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Early Childhood CariesResource Guide

National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health

EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIESRESOURCE GUIDE

EDITED BY

MICHELLE CLARK

KATRINA HOLT, M.P.H., M.S., R.D.

NOVEMBER 1998

NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION IN MATERNAL AND

CHILD HEALTH

ARLINGTON,VA

Cite asClark M, Holt K, eds. 1998. Early Childhood Caries Resource Guide. Arlington, VA: National Center forEducation in Maternal and Child Health.

Early Childhood Caries Resource Guide is not copyrighted. Readers are free to duplicate and use all orpart of the information contained in this publication. In accordance with accepted publishing standards,the National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health (NCEMCH) requests acknowledgment, inprint, of any information reproduced in another publication.

The mission of the National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health is to provide national lead-ership to the maternal and child health community in three key areas—program development, policyanalysis and education, and state-of-the-art knowledge—to improve the health and well-being of thenation’s children and families. The Center’s multidisciplinary staff work with a broad range of public andprivate agencies and organizations to develop and improve programs in response to current needs inmaternal and child health, address critical and emergent public policy issues in maternal and child health,and produce and provide access to a rich variety of policy and programmatic information. Established in1982 at Georgetown University, NCEMCH is part of the Georgetown Public Policy Institute. NCEMCH isfunded primarily by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through the Health Resourcesand Services Administration’s Maternal and Child Health Bureau.

This resource guide was developed by National Maternal and Child Oral Health Resource Center staffMichelle Clark and Katrina Holt, M.P.H., M.S., R.D. The resource center is supported at NCEMCH to provide current information and materials to assist states, communities, health providers, and others inimproving oral health services for children, adolescents, and their families. The resource center collectsinformation from oral health programs and initiatives funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureauand other federal agencies, state and local government programs, professional associations, corporatesponsors, and foundations. The resource center also collects program descriptions and programmaticmaterials such as standards, guidelines, curricula, and professional and patient education materials.

Published by:National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health2000 15th Street, North, Suite 701Arlington, VA 22201-2617(703) 524-7802 • (703) 524-9335 faxInternet: [email protected] Wide Web: www.ncemch.org

Single copies available at no cost from:National Maternal and Child Health Clearinghouse2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite 450Vienna, VA 22182-2536(703) 356-1964 • (703) 821-2098 fax

For programmatic information, please contact:John Rossetti, D.D.S., M.P.H.Maternal and Child Health Bureau5600 Fishers LaneParklawn Building, Room 18A-39Rockville, MD 20857(301) 443-6600

This publication has been produced by the National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Healthunder its cooperative agreement (MCU-119301) with the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, HealthResources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Introduction v

Acknowledgments vi

Journal Articles 1

Publications and Resource Materials 5

Federal Agencies and Professional Organizations 21

CONTENTS

The National Maternal and Child Oral HealthResource Center, supported by the Maternal andChild Health Bureau (MCHB), Health Resourcesand Services Administration, at the National Cen-ter for Education in Maternal and Child Health(NCEMCH), has developed this Early ChildhoodCaries Resource Guide to assist health profes-sionals, caregivers, and others in the preventionof early childhood caries (ECC), also known asbaby bottle tooth decay. Listing a variety ofresources that include journal articles, education-al materials, and oral health and nutrition agen-cies and organizations, this resource guide isintended to promote the exchange of informa-tion that will help children and their familieslearn healthy oral-hygiene habits with a lifetimeof benefits.

Five to ten percent of young children experi-ence early childhood caries. This rate is evenhigher among children from families with lowincomes and in some racial/ethnic minority pop-ulations. The pain and other problems associatedwith ECC do not simply disappear when chil-dren lose their primary teeth. Young childrenwith untreated dental caries may develop pooreating habits and speech problems, and they areat increased risk for future dental caries.

ECC is caused by frequent and prolongedexposure of a child’s teeth to carbohydrates, par-ticularly sugar in milk, juice, or infant formula.This exposure is often the result of putting achild to bed with a bottle containing sugary liq-uid or allowing a child to drink at will from abottle during the day. The milk, juice, or formulapools around the teeth, and bacteria in the

child’s mouth turn the sugars to acid that causesdecay. Some breastfed infants who feed at willfor an extended period of time also develop apattern of ECC.

Through education and persistence, healthprofessionals and families working together canprevent ECC. The first rule of prevention isnever put a child to bed with a bottle containingsugary liquid. For children who find sucking acomfort and have trouble falling asleep when abottle is no longer offered at bedtime, a pacifieror a bottle filled with water can be used to helpin the transition. Alternatives to a bottle at bed-time include rubbing the child’s back, offeringthe child a stuffed animal, or holding or rockingthe child. Other essential steps in the preventionof ECC include encouraging the child to makethe transition from bottle to tippy cup or smallcup by the age of 12 months, cleaning thechild’s teeth daily from their initial eruption,ensuring that the child receives a first dental visitby 12 months, and urging family members topractice good oral hygiene so no additional bac-teria are passed to the child.

This resource guide is divided into three sec-tions. The first section lists journal articlesappearing in the literature between 1997 and

INTRODUCTION

v

INTRODUCTION

1998. The second section contains the followingtypes of materials: books; curricula, manuals,and modules; guidelines; pamphlets andbrochures; and videotapes. The third section listsfederal agencies and professional organizationsthat may serve as resources. Materials cited in

the resource guide have been added to the MCHLibrary at NCEMCH. Many items in the MCHLibrary are available for loan, or copies of listedmaterials can be requested directly from the con-tributing organizations and agencies. Inclusion inthe resource guide does not imply endorsementby MCHB or NCEMCH. Although we have triedto present a thorough overview of early child-hood caries materials, we realize this listing isnot complete. For further information, weencourage you to contact the agencies and orga-nizations listed in the second section. Your stateand local departments of public health and edu-cation, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Pro-gram for Women, Infants and Children (WIC),and the Head Start Program are additionalsources of information. NCEMCH will update theresource guide periodically, and we wouldappreciate hearing from you if you know of anyresources that are not included in this edition.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

vi

We are grateful to the following experts fortheir review of the resource guide: Donna Blum,Food and Nutrition Service; Ann Drum, Maternaland Child Health Bureau; Candace Jones, IndianHealth Service; Cecilia Richardson, NationalAssociation of WIC Directors; John Rossetti,Maternal and Child Health Bureau; and DeniseSofka, Maternal and Child Health Bureau.

We would like to thank those who respondedto the call for materials and submitted items forthe resource guide. We would also like toexpress our appreciation to Barbara Holcombwho provided a number of the photographs forthe cover and interior of the guide.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

JOURNAL ARTICLES

EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES RESOURCE GUIDE

3

This list contains journal articles appearingin the literature in 1997–98, with the exception of the seminal article by Ripa.

Acs, G., et al. 1998. The effect of dental rehabili-tation on the body weight of children withfailure to thrive: Case reports. Pediatric Den-tistry 19(2):164–168, 170–171.

al-Shalan, T. A., Erickson, P. R., and Hardie, N.A. 1997. Primary incisor decay before age 4 asa risk factor for future dental caries. PediatricDentistry 19(1):37–41.

Berkowitz, R. J., et al. 1997. Clinical outcomesfor nursing caries treated using general anes-thesia. Journal of Dentistry for Children64(3):210–211, 228.

Bowen, W. H. 1998. Response to Seow: Biologi-cal mechanisms of early childhood caries.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology26(Suppl. 1):28–31.

Bruerd, B., Jones, C., and Krise, D. 1997. Pre-venting baby bottle tooth decay and earlychildhood caries among AI/AN infants andchildren. The IHS Primary Care Provider23(3):37–39.

Davies, G. N. 1998. Early childhood caries—A synopsis. Community Dentistry and OralEpidemiology 26(Suppl. 1):106–116.

Drum, M. A., Chen, D. W., and Duffy, R. E.1998. Filling the gap: Equity and access tooral health services for minorities and theunderserved. Family Medicine 30(3):206–209.

Edelstein, B. 1998. Policy issues in early child-hood caries. Community Dentistry and OralEpidemiology 26(Suppl. 1):96–103.

Febres, C., Echeverri, E. A., and Keene, H. J.1997. Parental awareness, habits, and socialfactors and their relationship to baby bottletooth decay. Pediatric Dentistry 19(1):22–27.

Frazier, J., Countie, D., and Elerian, L. 1998.Parental barriers to weaning infants from thebottle. Archives of Pediatric & Adolescent Med-icine 152(9):889–892.

Harrison, R., et al. 1997. Feeding practices anddental caries in an urban Canadian populationof Vietnamese preschool children. Journal ofDentistry for Children 64(2):112–117.

Horowitz, A. M. 1998. Response to Weinstein:Public health issues in early childhood caries.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology26(Suppl. 1):91–95.

Horowitz, H. S. 1998. Research issues in earlychildhood caries. Community Dentistry andOral Epidemiology 26(Suppl. 1):67–81.

Ismail, A. I. 1998. Prevention of early childhoodcaries. Community Dentistry and Oral Epi-demiology 26(Suppl. 1):49–61.

Johnsen, D. C. 1998. Response to Horowitz:Research issues in early childhood caries.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology26(Suppl. 1):82–83.

Kanellis, M. J., Logan, H. L., and Jakobsen, J.1997. Changes in maternal attitudes towardbaby bottle tooth decay. Pediatric Dentistry19(1):56–60.

Kendrick, F., et al. 1998. Comparison of tempera-ments of children with and without baby bottle tooth decay. Journal of Dentistry forChildren 65(3):198.

King, K. A. 1998. Healthy smiles: A multidiscipli-nary baby bottle tooth decay prevention pro-gram. Health Education 29(1):4–10.

Lopez, G. M. 1998. Response to Edelstein: Policyissues in early childhood caries. CommunityDentistry and Oral Epidemiology 26(Suppl.1):104–105.

JOURNAL ARTICLES

Lopez Del Valle, L., et al. 1997. Early childhoodcaries and risk factors in rural Puerto Ricanchildren. Journal of Dentistry for Children64(2):132–135.

Milgrom, P. 1998. Response to Reisine & Dou-glass: Psychosocial and behavioral issues inearly childhood caries. Community Dentistryand Oral Epidemiology 26(Suppl. 1):45–48.

Mohan, A., et al. 1998. The relationship betweenbottle usage/content, age, and number ofteeth with mutans streptococci colonization in 6–24-month-old children. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 26(1):12–20.

Reisine, S., and Douglass, J. M. 1998. Psychoso-cial and behavioral issues in early childhoodcaries. Community Dentistry and Oral Epi-demiology 26(Suppl. 1):32–44.

Ripa, L. 1988. Nursing caries: A comprehensivereview. Pediatric Dentistry 10(4):268–282.

Seiner, K., Rothman, D., and Farrar, J. 1997. Softdrink logos on baby bottles: Do they influ-ence what is fed to children? Journal of Dentistry for Children 64(1):55–60.

Seow, W. K. 1998. Biological mechanisms ofearly childhood caries. Community Dentistryand Oral Epidemiology 26(Suppl. 1):8–27.

Sonis, A., Castle, J., and Duggan, C. 1997. Infantnutrition: Implication for somatic growth,adult onset diseases and oral health. CurrentOpinions in Pediatrics 9(3):289–297.

Tinanoff, N. 1998. Introduction to the EarlyChildhood Caries Conference: Initial descrip-tion and current understanding. CommunityDentistry and Oral Epidemiology 26(Suppl.1):5–7.

Tinanoff, N., Kaste, L., and Corbin, S. 1998. Earlychildhood caries: A positive beginning. Com-munity Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology26(Suppl. 1):117–119.

Tinanoff, N., and O’Sullivan, D. 1997. Earlychildhood caries: Overview and recent find-ings. Pediatric Dentistry 19(1):12–16.

Vargas, C., Crall, J., and Schneider, D. 1998.Sociodemographic distribution of pediatricdental caries: NHANES III, 1988–1994. Journalof the American Dental Association 129(9):1229–1238.

Wandera, A., Feigal, R. J., and Green, T. 1998.Preparation and beliefs of graduates of a pre-doctoral infant oral health clinical program.Pediatric Dentistry 20(5):331–335.

Weerheijm, K. L., et al. 1998. Prolonged demandbreast-feeding and nursing caries. CariesResearch 32(1):46.

Weinstein, P. 1998. Public health issues in earlychildhood caries. Community Dentistry andOral Epidemiology 26(Suppl. 1):84–90.

Weintraub, J. A. 1998. Prevention of early child-hood caries: A public health perspective.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology26(Suppl. 1):62–66.

JOURNAL ARTICLES

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PUBL IC ATIONS AND RESOURCEMATERIALS

AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION.Baby bottle tooth decay.Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 1997.2 pp.

Contact: Catalog Sales, American Dental Associa-tion, P.O. Box 776, Saint Charles, IL 60174. Tele-phone: (800) 947-4746; fax: (888) 476-1880.$17.00 for 50 copies.

This brochure encourages early well-child dentalvisits and provides advice for parents about theprevention of dental problems. The brochure,with supporting color photographs, discusses thehazards of frequent, prolonged exposure to liq-uids containing sugar and also emphasizes fivesteps parents can take to prevent baby bottletooth decay.

AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION.Preventing baby bottle tooth decay: Ask us how.Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 1995.1 poster.

Contact: Catalog Sales, American Dental Associa-tion, P.O. Box 776, Saint Charles, IL 60174. Tele-phone: (800) 947-4746; fax: (888) 476-1880.$24.95 (laminated plaque), $8.00 (paper chart).

This item is available either as a plaque or a wallchart that illustrates the dangers of infant toothdecay. Its focus is baby bottle tooth decay pre-vention.

AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION.You can prevent baby bottle tooth decay.Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 1994.2 pp.

Contact: Catalog Sales, American Dental Associa-tion, P.O. Box 776, Saint Charles, IL 60174. Tele-phone: (800) 947-4746; fax: (888) 476-1880.$19.00 for 100 copies.

This brochure emphasizes the prevention of babybottle tooth decay through education. It discussesthe causes of tooth decay in infants, including theuse of sugary drinks at naptime, at night, andbetween meals. Specific steps to prevent babybottle tooth decay are suggested.

ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

SERVICES, BUREAU OF COMMUNITY AND

FAMILY HEALTH SERVICES, OFFICE OF

ORAL HEALTH.Baby health tip cards: Early childhood cariesintervention education.Phoenix, AZ: Office of Oral Health, ArizonaDepartment of Health Services, [1998]. 6 cards (4 x 6 inches).

Contact: RaNee Tuscano, Office of Oral Health,Arizona Department of Health Services, 1740 WestAdams Street, Phoenix, AZ 85007-2670. Tele-phone: (602) 542-1866; fax: (602) 542-2936. Sin-gle sets available at no charge.

These tip cards for infant oral health are part of ababy bottle tooth decay/early childhood cariesintervention program in Arizona. The cards aredesigned for use with clients in a series of healtheducation visits or for conveying prevention mes-sages. Each of the six cards in the set addresses adifferent aspect of infant oral health: what causesbaby bottle tooth decay, what baby bottle toothdecay causes in turn, how to bottle feed a baby,when a baby can use a cup, when a baby shouldgive up the bottle, and what the white spots on achild’s teeth mean. This health information is ageappropriate and culturally representative. Thecards are available in both English and Spanish.

ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

SERVICES, BUREAU OF COMMUNITY AND

FAMILY HEALTH SERVICES, OFFICE OF

ORAL HEALTH.Oral health fact sheets.


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PUBL IC ATIONS AND RESOURCEMATERIALS

Phoenix, AZ: Office of Oral Health, ArizonaDepartment of Health Services, 1996. 12 sheets.

Contact: Dr. Don Altman, Division of FamilyHealth Services, Office of Oral Health, ArizonaDepartment of Health Services, 1740 West Adams,Room 10, Phoenix, AZ 85007. Telephone: (602)542-1866; fax: (602) 542-2936. Single copies avail-able at no charge.

These fact sheets address 12 oral health topicsusing text with simple illustrations. Titles includeBrushing Your Teeth; Flossing Your Teeth; Fluo-ride to Prevent Tooth Decay; Periodontal Disease;Baby Bottle Tooth Decay; Dental Health DuringPregnancy; Dental Sealants; Oral Injury Preven-tion: Mouth Guards; Tobacco Facts; Oral Cancer;Quitting Spit Tobacco; and Caring for Your Den-tures. The fact sheets are presented in English onone side and Spanish on the other.

ARIZONA HEALTHY MOTHERS, HEALTHY

BABIES COALITION; AND ARIZONA

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES,DIVISION OF FAMILY HEALTH SERVICES,OFFICE OF ORAL HEALTH SUBCOMMITTEE.Baby bottle tooth decay.Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Department of Health Services, 1991. 11 pp.

Contact: Librarian, National Center for Educationin Maternal and Child Health, 2000 15th Street,North, Suite 701, Arlington, VA 22201-2617. Tele-phone: (703) 524-7802; fax: (703) 524-9335; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.ncemch.org. Photocopy available at no charge.

This booklet uses color photographs and draw-ings to inform parents about baby bottle toothdecay. The illustrations are accompanied by textindicating the major concepts related to the con-dition and its prevention. The booklet discussessymptoms, causal factors, preventive measures,and various techniques parents can use to helptheir children use a cup instead of a bottle. Thebooklet is available in English and Spanish.

BOTHWELL, E., BRUERD, B., AND KINNEY,M. B.Preventing baby bottle tooth decay in NativeAmerican communities: An applied researchmodel.

Albuquerque, NM: Indian Health Service, [U.S.Department of Health and Human Services], ca.1990. 29 pp.

Contact: Candace Jones, Indian Health ServiceDental Program, 5600 Fishers Lane, ParklawnBuilding, Room 6A-30, Rockville, MD 20857. Tele-phone: (301) 443-1106; fax: (301) 594-6610. Sin-gle photocopies available at no charge.

This report describes a model for promotinghealth prevention initiatives that target baby bot-tle tooth decay in Native American infants. Thereport introduces and defines the problem, out-lines the objectives and the philosophical andstructural framework of the program, and assess-es the role of epidemiological, behavioral, andeducational diagnoses and behavioral models indeveloping intervention strategies. The report alsodiscusses tailoring the intervention to meet com-munity needs and considers the role of adminis-trative functions in implementing an intervention.The document includes information on designinga program evaluation and presents the results ofan evaluation of 12 study sites.

BOTHWELL, E., BURGESS, R., AND KINNEY,M. B.Evaluation and expansion of the IHS/HeadStart/CDC baby bottle tooth decay (BBTD)prevention project.Rockville, MD: Indian Health Service, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services,1992. ca. 100 pp.

Contact: Librarian, National Center for Educationin Maternal and Child Health, 2000 15th Street,North, Suite 701, Arlington, VA 22201-2617. Tele-phone: (703) 524-7802; fax: (703) 524-9335; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.ncemch.org. Available for loan.

This report describes the evaluation of the exportof technology from the Baby Bottle Tooth DecayPrevention Project to other Indian Health Servicesites where baby bottle tooth decay prevalence is15 percent or higher. Strategies included thedevelopment of a marketing plan, establishmentof a hotline and a newsletter, and identificationand training in two communities.

PUBL IC ATIONS AND RESOURCE MATERIALS

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BRUERD, B.Oral health education catalog ofrecommended materials and programs.Albuquerque, NM: Indian Health Service DentalProgram, U.S. Department of Health and HumanServices, 1997. 50 pp.

Contact: Candace Jones, Indian Health ServiceDental Program, 5600 Fishers Lane, ParklawnBuilding, Room 6A-30, Rockville, MD 20857. Tele-phone: (301) 443-1106; fax: (301) 594-6610. Sin-gle photocopies available at no charge.

This periodic catalog of dental health educationmaterials is divided into the following broad cate-gories: baby bottle tooth decay, children’s oralhealth, dental sealants, nutrition and oral health,periodontal diseases, oral health for people withdisabilities, fluorides and fluoridation, oralhygiene instruction, pregnancy and oral health,tobacco, and general oral health. Materials listedinclude pamphlets, videotapes, slide presenta-tions, and other health education materials. Foreach category, program descriptions follow thelist of materials. Entries provide information ontitle, target audience, format, cost, and source.The methodology for selecting and rating thesematerials is described; some, but not all, of theitems were tested for degree of difficulty by usingthe SMOG index for reading materials. The 1988edition is titled Oral Health Educational MaterialsCatalog; the 1993 edition, Oral Health EducationCatalog of Recommended Materials.

BRUERD, B., AND JONES, C.Stop tooth decay among our Native American children!Salem, OR: Head Start, Indian Health Service,U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,1985, 1995 (rev.). 24 pp.

Contact: Barbara Holcomb, 12830 S.W. FoothillDrive, Portland, OR 97225-5516. Telephone: (503)644-1026. $16.75, book; $31.00, slides; plus ship-ping and handling.

This flip chart shows parents how to use goodoral hygiene to prevent dental caries in theirinfants and children. Accompanied by pho-tographs of Native American parents and children,the messages highlight basic oral health concepts.The flip chart is divided into two sections: the firstcovers the oral health of infants ages newborn to

1 year; the second, children ages 1–5 years. Top-ics include prevention of baby bottle tooth decay,prevention of caries in children, the role of nutri-tion in oral health, and dental hygiene. The con-tents are also available as slides for use in pre-sentations with larger groups.

BRUERD, B., KINNEY, M. B., AND

BACKINGER, C.Parents helping parents stop baby bottletooth decay.Salem, OR: Head Start, Indian Health Service,U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,1989. 20 pp.

Contact: Barbara Holcomb, 12830 S.W. FoothillDrive, Portland, OR 97225-5516. Telephone: (503)644-1026. $18.00, booklet; $31.50, slides; plusshipping and handling.

This booklet describes methods for preventingbaby bottle tooth decay. The book is formatted inflip chart form and uses photographs and text todescribe this condition and its prevalence amongNative American infants and children. The book-let and the accompanying slides are available inversions for Native American, multiethnic, andSpanish-speaking populations.

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

SERVICES, CHILDREN’S MEDICAL SERVICES.How to prevent baby bottle tooth decay.Sacramento, CA: Children’s Medical Services, Cal-ifornia Department of Health Services, 1997. 4 pp.


This pamphlet describes what baby bottle toothdecay is and how it is caused. Illustrated sectionsdiscuss what parents and caregivers can do aboutbaby bottle tooth decay, how to put a baby tobed without a bottle, how to check a baby’s teeth,and what parents or caregivers should do if theythink their baby has baby bottle tooth decay. Thispamphlet is available in English, Spanish, Hmong,

Vietnamese, Russian, Chinese, and Cambodian.[Funded by the Maternal and Child HealthBureau]

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

SERVICES, CHILDREN’S MEDICAL SERVICES.You can prevent baby bottle tooth decay.(Rev. ed.)Sacramento, CA: Children’s Medical Services, California Department of Health Services, 1996.16 pp.

Contact: Librarian, National Center for Educationin Maternal and Child Health, 2000 15th Street,North, Suite 701, Arlington, VA 22201-2617. Tele-phone: (703) 524-7802; fax: (703) 524-9335; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.ncemch.org. Available for loan.

This flip chart for teaching prevention of babybottle tooth decay is intended for use with one tothree clients at a time. The format allows theclient to look at the picture(s) on the front andthe instructor to look at information from the backat the same time. Text is in both English andSpanish.

CASAMASSIMO, P. (ED.)Bright futures in practice: Oral health.Arlington, VA: National Center for Education inMaternal and Child Health, 1996. Book, 130 pp.;brochure, 2 pp.

Contact: National Maternal and Child HealthClearinghouse, 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite450, Vienna, VA 22182-2536. Telephone: (703)356-1964; fax: (703) 821-2098; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.circsol.com/mch. $12.50 includes shipping and handling.

This guide is designed to help dental profession-als and others implement the oral health–relatedguidelines published in Bright Futures: Guidelinesfor Health Supervision of Infants, Children, andAdolescents. The oral health guide provides spe-cific health promotion/disease prevention guide-lines. Chapters cover oral health supervisionguidelines, risk assessment, measurement of out-comes, steps to make oral health supervisionaccessible, and essentials of oral health. Appen-dices include a glossary, fluoride supplementa-tion schedule, infection control references,

resources, and a bibliography. A separatebrochure describes this publication and includesan order form. [Funded by the Maternal and ChildHealth Bureau]

CASAMASSIMO, P. (ED.)Bright futures in practice: Oral health quickreference cards.Arlington, VA: National Center for Education inMaternal and Child Health, 1997. 15 pp.

Contact: National Maternal and Child HealthClearinghouse, 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite450, Vienna, VA 22182-2536. Telephone: (703)356-1964; fax: (703) 821-2098; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.circsol.com/mch. $3.50 includes shipping and handling.

These cards provide information for families andhealth professionals to use in supervising the oralhealth of infants, children, and adolescents. Theylist topics that families should be prepared to dis-cuss with the provider at each health visit, andthe services they should expect from dental andhealth professionals. For each stage of growth(infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, andadolescence), the cards list interview questions,desired health outcomes, and anticipatory guid-ance for parents so oral health problems can beavoided. The cards also list risk factors for dentalcaries, periodontal disease, malocclusion, andinjury, as well as steps that can be taken to pro-tect against these problems. [Funded by theMaternal and Child Health Bureau]

CHINOOK HEALTH REGION.Client counseling guidelines on oral healthfrom birth to two years of age.Fort Macleod, Alberta: Chinook Health Region,1998. 9 pp.

Contact: Coral Grant, Chinook Health Region,Box 727, 521–26 Street, Fort Macleod, Alberta,Canada T0L 0Z0. Telephone: (403) 553-4451; fax:(403) 553-2333; e-mail: [email protected] copies available at no charge.

These guidelines are designed to improve consis-tency of information, provide counseling guide-lines for staff, and ensure that the most currentapproaches are recommended to maintain andimprove the oral health of children in the Chi-


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nook Health Region of Alberta, Canada. The top-ics discussed are breastfeeding, bottlefeeding,nutrition, sucking behaviors, teething, teeth clean-ing, prevention of transfer of cariogenic bacteria,tongue-tied infants, children at high risk for den-tal caries, visits to oral health professionals, paci-fiers vs. thumbsucking, the Chinook HealthRegion Oral Health Program, and fluoridation. Anoral health screening document for parents isincluded.

COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY.Bright Smiles, Bright Futures oral healtheducation program for Head Start.New York, NY: Colgate-Palmolive Company,[1998]. 1 teacher’s curriculum guide, 1 videotape,24 take-home messages for parents, 23 lightswitch stickers, 1 audiotape, 2 wall posters, 1 large storybook, 2 mouth and toothbrush models.

Contact: Bright Smiles, Bright Futures, Colgate-Palmolive Company, 1133 Broadway, Suite 1123,New York, NY 10010. Telephone: (800) 334-7734.$35.00.

This multicultural oral health program kit containsa teacher curriculum guide and materials for pro-moting dental health among children in HeadStart and early childhood programs. The curricu-lum presents information on baby teeth; plaque,decay, and baby bottle tooth decay; toothbrush-ing; tooth protectors (fluoride and dentalsealants); healthy eating; visits to the dentist; oralsafety; and a family oral health event. The kitincludes a teacher’s guide, videotape, storybook,pamphlets for parents, wall posters, and lightswitch stickers. Mouth and toothbrush models areavailable for purchase separately. Portions of thekit are in both English and Spanish.

COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY.Bright Smiles, Bright Futures oral healtheducation program for preschool.New York, NY: Colgate-Palmolive Company,[1998]. 1 teacher’s curriculum guide, 1 videotape,24 take-home messages for parents, 23 lightswitch stickers, 1 audiotape, 2 wall posters, 1large storybook.

Contact: Bright Smiles, Bright Futures, Colgate-Palmolive Company, 1133 Broadway, Suite 1123,

New York, NY 10010. Telephone: (800) 334-7734.$35.00.

This kit contains a teacher curriculum guide andmaterials for promoting oral health amongpreschool students. The curriculum presentsinformation on baby teeth; plaque, decay, andbaby bottle tooth decay; toothbrushing; tooth pro-tectors (fluoride and dental sealants); healthy eat-ing; visits to the dentist; oral safety; and a familyoral health event. The kit includes a teacher’sguide, videotape, storybook, pamphlets for par-ents, wall posters, and light switch stickers. Por-tions of the kit are in both English and Spanish.

DENTAL HEALTH FOUNDATION.Protect your child’s teeth! Put your baby tobed with love, not a bottle.San Rafael, CA: Dental Health Foundation, 1988.2 pp.

Contact: National Maternal and Child HealthClearinghouse, 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite450, Vienna, VA 22182-2536. Telephone: (703)356-1964; fax: (703) 821-2098; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.circsol.com/mch. Available at no charge.

This brochure describes what baby bottle toothdecay is and explains how to protect a baby’steeth. The brochure is available in English, Span-ish, Chinese, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Laotian,and Thai. The brochure was developed for clientswith low-literacy levels and was tested for cultur-al sensitivity. It has been evaluated (for readinglevel and understanding) among the target popu-lations in clinics.

DENTAL SOCIETY OF THE STATE OF

NEW YORK.Protect your baby’s precious smile.Albany, NY: Dental Society of the State of NewYork, [1998]. 2 pp.

Contact: Sandra Gally, Dental Society of the Stateof New York, 121 State Street, Fourth Floor,Albany, NY 12207-1622. Telephone: (518) 465-0044; fax: (518) 465-3219; e-mail: [email protected]. Single copies available at no charge.

This brochure explains what causes baby bottletooth decay and how it affects children. Ways to


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prevent baby bottle tooth decay are discussed,including putting the baby to bed without a bot-tle and the timing of feeding sugar-containing liq-uids to the baby.

HALOFSKY, M., AND GELLERT, K.Show your teeth!!! Good beginnings forgorgeous smiles—Only grownups can makeit happen.Westwood, NJ: New Jersey Statewide Coalitionfor Child Care, 1996. 2 pp.


This flyer teaches about the formation of chil-dren’s teeth and the prevention of baby bottletooth decay. It presents the value of fluoridetoothpaste in the prevention of dental caries.Extensive color illustrations are included. Oneside of the flyer is in English; the other side is inSpanish.

HARRISON, R. L.A culturally-specific oral health program forhigh risk Vietnamese children: A community-based dental health promotion project.Unpublished manuscript, 1997. 19 pp.

Contact: Rosamund L. Harrison, Division of Pedi-atric Dentistry, University of British Columbia,2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Colum-bia, Canada V6T 1Z3. Telephone: (604) 822-2094;fax: (604) 822-3562; e-mail: [email protected] copies available at no charge.

This final report summarizes and reviews a com-munity-based oral health project involving theVietnamese community of Vancouver, BritishColumbia. The project was designed to preventtooth decay among the community’s Vietnamesechildren, who are at high risk for baby bottle toothdecay. The report includes a brief summary of theproject; demonstration components (methodolo-gy, problems encountered, timetables); significantfindings; process, impact, and outcome evaluationcomponents; and project outcomes. Specific pro-

jects involved individual counseling, an educa-tional videotape for parents, and community out-reach through presentations, print media, andradio interviews. Appendices include a follow-upsurvey and an evaluation questionnaire.

HARRISON, R. L.Preventing nursing caries: A culturallysensitive approach—A community-based oralhealth promotion project.Unpublished manuscript, 1996. 21 pp.

Contact: Rosamund L. Harrison, Division of Pedi-atric Dentistry, University of British Columbia,2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Colum-bia, Canada V6T 1Z3. Telephone: (604) 822-2094;fax: (604) 822-3562; e-mail: [email protected] copies available at no charge.

This final report reviews and summarizes a com-munity-based, culturally sensitive oral health pro-ject in Canim Lake, British Columbia. The projectaimed to promote quality infant feeding and pre-vent baby bottle tooth decay in the Canim LakeBand, a Shuswap community of 500 membersbelonging to the First Nations group. The reportsummarizes the project and reviews the demon-stration components (methodology, problemsencountered, timetables), evaluation components(process, impact, and outcome), and project out-comes. Two of the projects implemented—a cra-dle loan project and construction of a smoke-house—were related to historical Shuswaptraditions for comforting fussy babies. Appendicesinclude a sample questionnaire and an evaluationform.

IOWA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH,BUREAU OF NUTRITION AND WIC.Tips for weaning your child.Des Moines, IA: Bureau of Nutrition and WIC,Iowa Department of Public Health, 1997. 1 p.

Contact: Jewell Chapman, Iowa Department ofPublic Health, 321 East 12th and Grand, DesMoines, IA 50319-0075. Telephone: (515) 281-4919; fax: (515) 281-4913; e-mail: [email protected]. Single copies available at nocharge.

This leaflet provides seven tips to make weaningeasier. It discusses the difficulty of weaning from


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a bottle for children more than 15 months old.The leaflet guides parents in selecting a methodfor weaning.

IOWA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH,BUREAU OF NUTRITION AND WIC.Weaning.Des Moines, IA: Bureau of Nutrition and WIC,Iowa Department of Public Health, 1997. 4 pp.

Contact: Jewell Chapman, Iowa Department ofPublic Health, 321 East 12th and Grand, DesMoines, IA 50319-0075. Telephone: (515) 281-4919; fax: (515) 281-4913; e-mail: [email protected]. Single copies available at nocharge.

This pamphlet discusses weaning, breastfeeding,and bottlefeeding. Parents and caregivers canlearn what signs indicate that a child is ready touse a cup and also why using a cup is better thanusing a bottle after the age of 12 months. A check-list of weaning tips for parents is provided.

JOKOVIC, A., AND LOCKER, D.A review of the strategies and programs forearly childhood caries prevention. [Finaldraft].Toronto, Ontario: Community Dental Health Ser-vices Research Unit, University of Toronto, 1998.16 pp.

Contact: David Locker, Community Dental HealthServices Research Unit, University of Toronto, 124Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada MSG1G6. Telephone: (416) 979-4907, ext. 4497; fax:(416) 979-4938. Single copies available at nocharge.

This report provides a systematic review of theinterventions for early childhood caries preven-tion that are either currently implemented orbeing developed in the United States and Canada.Descriptions of these interventions and the stud-ies conducted to evaluate their cost-effectiveness,as well as overall effectiveness, are included.

MAINE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES.Warning: Don’t put your child to bed with a bottle.Augusta, ME: Division of Dental Health, MaineDepartment of Human Services, n.d. 1 p.

Contact: Karen Vogt, Oral Health Program, MaineDepartment of Human Services, 11 State HouseStation, Augusta, ME 04333-0011. Telephone:(207) 287-2361; fax: (207) 287-4631; e-mail:[email protected]. Available at no charge.

This poster presents pictures of the mouths ofsmall children who have mild, moderate, andsevere tooth decay, and lists steps that parentscan take to save their child’s teeth from baby bot-tle tooth decay.

MAINE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES,BUREAU OF HEALTH, DIVISION OF DENTAL

HEALTH.Taking care of your baby’s teeth: For parentsof children ages birth–3 years.Augusta, ME: Maine Department of Human Services, 1991. 2 pp.

Contact: Karen Vogt, Oral Health Program, MaineDepartment of Human Services, 11 State HouseStation, Augusta, ME 04333-0011. Telephone:(207) 287-2361; fax: (207) 287-4631; e-mail:[email protected]. Single copies availableat no charge; $1.00 for laser paper photocopymaster.

This brochure explains how to care for babies’gums and teeth and includes information aboutteething, fluoride, and baby bottle tooth decay.Aimed at parents with a fifth-grade reading level,the brochure uses line drawings to illustrate goodoral health habits for infants and young children.It was developed with input from focus groupsand health professionals and was field-testedamong adult basic education students before dis-tribution.

MAINE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES,BUREAU OF HEALTH, ORAL HEALTH

PROGRAM.Easy-to-read dental health educationpamphlets.


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Augusta, ME: Oral Health Program, MaineDepartment of Human Services, 1995. 8 items (4 pp. each).

Contact: Karen Vogt, Oral Health Program, MaineDepartment of Human Services, 11 State HouseStation, Augusta, ME 04333-0011. Telephone:(207) 287-2361; fax: (207) 287-4631; e-mail:[email protected]. Samples free; $1.00each for photocopy masters.

This series of eight pamphlets presents dentalhealth education and promotion information forthe public. Geared toward a fifth- or sixth-gradereading level, the pamphlets have been client-tested and can be photocopied. Titles include Flu-oride Facts for Parents, Taking Care of YourBaby’s Teeth, Taking Care of Your Child’s Mouth,Dental Sealants Help Prevent Tooth Decay, Mouth-guards: Don’t Play Without One, Keep Your Teethfor Life, Do You Have Dry Mouth?, and PreventBaby Bottle Tooth Decay. An order form and astatement of the Maine program goals for oralhealth are included.

MASSACHUSETTS DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC

HEALTH, WIC PROGRAM, NUTRITION

EDUCATION TASK FORCE.Baby bottle tooth decay.Boston, MA: Nutrition Education Task Force,Massachusetts Department of Public Health,1992. 1 p.

Contact: Bob Rehler, Massachusetts WIC Program,Tewksbury Hospital, Dietary Building, 365 EastStreet, Tewksbury, MA 01876. Telephone: (978)851-7321, ext. 2306. Single copies available at nocharge; may be photocopied.

This leaflet uses photographs to illustrate and out-line the causes, stages, and prevention of babybottle tooth decay. The leaflet, written at aneighth-grade reading level, targets caretakers ofinfants and young children who participate inMaternal and Child Health/WIC programs. It wasdeveloped by a nutrition education task force(who used low-literacy criteria) and has been dis-tributed during individual counseling sessions andin clinic settings.



EDUCATION TASK FORCE.Healthy teeth.Boston, MA: Nutrition Education Task Force,Massachusetts Department of Public Health,1991. 2 pp.


This brochure reviews signs and tips for teething,proper bottle use, introduction of a cup, toothcare, and fluoride use. Targeting caregivers ofinfants and young children who participate inMaternal and Child Health/WIC programs, thebrochure was field-tested with participants at fol-low-up appointments. The brochure is written forpeople with literacy skills below an eighth-gradereading level.



EDUCATION TASK FORCE.Weaning: Here’s how!Boston, MA: WIC Program, Nutrition EducationTask Force, Massachusetts Department of PublicHealth, 1992. 2 pp.


This brochure defines and outlines the impor-tance of weaning a child and teaching the childhow to drink from a cup. It discusses negativehealth outcomes from delayed weaning, such astooth decay, ear infections, increased resistanceto change with age, and reduced appetite forsolid food. It also outlines methods to make theweaning process easier for the parent and thechild. The brochure was developed with low-lit-eracy criteria for parents and caregivers in theMassachusetts Maternal and Child Health/WICprograms by the Massachusetts WIC NutritionEducation Task Force and was field-tested by WICprogram nutritionists.

NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION IN

MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH.MCH program interchange: Focus on oral health.Arlington, VA: National Center for Education inMaternal and Child Health, 1997, 1998. 2 vols.

Contact: National Maternal and Child HealthClearinghouse, 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite450, Vienna, VA 22182-2536. Telephone: (703)356-1964; fax: (703) 821-2098; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.circsol.com/mch. Available at no charge.

These MCH Program Interchanges list recent pub-lications related to oral health. The general mate-rials for professionals include policy, guidelines,manuals, and models. Volume 1 lists sources relat-ed to Head Start and local needs assessments, andgeneral consumer education materials such as cat-alogs, curricula, pamphlets, and brochures. Alsoincluded for consumers and professionals aretopic-specific materials that cover baby bottletooth decay, children with special health careneeds, fluoride, injury prevention, dental sealants,oral cancer, and tobacco products. A list of oralhealth organizations is included. Volume 2 listssources related to state profiles and surveys, gen-eral education materials, early childhood caries,baby bottle tooth decay, children with specialhealth care needs, fluoride, injury and violenceprevention, and dental sealants. A list of oralhealth Web sites is included. [Funded by theMaternal and Child Health Bureau]

NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND

HUMAN SERVICES, DENTAL HEALTH

SECTION.Spanish resources for dental health.Lincoln, NE: Dental Health Section, NebraskaDepartment of Health and Human Services,1996. 2 pp.

Contact: Dr. Kimberly McFarland, Dental HealthDivision, Nebraska State Department of Healthand Human Services, 301 Centennial Mall South,Lincoln, NE 68509-5007. Telephone: (402) 471-0166; fax: (402) 471-0383; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.hhs.state.ne.us. Available at no charge.

This brochure listing dental health resources iswritten in Spanish. Topics include baby bottle

tooth decay, children’s dental health, nutrition,oral hygiene instruction, and periodontal disease.The material on baby bottle tooth decay is alsoavailable in Vietnamese and English.

OGLE, S. (ED.)Texas WIC news.Austin, TX: Bureau of Nutrition Services, TexasDepartment of Health, [1992- ]. Monthly.

Contact: Shelly Ogle, Texas WIC News, 1100 West49th Street, Austin, TX 78756-3199. Telephone:(512) 406-0700, ext. 262. Single copies availableat no charge.

This monthly periodical for WIC staff in Texasincludes news and information articles on suchtopics as readiness to use a cup, advantages ofdrinking from a cup when developmentallyappropriate, and baby bottle tooth decay. Eachissue also regularly includes sections on localagency news and nutrition, as well as an eventscalendar.

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, BUREAU

OF DENTAL HEALTH.Preventing baby bottle tooth decay: Theprenatal and newborn message.Columbus, OH: Bureau of Dental Health, OhioDepartment of Health, ca. 1993. 29 pp.; 2 hand-outs (2 pp. each).

Contact: Pauline McCaskill, American DentalHygienists’ Association, 444 North MichiganAvenue, Suite 3400, Chicago, IL 60611. Tele-phone: (800) 243-2342, ext. 8949; fax: (312) 440-8929. $24.00.

This instructional package was designed for useby child health clinics and Special SupplementalNutrition Program for Women, Infants and Chil-dren (WIC) clinics in Ohio. The package includesa notebook containing an educational flip chartfor use in training sessions with parents and childcare providers. It contains behavioral contracts toencourage parents to modify their current behav-iors at home with their young children to helpprevent baby bottle tooth decay. The contractsare printed on the front and back of two distinctgraphic shapes; one contains reminders to pro-mote prevention, the other encourages interven-tion. [Funded by the Maternal and Child HealthBureau]


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OHIO DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, BUREAU

OF ORAL HEALTH SERVICES.Early childhood caries: A new look at an old foe.Columbus, OH: Bureau of Oral Health Services,Ohio Department of Health, 1998. 26 pp.

Contact: Shannon Cole, Bureau of Oral HealthServices, Division of Family and CommunityHealth Services, Ohio Department of Health, 246North High Street, Columbus, OH 43266. Tele-phone: (614) 466-4180; fax: (614) 728-3616; e-mail: [email protected]. Single copiesavailable at no charge.

This presentation is designed to help nursesdefine early childhood caries (ECC), list risk fac-tors associated with ECC, recognize the “whitespot” condition when shown and name treatmentmodalities, understand the effects of ECC on chil-dren, describe the different strategies that can beused to treat ECC, give the caregiver appropriateanticipatory guidance (based on the age of thechild), and use the “lift the lip” technique for ECCdiagnosis. A list of ECC resources, an infant oral-health anticipatory guidance chart, an infant oral-health risk assessment form, an infant oral-healthparent information questionnaire, a participantevaluation form, and a participant 6-month fol-low-up evaluation form are included.

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, DIVISION

OF FAMILY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH

SERVICES, BUREAU OF ORAL HEALTH

SERVICES.Oral health fact sheets.Columbus, OH: Bureau of Oral Health Services,Ohio Department of Health, 1997. 10 pp.

Contact: Shannon Cole, Bureau of Oral HealthServices, Division of Family and CommunityHealth Services, Ohio Department of Health, 246North High Street, Columbus, OH 43266. Tele-phone: (614) 466-4180; fax: (614) 728-3616; e-mail: [email protected]. Single copiesavailable at no charge.

These oral health fact sheets, developed for alow-literacy audience, provide information onbaby bottle tooth decay, pregnancy and oralhealth, fluoride, the correct method of brushingchildren’s teeth, and the relationship between

nutrition and oral health. Simple illustrations areincluded with each fact sheet.

ROSENBLATT, A., OLIVEIRA, J. P. T.,SILVEIRA, G. C. A., AND PONTUAL, M. L. A.Breastfeeding and early childhood caries: Anassessment among Brazilian infants of thecity of Recife.Unpublished manuscript, [1998]. 15 pp.

Contact: Librarian, National Center for Educationin Maternal and Child Health, 2000 15th Street,North, Suite 701, Arlington, VA 22201. Telephone:(703) 524-7802; fax: (703) 524-9335; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.ncemch.org.Photocopy available at no charge.

This survey was carried out to evaluate the extentof breastfeeding caries among infants living inpoor socioeconomic conditions in the city ofRecife, Brazil. It was conducted with the largergoal of defining the general health needs and pri-orities for this segment of the population withrespect to breastfeeding and oral health. The find-ings are intended to be generalized and appliedto communities with similar living conditions inother parts of the world.

SEATTLE-KING COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF

PUBLIC HEALTH, PARENT, CHILD AND

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH.Baby’s first cup.Seattle, WA: Parent, Child and ReproductiveHealth, Seattle-King County Department of Pub-lic Health, n.d. 1 bookmark.

Contact: Materials Warehouse, Department ofHealth Warehouse, P.O. Box 47845-7845, Olym-pia, WA 98504-7845. Telephone: (360) 586-9046;fax: 360-664-2929. $.04 each.

This bookmark is designed to promote using acup after the age of 12 months to help preventbaby bottle tooth decay. The bookmark teacheshow to use the cup and provides tips for bottle-feeding and breastfeeding. It also lists four waysto protect babies’ teeth. The bookmark is avail-able in Spanish, Russian, Ukrainian, Korean, Cam-bodian, Vietnamese, Chinese, and Laotian.


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SWIZE, S.Dental jeopardy.Unpublished manuscript, 1997. 9 pp.

Contact: Sharon Swize, Nutrition Education Coor-dinator, Driscoll Children’s Hospital, 400 EastMain Street, Robstown, TX 78380. Telephone:(512) 694-6768. Photocopy available at no charge.

These instructions for an interactive game aredesigned to teach WIC clients about dental health.Parents of infants and children learn the steps togood oral health, dental prevention techniques ingeneral, and the prevention of baby bottle toothdecay in particular. The game is designed to beplayed after clients watch Take Time for Teeth, avideotape about dental health produced by theTexas Department of Health Dental Bureau. Theinstructions include a drawing of the game boardand photocopies of the game cards. [See theTexas Department of Health’s Take Time forTeeth.]

TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.Helpful hints to keep your child’s teethhealthy.Austin, TX: Texas Department of Health, 1997. 2 posters (1 English, 1 Spanish).

Contact: Division of Oral Health, Texas Depart-ment of Health, 1100 West 49th Street, Austin, TX78756-3199. Web site: http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/dental/whitspt.htm. Available from the Web siteat no charge.

These posters tell the mother how to care for herbaby’s mouth and warn her to look out for whitespots on the teeth. The pictures show the devel-opment of decay from white spots to cavities totooth loss. The posters stress that the mothershould take her child to the dentist if, at any stage,her child’s teeth look like the teeth in the pictures.

TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, DENTAL

HEALTH SERVICES PROGRAM.Take time for teeth.Austin, TX: Dental Health Services Program,Texas Department of Health, 1997, 1998. 6 items.

Contact: Sandy Tesch, R.D.H., M.S.H.P., Divisionof Oral Health, Texas Department of Health, 1100West 49th Street, Austin, TX 78756-3199. Tele-

phone: (512) 458-7323. Single copies available atno charge.

This training module was developed to present astandardized message about oral health. Themodule comprises a trainer’s manual; a trainee’sworkbook; and a brochure, a videotape, and aflip chart for educational use. The materials pre-sent topics such as oral health as an importantpart of total health, causes and prevention of den-tal disease, baby bottle tooth decay, family oralhealth, and English-to-Spanish translations ofimportant words. The brochure, the videotape,and the flip chart are also available in Spanish.

TINANOFF, N. (ED.)Proceedings: Conference on Early ChildhoodCaries, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, October1997.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology.26(1 Suppl.):1–119. 1998.

Contact: Munksgaard International Publishers,Commerce Place, 350 Main Street, Malden, MA02148-5018. Telephone: (781) 388-8273; fax: (781)388-8274. $77.00.

This special issue provides the proceedings of aconference on early childhood caries. An initialdescription and discussion of the current under-standing of early childhood caries are followedby papers on biological mechanisms of earlychildhood caries, psychosocial and behavioralissues in early childhood caries, prevention ofearly childhood caries, related research issues,related public health issues, policy issues, and asynopsis of this public health problem.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN

SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE,NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH,NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH.A healthy mouth for your baby.Bethesda, MD: National Institute of DentalResearch, U.S. Department of Health and HumanServices, 1998 (rev.). 8 pp.

Contact: Public Information Office, National Insti-tute of Dental Research, U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services, 31 Center Drive, MSC2290, Bethesda, MD 20892. Available at nocharge.


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This brochure teaches parents and caregiversabout oral health for infants. The topics includeprenatal influences, fluoride, cleaning baby’steeth, infant nutrition, baby bottle tooth decay,and dental care. The brochure is also available ina Spanish-language version (published in 1996).


SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, INDIAN

HEALTH SERVICE, DENTAL SERVICES

BRANCH.Baby bottle tooth decay.Albuquerque, NM: Dental Program, Division ofClinical and Preventive Services, Office of PublicHealth, Indian Health Service, U.S. Departmentof Health and Human Services, n.d. 1 card.

Contact: Candace Jones, Indian Health ServiceDental Program, Parklawn Building, Room 6A-30,5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857. Tele-phone: (301) 443-1106; fax: (301) 594-6610. Sin-gle copies available at no charge.

This tip card teaches the causes of baby bottletooth decay and lists seven ways to avoid theproblem. The front of the card shows an illustra-tion of baby bottle tooth decay. It is available inEnglish and Spanish.


SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE,NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH,NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH.Prevenga el dano que causa el biberon.Washington, DC: National Institute of DentalResearch, U.S. Department of Health and HumanServices, 1992. 2 pp.

Contact: National Institute of Dental Research,P.O. Box 54793, Washington, DC 20032. Tele-phone: (301) 496-4261. Available at no charge.

This Spanish-language brochure designed for par-ents teaches the causes and prevention of babybottle tooth decay. The brochure emphasizes theappropriate use of a bottle and a cup.


SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE,CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND

PREVENTION, CENTER FOR PREVENTION

SERVICES, DENTAL DISEASE PREVENTION

ACTIVITY.Preventing baby bottle tooth decay (BBTD): A comprehensive training program forcommunity workers and healthprofessionals.Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control andPrevention, U.S. Department of Health andHuman Services, ca. 1995. 14 items, 49 slides, 2 videotapes (14 minutes, and 13.5 minutes, VHF1/2 inch).

Contact: Kit Shaddix, Division of Oral Health,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770Buford Highway, Mail Stop F-10, Chamblee, GA30341. Telephone: (770) 488-6056. Single copiesavailable at no charge (slides and videotapes nolonger available).

This teaching guide contains materials used intwo train-the-trainer sessions that focused onbaby bottle tooth decay. The training sessionswere held during April and May 1995 in EstesPark, CO. The guide includes fact sheets, evalua-tion materials, background materials for three dif-ferent modules, a packet of sample promotionalmaterials, and slides and videotapes for use withthe training modules. The first module describesthe history of the program that developed thesematerials and includes background informationon organizing a community-based preventionprogram. The second and third modules containtraining guides and training manuals for givingpresentations to community workers and healthprofessionals.

UNIVERSAL HEALTH COMMUNICATIONS, INC.Bright from the start: A story about babybottle tooth decay.Washington, DC: Universal Health Communica-tions, 1990. 1 videotape.

Contact: Universal Health Communications, Colo-nial Center, Suite 202, 1200 South Federal High-way, Boynton Beach, FL 33435. Telephone: (561)731-5881; fax: (561) 731-5877. $65.00.

This videotape, available in Spanish and English,focuses on the awareness and prevention of babybottle tooth decay. The English version runs for11:31 minutes, and the Spanish version runs for13 minutes. It was funded by Region IX of thePublic Health Service.

UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE, SCHOOL OF

DENTISTRY, AND JEFFERSON COUNTY

HEALTH DEPARTMENT.Information sheet[s].Louisville, KY: Dental Program, Jefferson CountyHealth Department, [ca. 1995]. 9 pp.

Contact: Dental Program, Jefferson County HealthDepartment, 400 East Gray Street, Louisville, KY40202. Telephone: (502) 574-6688; fax: (502) 574-5734. Available at no charge.

These information sheets discuss oral health forinfants, young adults, and adults. The topics aredental disease, baby bottle tooth decay, tootheruption dates, caring for children’s teeth, first aidfor dental emergencies, brushing, flossing, fluo-rides, mouthguards, and oral cancer.

VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,DIVISION OF DENTAL HEALTH, AND

DIVISION OF CHRONIC DISEASE

PREVENTION AND NUTRITION.Baby’s first step to healthy teeth.[Richmond, VA]: Division of Dental Health, andDivision of Chronic Disease Prevention andNutrition, Virginia Department of Health, n.d. 1 poster (11 x 17 inches), 1 brochure.

Contact: Division of Dental Health, VirginiaDepartment of Health, 1500 East Main Street,Room 136, Richmond, VA 23219. Telephone: (804)786-3556. Samples available in limited quantities.

This poster and companion brochure are part ofa statewide program to prevent baby bottle toothdecay. They explain why baby teeth are impor-tant, what baby bottle tooth decay is, and how toprevent it.

WASHINGTON ASSOCIATION OF LOCAL

WIC AGENCIES.Baby teeth II: The first dental visit with Sam Smile.Edmonds, WA: Washington Association of WICAgencies, 1997. 1 videotape (10:30 minutes, VHS1/2 inch).

Contact: Washington Association of WIC Agen-cies, 16901 76th Avenue, West, Edmonds, WA98206. Telephone: (425) 745-8820; fax: (425) 787-5109. $35.00.

This health education videotape prepares parentsfor their child’s first dental visit. Sam Smile, ToothDetective, uncovers the key facts that make thefirst dental visit a success. The videotape showsparents what will happen during the first dentalappointment and answers questions about howto find a dentist, when to take their child for afirst visit, how to make a first dental appointment,and how to care for baby teeth.


WIC AGENCIES.Baby teeth: Love ’em and lose ’em.Edmonds, WA: Washington Association of WICAgencies, 1995. 1 videotape (16:44 minutes, VHS1/2 inch).

Contact: Novela Health Education, University ofWashington, 901 Boren Avenue, Suite 1100, Seat-tle, WA 98104. Telephone: (800) 677-4799; fax:(206) 221-4945. $75.00 plus $5.00 shipping andhandling.

This humorous health education videotape is pro-duced in a nightly news format, with children act-ing as reporters for the Baby News Network. Onereporter, Sam Smile, outlines the do’s and don’tsof early dental care and hygiene, giving specialattention to the importance of weaning youngchildren from bottlefeeding. Babies cutting theirfirst teeth provide commentary on the importanceof baby teeth in early childhood development andlater dental health. The videotape also outlinesthe role that parents play in setting good exam-ples of dental hygiene. It is available in English-and Spanish-language versions, which feature thesame message but different actors.


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WIC AGENCIES, AND UNIVERSITY OF

WASHINGTON, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY.Lift the lip: How to check infants’ andtoddlers’ teeth.Edmonds, WA: Washington Association of WICAgencies, n.d. 1 videotape (4:20 minutes, VHS1/2 inch).

Contact: Washington Association of WIC Agen-cies, 16901 76th Avenue, West, Edmonds, WA98206. Telephone: (425) 745-8820; fax: (425) 787-5109. $7.00.

This health education videotape shows parentsand child care staff how to conduct a brief screen-ing of infants’ and toddlers’ teeth. The progres-sion of decay is shown from nascent to advancedstages. The videotape is available in English andSpanish.

WICHITA-SEDGWICK COUNTY HEALTH

DEPARTMENT, DENTAL CLINIC.I sit up, I use a cup.Wichita, KS: Dental Clinic, Wichita-SedgwickCounty Health Department, [1996]. 4 fact sheets.

Contact: Christy Hillard, Dental Clinic, Wichita-Sedgwick County Health Department, 1900 East9th, Wichita, KS 67214. Telephone: (316) 268-8305; fax: (316) 268-8340. Single copies availableat no charge.

This set of four fact sheets describes what parentscan do to provide appropriate dental hygiene fortheir infants and toddlers. Proclaiming the mes-sage “I sit up, I use a cup” on the border, eachcolorful fact sheet discusses steps that relatedirectly or indirectly to prevention of baby bottletooth decay. The fact sheets present specific waysto ensure good dental hygiene for young chil-dren; alternatives to putting a baby to bed with abottle; a schedule for eruption of primary andpermanent teeth; and tips on feeding, teething,and cleaning the teeth. Included are questions totest the parents’ knowledge concerning baby bot-tle tooth decay and the importance of making thetransition from bottle to cup at the appropriateage. This publication is available in both Englishand Spanish.

WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND

SOCIAL SERVICES, DIVISION OF HEALTH,BUREAU OF PUBLIC HEALTH, ORAL HEALTH

CONSULTANT.Baby bottle tooth decay.Madison, WI: Oral Health Consultant, WisconsinDepartment of Health and Social Services, 1992.2 pp.


This fact sheet provides parents with informationon baby bottle tooth decay; it defines the condi-tion, describes which teeth may be affected, anddiscusses causal factors and the progression ofthe condition. The fact sheet also reviews the inci-dence of baby bottle tooth decay and outlinesprevention steps that parents can take. A chartindicates the approximate ages at which the pri-mary or baby teeth erupt in the child’s mouth.

YUKON-KUSKOKWIM HEALTH CORPORATION,WOMEN INFANTS CHILDREN PROGRAM.We can stop baby bottle tooth decay.Bethel, AK: Women Infants Children Program,Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, [1996]. 2 pp.

Contact: Pauline Palacios, WIC Program, Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, P.O. Box 528,Bethel, AK 99559. Telephone: (907) 543-6459.Available at no charge.

This pamphlet, designed for Alaska Natives,defines baby bottle tooth decay and presents itscauses. Methods of prevention and sources ofmore information are suggested.


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FEDERAL AGENCIES ANDPROFESS IONAL ORGANIZATIONS


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American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry211 East Chicago Avenue, Suite 700Chicago, IL 60611Tel: (312) 337-2169Fax: (312) 337-6329Web site: http://www.aapd.org

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry(AAPD) works to advance the specialty of pedi-atric dentistry through practice, education, andresearch. Members comprise teachers andresearchers in pediatric dentistry as well as den-tists whose practice is limited to children. Theacademy’s services to consumers include referralsand publications, including a newsletter and ajournal.

American Dental Association211 East Chicago AvenueChicago, IL 60611-2678Tel: (312) 440-2500Fax: (312) 440-2800Web site: http://www.ada.org

The American Dental Association (ADA) encour-ages community health improvement, promotesthe art and science of dentistry, and representsthe interests of the dental profession and the pub-lic it serves. Activities include research, education,and promotion of legislation. A publications cata-log is available. Some publications are availablein Spanish.

American Dental Hygienists’ Association444 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 3400Chicago, IL 60611Tel: (312) 440-8900Fax: (312) 440-6780Web site: http://www.adha.org

The American Dental Hygienists’ Association(ADHA) is a professional organization of licenseddental hygienists who hold a degree or a certifi-cate from an accredited school of dental hygiene.The association provides continuing educationopportunities and materials for the dental hygiene

community, and its Institute for Oral Health offersscholarships and research grants to qualifiedmembers. Publications include the magazineAccess, the newsletter Education Update, and theJournal of Dental Hygiene. ADHA also sponsorsconferences.

The American Dietetic Association216 West Jackson Boulevard, Suite 800Chicago, IL 60606-6995Tel: (312) 899-0040, (800) 877-1600, (800) 366-1655, (800) 225-5267Fax: (312) 899-1758Web site: http://www.eatright.org

The American Dietetic Association (ADA), theadvocate of the dietetics profession, serves thepublic through the promotion of optimal nutri-tion, health, and well-being. The National Centerfor Nutrition and Dietetics is ADA’s public educa-tion initiative and offers consumer educationthrough a Nutrition Hotline. ADA also sponsorsthe Child Nutrition and Health Campaign. Somepublications are available in Spanish.

Association of State and Territorial DentalDirectorsc/o Kathy MangskauNorth Dakota Health Department600 East Boulevard Avenue, Department 301Bismarck, ND 58505-0200Tel: (701) 328-4930

The Association of State and Territorial DentalDirectors (ASTDD) provides a forum for the con-sideration of administrative problems related todental health and promotes ways to address theseproblems. The membership of ASTDD is com-posed primarily of state dental directors, but asso-ciate memberships are also offered. The associa-tion recently published a model oral healthneeds-assessment workbook. ASTDD publishes anewsletter and sponsors conferences.

FEDERAL AGENCIES ANDPROFESS IONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Division of Oral HealthNational Center for Chronic Disease Preventionand Health PromotionU.S. Department of Health and Human Services4770 Buford Highway, N.E., Mail Stop F10Atlanta, GA 30341-3724Tel: (770) 488-6054E-mail: [email protected]

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Division of Oral Health, provides leadership inpreventing oral disease, promoting oral health,and improving the quality of community waterfluoridation.

Dental Health Foundation4340 Redwood Highway, Suite 319San Rafael, CA 94903Tel: (415) 499-4648Fax: (415) 499-4681E-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.dentalhealthfoundation.com

The Dental Health Foundation (DHF) works topromote dental health through community edu-cation and advocacy. Publications include theOral Health Educational Materials Resource Guideand brochures and videotapes on baby bottletooth decay. Materials are available in Spanishand some Asian languages.

Food and Nutrition ServiceOffice of Governmental Affairs and Public InformationU.S. Department of Agriculture3101 Park Center Drive, Room 819Alexandria, VA 22302Tel: (703) 305-2286 or 2000Fax: (703) 305-2549

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food andNutrition Service (FNS), formerly called Food andConsumer Service, responds to inquiries and pro-vides information and publications on federalmaternal and child nutrition programs, includingthe Special Supplemental Nutrition Program forWomen, Infants and Children (WIC), NutritionEducation and Training Project (NET), and Com-modity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP).Some materials are available in Spanish.

Head Start ProgramAdministration for Children, Youth and FamiliesU.S. Department of Health and Human Services330 C Street, S.W., Room 2018Washington, DC 20201Tel: (202) 205-8572Web site: http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/hsb/

The Head Start Program provides comprehensivechild development services for preschool children(3 to 5 years old) from families with low incomes.All local Head Start programs offer four majorcomponents: education, social services, parentinvolvement, and health services (including med-ical, dental, nutrition, and mental health services).Local programs are administered through grantsfrom the Administration for Children, Youth andFamilies, U.S. Department of Health and HumanServices. The authorizing legislation specifies thatat least 10 percent of Head Start’s national enroll-ment must consist of children with disabilities.

Indian Health Service Dental Program U.S. Department of Health and Human Services5600 Fishers LaneParklawn Building, Room 6A-30Rockville, MD 20857Tel: (301) 443-1106Fax: (301) 594-6610

The Indian Health Service, one of eight agenciesin the U.S. Department of Health and Human Ser-vices, provides health care to more than 1.3 mil-lion American Indian/Alaska Native people livingon or near reservations in 34 states. The dentalprogram provides basic restorative and preven-tive services as well as community-based preven-tive programs. The dental program has developedand evaluated model prevention programs onbaby bottle tooth decay/early childhood caries forthe last 15 years. These efforts include communi-ty- and clinic-based interventions as well as thedevelopment of educational materials. Trainingcurricula have also been developed.

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Maternal and Child Health BureauHealth Resources and Services AdministrationU.S. Department of Health and Human Services5600 Fishers LaneParklawn BuildingRockville, MD 20857Tel: (301) 443-0205Fax: (301) 443-1797Web site: http://www.dhhs.gov/hrsa/mchb

The Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB)funds Maternal and Child Health Block Grants(under Title V of the Social Security Act) in the 50states and in nine other U.S. jurisdictions; pro-vides technical assistance to state maternal andchild health programs and service providers; andfunds a variety of demonstration, research, andtraining grants, including special projects ofregional and national significance (SPRANS).MCHB produces publications that are availablefrom the National Maternal and Child HealthClearinghouse, 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite450, Vienna, VA 22182-2536; tel (703) 821-8955,fax (703) 821-2098.

National Association of WIC Directors2001 S Street, N.W., Suite 580Washington, DC 20009-3355Tel: (202) 232-5492Fax: (202) 387-5281Web site: [email protected]

The National Association of WIC Directors(NAWD) represents the 87 state, territorial, andNative American WIC directors and 2,000 localagencies that provide quality nutrition education,breastfeeding support, health care, and other ser-vices to nearly 7.5 million women, infants, andchildren in approximately 10,000 WIC clinicsnationwide. NAWD’s mission is to provide leader-ship in the WIC community by promoting qualitynutrition services; advocating for services for alleligible women, infants, and children; and ensur-ing sound and responsive management of WIC,the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women,Infants and Children.

National Dental Association3517 16th Street, N.W.Washington, DC 20010Tel: (202) 588-1697Fax: (202) 588-1244

The National Dental Association (NDA) is dedi-cated to improving the oral health of the under-

served. Its goals are to improve delivery of oralhealth care in underserved communities and toimprove educational opportunities for minoritiesin the oral health field. NDA publishes a newslet-ter and a journal and sponsors conferences.

National Institute of Dental ResearchPublic Information and Reports BranchU.S. Department of Health and Human Services31 Center Drive MSC 2190Building 31, Room 5B49Bethesda, MD 20892-2290Tel: (301) 496-4261 (publications)Fax: (301) 496-9988Web site: http://www.nidr.nih.gov

The National Institute of Dental Research (NIDR)responds to inquiries from consumers, educators,and health care professionals and provides infor-mation and publications on dental health, includ-ing a newsletter. Some publications are availablein Spanish.

National Maternal and Child Oral HealthResource CenterNational Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health2000 15th Street, North, Suite 701Arlington, VA 22201-2617Tel: (703) 524-7802Fax: (703) 524-9335E-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.ncemch.org/oralhealth

The goal of the National Maternal and Child OralHealth Resource Center is to support initiativesthat promote the oral health of children, adoles-cents, and families and to encourage inclusion ofthese strategies in maternal and child health ser-vices, programs, and organizations. The resourcecenter identifies, collects, and disseminates infor-mation and materials to individuals and organiza-tions with an interest in maternal and child oralhealth. The focus is on gathering information andmaterials from oral health programs, and the keytarget audiences are the practitioners, agencies,and organizations that address the oral healthneeds of the maternal and child health popula-tion. Services to consumers include referrals, pub-lications (including resource listings), and refer-ence information. Materials are available inSpanish and Asian languages.

National Network for Oral Health Access115 East Second StreetFort Lupton, CO 80621Tel: (303) 857-2771Fax: (303) 892-1511

The mission of the National Network for OralHealth Access (NNOHA) is to improve the healthstatus of the underserved populations throughimproved and increased access to oral health ser-vices. The organization represents approximately600 dentists and 200 hygienists who practice infederally funded community migrant and home-less health centers.

National Oral Health Information Clearinghouse1 NOHIC WayBethesda, MD 20892-3500Tel: (301) 402-7364Fax: (301) 907-8830E-mail: [email protected] site: http://www.aerie.com/nohicweb

The National Oral Health Information Clearing-house (NOHIC) collects information on key orga-nizations involved in special care issues and pro-duces and distributes patient education materials,directories, and resource guides. The clearing-house maintains an online catalog of materials onoral health and special care issues through theOral Health Subfile of the Combined Health Infor-mation Database (CHID). This database includesbibliographic citations, abstracts, and availabilityinformation on a variety of materials. The clear-inghouse publishes a newsletter and providessome materials in Spanish.

Oral Health America: America’s Fund forDental Health410 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 352Chicago, IL 60611Tel: (312) 836-9900; DC office (301) 570-5235Fax: (312) 836-9986; DC office (301) 570-5265Web site: http://www.oralhealthamerica.org

The mission of Oral Health America (OHA) is todevelop resources for improving and promotingthe oral health of the American people through abroad-based public advocacy coalition. OHA’sprograms strive to (1) raise public awareness oforal health as an essential part of overall healthand as a vital component of primary health care;(2) expand and improve access to effective oralcare services; (3) stimulate innovative projects thatimprove the effectiveness of dental education;and (4) support clinical, behavioral, educational,and health services research in the field of oralhealth. OHA publishes a newsletter, sponsorsconferences, and administers the National SpitTobacco Education Program and the NationalSealant Alliance.

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National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health

Maternal and Child Health Bureau

early childhood caries resource guide - ncemch · early childhood caries resource guide.arlington,...

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