1. 1. E-Waste SadiaRahat
2. 2. -:Contents:- Definition History of E-Waste Types of E-Waste StEP Initiative E-Waste Management E-Waste Substances References
3. 3. -:Definition:- E-waste can be considered to cover TVs, computers, mobile phones, home entertainment and stereo systems, toys, toasters, kettles almost any household or business item having electrical components with power or battery supply. The definition includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, recycling, or disposal.
4. 4. -:History of E-waste:- Informal processing of E-Waste in developing countries may cause serious health and pollution problems. E-Waste is a hazardous waste that poses potential threats to public health and the environment. Some electronic components, such as CRTs, may contain contaminants such as lead, cadmium, beryllium, or brominated flame retardants.
5. 5. According to the U.S. environmental laws (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) hazardous E-Waste fall into two major categories: characteristic E-Waste and listed E-Waste: a) Characteristic hazardous E-Waste:- Ignitability (i.e., flammable) Reactivity Corrosives Toxicity
6. 6. b) Listed hazardous E-Wastes:- Such type of E-Waste generates by some larger companies such as: Chemical manufacturers. Electroplating companies. Oil refineries. Hazardous E-Waste is a special type of waste because it cannot be disposed of by common means like other by-products of our everyday lives.
7. 7. -:Types of E-Waste:- Types of electronic waste according to the WEEE directive:- Large household appliances. Small household appliances. Office & communication. Entertainment electronics. Lighting equipment. Medical instruments. Automatic issuing systems.
8. 8. -:StEP Initiative:- It is an international initiative, created to develop solutions to address issues associated with Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). Aims and Means of StEP:- One of the most important aims of the StEP Initiative is to elaborate a set of global guidelines for the treatment of e- waste and the promotion of sustainable material recycling. StEPs aim is to reduce dangers to humans and the environment, which result from inadequate and irresponsible treatment practices, and advance resource efficiency. *StEP:- Solving the E-Waste Problems
9. 9. -:E-Waste Management:- Recycling of E-Waste:- Today E-Waste recycling becomes the world largest business all over the world. The environmental and social benefits of reuse include: Diminished demand for new products. Larger quantities of pure water and electricity for associated manufacturing. Less packaging per unit. Diminished use of landfills.
10. 10. Consumer Awareness Efforts:- Address TheMess.com is a Comedy Central pro-social campaign that seeks to increase awareness of the dangers of E-Waste and to encourage recycling. NativeEnergy.com, is a company that specializes in renewable energy. The Electronics TakeBack Coalition is a campaign aimed at protecting human health. The Certified Electronics Recyclers is an Integrated management system that improve the quality, environment, health and safety (QEH&S) performance.
11. 11. Processing techniques:- Firstly involves dismantling the equipment into various parts (metal frames, power supplies, circuit boards, plastics). A typical example is the NADIN electronic waste processing plant in Bulgaria, the largest facility of its kind in Europe. The advantages of this process are the human's ability to recognize and save working of repairable parts, including chips, transistors, RAM, etc.
12. 12. -:E-Waste Substances:- Hazardous Substances:- Mercury.(Use in fluorescent tubes.) Sulphur.(Use in lead acid batteries.) Cadmium.(Found in light-sensitive resistors.) Lead.(Found in lead acid batteries.) Beryllium oxide.(Found in power transistors.)
13. 13. Non-Hazardous Substances:- Tin: Coatings on component leads. Iron: Cases, and fixings. Nickel: Nickel-cadmium batteries. Lithium: Lithium-ion batteries. Zinc: Plating for steel parts.
14. 14. -:References:- www.step-initiative.org www.greenpeace.org/.../electronics/...e-waste.../where-does-e- waste www.calrecycle.ca.gov/electronics/whatisewaste http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_waste