Early English Colonial Attempts

Roanoke, Jamestown, Plymouth Colony

Roanoke (The Lost Colony)

• Sir Walter Raleigh asked Queen Elizabeth of England if he could lead a group of people to begin a colony in the USA.

• Queen Elizabeth gave Raleigh a charter (a document that allowed colonists to live on land owned by their country.)

• 1584 Raleigh sends first expedition crew they land on the Outer Banks and travel to Roanoke Island

• 1585 Raleigh sends second crew to set up a colony, Richard Granville commanded the ships, Ralph Lane sent to build the fort and settlement

Roanoke (The Lost Colony)

• Along with the 1585 crew of 100 soldiers were scientist and an artist John White.

• In 1586 with dwindling supplies and conflicts with the Native Americans, The soldiers and inhabitants of Roanoke set sail back to England

• Sir Walter Raleigh was determined to create a settlement in America, and send another crew to start a colony this time the 110 settlers included women and children

Roanoke (The Lost Colony)

• One of the settlers was John White’s daughter that was pregnant

• Virginia Dare was born one month after arrival on Roanoke Island, and is the first born european in the new world

• The settlement was running out of supplies, John White went back to England for supplies and did not return for 3 years

• When White returned there was no one left in the settlement and the only clue of what happened was a wood post with the word “CROATOAN” carved on it

Theories of the Lost Colony

• In White's opinion, they moved "[f]ifty miles into the maine," arguably meaning they moved inland, into the forests of North Carolina

• The Jamestown colonists sent out several search parties to find members of the lost colony and made a habit of questioning any Native Americans with whom the Jamestown members made contact. Some of these natives told tales of white settlements further down the coast, with two-story, thatched-roof houses, a style unique to the English. Others told of nearby tribes who could read English and dressed similarly to Europeans. Perhaps the most dramatic report from Jamestown was the sighting of a boy dressed as a native. He had blond hair and was fair-skinned

• most widely held theory of what became of the Roanoke colonists: They assimilated into some friendly Native American tribe. Over the course of generations, intermarriage between the natives and the English would produce a third, distinct group. This group may be the Lumbee tribe. The Lumbee tribe is native to North Carolina, yet no certain lineage can be pinned down

Theories of the Lost Colony

• another explanation is that the Roanoke settlers fell victim to the Spanish, whose settlement was just down the coast in Florida. It's certain that the Spanish in the West Indies were aware of the English colonists' presence. One Roanoke settler named Darby Glande left the 1587 expedition once it set ashore in Puerto Rico to take on supplies. He later reported that he told Spanish officials the location of the Roanoke settlement

• the colonists wandered into a violent shift in the balance of power among inland tribes. Natives with whom the colonists were friendly lost their hold over the area, and Native Americans hostile to the settlers took control

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofhIJ1wMKtc

Jamestown• In 1606, King James I gave

permission to the Virginia Company of London to try a colony.

• Christopher Newport led the three ships, Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery to Jamestown.

• On May 14, 1607, the settlers began building the first English permanent settlement on the James River in Virginia.

• Jamestown was named after the King James I

Reasons for Jamestown Difficulties

• Not educated in how to plant food in Virginia.

• Little knowledge of Virginia landscape.

• Not enough people in the Jamestown settlement especially hard working people.

• Native American Battles

Jamestown• John Smith was the leader of the

colony. • Smith was a hard leader but his

leadership is what kept the colony alive.

• Motto of Jamestown, “He who does not work, does not eat”

Jamestown• John Rolfe in 1614 found a way to

harvest tobacco. • This quickly became the cash crop

of Virginia. • He also married Pocahontas in

1614 and thus created peace with the Powhatan Native Americans for 8 years.

jamestown• 1619 Slaves / Indentured Servants

were brought to the USA for the 1st time..

• The first time the House of Burgesses met.

• 1620 Women Came to the colonies.