EARTH

SCIENCE UNIT ONE

THE SC I ENCE OF C

HEM ISTRY !

HOW DOES CHEMISTRY RELATE TO ME?

EVERYTHING YOU SEE AROUND YOU IS MADE UP OF ELEMENTS

ATOMSAT O M S A R E T H E S M A L L E S T U N I T O F M ATT E R T H AT M A K E U P A N E L E M E N T

Atoms are made up of subatomic particles

• Neutrons• Protons• Electrons

THE STRUCTURE OF AN ATOM

DRAW!!

EACH SUBATOMIC PARTICLE HAS ITS OWN PROPERTYP R O T O N S H A V E A P O S I T I V E C H A R G E A N D A M A S S O F 1

N E U T R O N S H A V E A N E U T R A L C H A R G E A N D A M A S S O F 1

E L E C T R O N S H A V E A N E G A T I V E C H A R G E A N D N O M A S S *

Number of protons = Atomic numberNumber of electrons = Same as Protons or Atomic number minus the charge (if it is ion)Number of neutrons = Mass number minus Atomic number

AN ELEMENTI S A S U B S TA N C E T H AT C A N N O T B E B R O K E N D O W N T O O T H E R S U B S TA N C E S BY C H E M I C A L R E A C T I O N SI N A N E L E M E N T , A L L O F T H E AT O M S A R E T H E S A M E

When viewing these elements you will often see them on a Periodic Table

CARBON

Number of protons = Atomic numberNumber of electrons = Atomic number minus the charge (if it is ion)Number of neutrons = Mass number minus Atomic number

*Atomic number is switched around in this diagram

A COMPOUND IS A SUBSTANCE MADE OF TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS

Chlorine gas

Solid Sodium+ =

Table salt… or NaCl

ex: argon -Ar

nitrogen – N2

Ex:H2O or Water

Most materials are mixture and can be made of elements, compounds, or both

* Mixtures can be separated by physical means

STATES OF MATTER

The Four States of Matter are___SolidLiquidGasPlasma

STATES OF MATTER CAN CHANGE BASED UPON particle arrangementenergy of particlesdistance between particles

STATES OF MATTERSOLIDS

•Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position.

•Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Heat

STATES OF MATTERLIQUID Particles of liquids

are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another.

Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. Heat

STATES OF MATTERGAS Particles of

gases are very far apart and move freely.

Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Heat

BUT WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU RAISE THE TEMPERATURE TO SUPER-HIGH LEVELS…BETWEEN 1832°F AND 1,800,000,000°F ?

Will everything just be a gas?

STATES OF MATTERPLASMA A plasma is an

ionized gas. A plasma is a very

good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.

Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.

• Plasma is the most common state of matter

ASSIGNMENT FOR TODAY

Foldable of types states of matter

What molecule supports all life?

WATER!!!

Next week when we learn about earth interior we will discuss the different elements that make up our planet

And which layer they’re is a different state of matter!

WHY IS CHEMISTRY HELPFUL FOR OUR EARTH SCIENCE CLASS?