR eg Viking VK 377

K 14 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 500

K 168 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 503

K 224 Pendent QR

K 252 Pendent QR eg Viking ESFR VK 510

K 252 Extended Coverage Pendent CMSA QR

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

Pendent SR K 112 eg Viking VK 536

Pendent SR K 14

Pendent SR K 196 eg Viking VK 592

Pendent SR K 252

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

Upright K 112 QR eg Viking VK 531

Upright K 14 QR eg Viking ESFR VK 520

Upright K 168 QR

Upright K 252 EC QR eg Viking VK595

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

Upright K 112 SR eg Viking VK 530

Upright K 168 SR eg Viking VK 580

Upright K 252 SR

Upright K 196 SR

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 85

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 86

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 87

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 88

High Expansion Foam Systems

Unlike Low expansion systems which form a film or skin across the fuel or object

surface Medium and High Expansion systems achieve fire control and extinction

due to rapid smothering and cooling

Fires involving solid material as well as flammable liquids can be controlled and extinguished using high expansion foam - Aircraft hangars - Logistics Storage occupancies - Enclosed spaces - Hazards subject to 3-dimensional fires - LNG Storage Tanks High Expansion Foams cannot typically used outdoors The denser Medium Expansion Foam is more suited to outdoors conditions

Introduction to Foam ndash Foam Types

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 89

Foam Discharge Video

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 90

Thank youhellip

hellipany questions

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom

copy Viking Page 91

Karl Keller

kellerkviking-emeacom

Ambrogio Pertile

pertileaviking-emeacom

wwwviking-emeacom