99 Crafton Drive l Dahlonega, GA 30533 l 800-241-7951 l 706-864-8111 fax

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Table of Contents

How it Works ........................................................................................................................... 2

Benefits ................................................................................................................................... 3

Product Overview ................................................................................................................... 3

What it Does ........................................................................................................................... 3

Paper Mills .............................................................................................................................. 4

The Lignin Molecule ............................................................................................................... 5

Hydrogen Sulfide Reduction and Corrosion Control—Industrial/Municipal Application ...... 6

Odor Control in Portable Restrooms ........................................................................................ 7

EarthWorks Water Treat Treatment Results Reduction of Hydrogen Sulfide (graph) ............. 9

EarthWorks Water Treat Treatment Results Copper Corrosion Weight Loss (table/graph) ..... 10

Odor Control—RV Holding Tanks Application ........................................................................ 11

Odor Control—Dog Kennel Application .................................................................................. 11

Odor Control—Solid Waste Collection Site Application .......................................................... 12

Total Suspended Solids and BOD Reduction—Industrial Applications .................................... 13

Hydrogen Sulfide, TSS, and BOD Treatment—Agricultural Application ................................. 14

Septic and Grease Trap TSS and BOD Reduction—Restaurant Application ............................. 15

EarthWorks Water Treat Treatment Results Reduction of TSS (graph) ..................................... 16

EarthWorks Water Treat Treatment Results Reduction of BOD (graph) ................................... 17

Grease Digestion and Additional Degradation of CBOD ........................................................... 18

Hydrogen Sulfide and TSS Treatment—Automatic Carwash Application ................................. 19

EarthWorks Water Treat Application Recommendations for Odor and Corrosion Control

in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Treatment .................................................................... 19

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) Application Recommendations for BOD

and TSS Reduction in Retention Ponds and Lagoons ................................................................. 21

Pollution Control of Heavy Metals in Aqueous Solutions .......................................................... 22

How to Use EarthWorks Water Treat for Control of Metals ....................................................... 23

Appendix A: Material Safety Data Sheet .................................................................................... 24

Appendix B: EarthWorks Water Treat Performance Update—June, 2000 ................................ 26

Green Way Products is pleased to introduce an exciting, novel, and environmentally friendly dis-

covery. A new technology that provides an effective and economical solution to odorous com-

pounds, specifically a resolution to hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans and ammonia compounds, and

their resulting corrosive effects.

EarthWorks Water Treat is a natural humate compound derived of organic matter consisting of

natural beneficial soil constituents. This unique formulation was developed specifically to pro-

vide an environmentally acceptable solution to odorous biological reactions. EarthWorks Water

Treat was developed after nearly ten years of extensive research and proven effective through

field evaluations.

EarthWorks Water Treat represents unsurpassed odor control for a wide range of odorous com-

pounds. In combination with biochemical active ingredients, EarthWorks Water Treat enhances

conditions in receiving waterways, wastewater systems, or municipal collections systems. Earth-

Works Water Treat may be used in all types of applications, soil and water, and influent streams

without concern of effluent impact.

EarthWorks Water Treat contains humate salts, a composition of humates, humic acids, and

lignin matter, as well as a wide range of essential organic-based building blocks and related acids

derived from an extraction of highly humified organic materials. These compounds represent es-

sential humic acids, and fulvic and ulmic compounds, many of which have their counterparts in

all biological tissues. These essential life structural components are known to enhance biological

performances (plant and biological), as well as target the capture of odorous gaseous reactions

and interrupt their subsequent corrosive by-products.

EarthWorks Water Treat contains highly active “reactive lignins” with seven to nine carbon and

oxygen open bonding sites per molecule. The complex lignin reactive surface structure is esti-

mated at 900,000 square meters per kilogram and an enormous negative cation exchange capac-

ity of 1500 to 3000 moles per kilogram. These active sites function as a macromolecular sponge,

adsorbing and binding (capturing) potentially odorous compounds and reacted compounds. The

captured compounds form covalent and trivalent chemically bonded, cross-linked polymers.

These “captured, adsorbed compounds” are inaccessible for microorganisms to hydrolyze, block-

ing sulfate reactions, and eliminating odorous gaseous reactions and gaseous productions.

2

How It Works

Introducing EarthWorks Water Treat Series

EarthWorks Water Treat’s lignin components are so reactive that they can adsorb approximately a

thousand times their own mass in potential gaseous and pollutant compounds. The lignin’s highly

reactive structure provides a cost-effective, environmentally-friendly solution to pollution, odor

control and corrosion.

• Rapid odor reaction, results may be obtained on contact, or within 12 to 48 hours of applica

tion— eliminates 30-, 60-, or even 90-day trial periods for large systems.

• Eliminates the release of hydrogen sulfide and related corrosion.

• Low PPM rate requirements, some application rates as low as two PPM.

• Noncorrosive, non-pollutant, natural solution.

• Stimulates and enhances microbial populations, beneficial to receiving water systems.

• Economical and cost-effective.

Green Way Products produces nontoxic and nonhazardous products, which control odors, corro-

sion, toxicity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS) in all types of

plants with wastewater treatment systems. Our products are intended for wastewater treatment

plants, pulp and paper mills, meat rendering plants, solid waste collection plants, livestock farms,

septic and grease traps, portable restrooms, as well as all types of mobile sanitation, i.e., airline,

train, RV, marine, motorcoach.

Our products are friendly to the environment.

EarthWorks Water Treat is an organic liquid deodorant treatment that neutralizes waste odors in-

cluding hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, and other volatile reduced sulfur compounds (TRS). When

used in wastewater plants, EarthWorks Water Treat also reduces equipment and plant corrosion.

This approach to sulfide and corrosion control has been tested and used successfully for several

years.

EarthWorks Water Treat does not create negative side effects like chlorine, hydrogen peroxide or

ferric chloride inwastewater systems. Using EarthWorks Water Treat is a very cost-effective al-

ternative. EarthWorks WT is a liquid blend of extracts from naturally occurring organic materials

and does not produce contaminants or sludge in the waste stream. It forms a soluble complex

with the existing sulfides and will not change the waste stream pH or inhibit microbial growth.

Product Overview

3

Benefits

What It Does

EarthWorks Water Treat also binds and reduces the toxicity of heavy metals in aqueous solutions,

thereby helping toreduce the amount of these metals in U.S. waterways (see page 21).

According to the needs of the wastewater system, EarthWorks Water Treat can be fed at different

locations in the wastewater treatment system, such as:

• at the beginning of the wastewater stream

• before primary or secondary clarifiers

• before sludge presses

In most cases, 5 to 30 PPM is sufficient for odor control (after the initial saturation of the sys-

tem).

Green Way Products guarantees EarthWorks Water Treat to work satisfactorily when applied as

directed. All EarthWorks products are nontoxic, nonhazardous, and friendly to the environment.

EarthWorks Water Treat is used for the remediation treatment of paper mill effluent.

Because most pulp production uses acids that contain sulfur compounds, the removal and/or re-

duction of these odor-causing compounds is a primary concern. Atmospheric sulfur compounds

have been reduced via the use of scrubbers. The primary effluent problem is the release of nox-

ious gases from the retention ponds.

When liquid effluent containing cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin reach a paper mill retention

pond, it becomes a nutrient for microorganisms that metabolize these nutrients and release the

components as respiratory by-products, where these by-products become noxious pollutants.

While it is not possible to make odor-causing compounds vanish, it is possible to prevent them

from being released into the atmosphere.

Green Way Products’ approach in solving the above challenge is twofold. First, we provide a

chemical solution. EarthWorks Water Treat has a solid suspension content of approximately 9%.

One-fourth of this material is composed of reactive lignins. (Note: while paper mill effluent also

contains lignins, due to the heat and acid used in processing, this lignin has been rendered inert.)

The reactive lignins in EarthWorks Water Treat have an average of 7 to 9 carbon oxygen and

oxygen hydrogen open bonding sites per molecule. This quality enables these lignins to serve as

macromolecular sponges, adsorbing and absorbing odor-causing compounds, forming covalent

and trivalent, chemically bonded, cross-linked polymers.

4

Paper Mills

5

These polymer compounds are very difficult for bacteria to hydrolyze. Thus this approach effec-

tively removes most of the odorcausing elements from the pond suppurate, preventing them from

being released as noxious gases. (Because the lignin in EarthWorks are so reactive, they link into

chains that can hold over a thousand times their own mass in potential pollutants.)

The second part of our approach includes the addition of microbial inocula, specifically to me-

tabolize noxious effluents. The microorganisms in EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture)

consume nutrients from the effluent, enzymatically hydrolyzing them into carbon dioxide, oxy-

gen, and water.

This process removes nutrients from septic organisms that produce noxious by-product gas, such

as methane and hydrogen sulfide.

Note: EarthWorks Water Treat works extremely well in recovery smelt scrubbers and lime kiln

scrubbers. The product’s effectiveness in NCG scrubbers has not been as impressive.

Hydrogen Sulfide Reductionand Corrosion Control

Industrial/Municipal ApplicationProblem:

A pulp/paper mill plant in the Southeast is tied in to a municipal wastewater treatment system.

The plant had been in operation for several years when complaints from residents and govern-

ment officials escalated continuously because of the extremely unpleasant odors that were being

emitted. Residents livingnearby began to complain about discoloration of window blinds and

shades. Many reports of headaches and sore eyes also began to surface. A determination was

made that the high levels of hydrogen sulfide being emitted by the plant, either directly into the

air via inadequate air scrubber systems, or as a result of effluent being released into the waste-

water sewer system, was the major cause of the yellowing effect on the blinds and shades as well

as the source for the offensive odors in the air, which could be associated with the high level of

reported headaches and sore eyes.

The city also began to experience chronic problems with sewer line blowouts, and corrosion in

its sewer system began advancing at an alarming rate. The blowouts were usually located within

the vicinity of forced mains. Corrosion was calculated as high as 30.86% annually in some loca-

tions. These problems were being caused by crown corrosion, which could be traced back to high

concentrations of hydrogen sulfide in the sewer system. Leaching hydrogen sulfide into the

concrete was causing rapid deterioration. Again, the source of the problem was traced back to the

pulp and paper mill.

In 1995, city officials began relentlessly pressuring the mill’s management to find a solution to

the problems being created by the plant.

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Solution:

EarthWorks Water Treat was applied into the sewer system via metering pumps at strategic loca-

tions on the company’s site as well as sites located in the city. Levels of initial application were

determined by the hydrogen sulfide levels and the maximum daily effluent flow rate at the site.

The metering stations were located “up-line” from problem areas where unacceptable levels of

hydrogen sulfide were being emitted.

For example, one lift station in the plant was consistently generating H2S readings above 50

PPM. The maximum daily flow rate at this lift station was estimated at slightly over 1 million

gallons per day. The metering station for treatment of this lift station was located approximately

200 yards “up-line” from the lift station at a manhole. The H2S reading the day before treatment

began was 62 PPM. EarthWorks was applied at a rate of 50 PPM of the maximum daily flow rate

for the first day of treatment. The H2S reading the following day was 12 PPM at the station. The

application of EarthWorks Water Treat was then reduced daily until the final daily “maintenance”

application reached 12 PPM, or 12 gallons a day. A total of four metering stations were eventu-

ally set up at the plant and in the city.

EarthWorks Water Treat was also injected into the circulation water of the air scrubber system at

the plant. The dailyapplication was set at 25 PPM. Tests in the gas stream showed a reduction of

hydrogen sulfide by 76%. Corrosion tests were conducted at ten selected sites in the sewer sys-

tem over a three year period. The introduction of EarthWorks Water Treat over the three year pe-

riod produced dramatic improvements in corrosion levels. By greatly reducing the H2S in the

system, EarthWorks Water Treat had also virtually eliminated the crown corrosion caused by

leaching hydrogen sulfide.Over the three year test period, corrosion levels at the ten sites were

reduced by an average of 87.5%, from 19.2% annually before treatment, to 2.4% annually at the

end of the test period.

Conclusion:

Over the course of this three year study, EarthWorks Water Treat produced dramatic improve-

ments in the air quality at the pulp and paper mill, as well as the air quality in the municipality.

Complaints from the city’s residents and government officials ceased. The expensive repairs to

the city sewer system were greatly reduced. The fragile relationship between the company and

the city was corrected.

Odor Control in Portable Restrooms

Problem:

Portable toilet companies and the companies servicing them were facing increasing resistance

and escalating regulations from wastewater treatment facilities concerning the composition of

7

chemicals being pumped into the systems from the pumping truck tanks. Companies using

formaldehyde-based odor control products were the main target. Many products being used cre-

ated two major problems for the treatment facilities. First, the introduction of many of the toxic

products into the treatment system caused “biological kills” of the bacteria being used to degrade

the solid waste and control BOD in the facility. These toxic products in the effluent also created

unacceptable water release problems for the treatment facilities. Second, there was a need to find

an alternative product since most products on the market were hazardous to handle, and in some

cases, actually fatal if ingested, even in very small quantities. The companies were faced with a

twofold problem. They had to have a safe, effective product to control odors in portable toilets,

and they had to find a product that would be readily accepted by the wastewater treatment facil-

ity operators. Most companies had tried natural products acceptable at treatment facilities, but

found these products ineffective in controlling toilet odors.

Solution:

By request, initial field tests were conducted using EarthWorks with the assistance of a large

rental company. The tests were conducted in southeast Georgia in the month of July. Average

daily temperatures ranged from 90 to 96 degrees F. The relative humidity was consistently above

90% during the test period. The product was found to be extremely effective in controlling odors

emitted by the portable restrooms. With a systemcharge of one ounce of EarthWorks, one heavily

used test unit was not pumped for 14 days. No offensive odors were present in the unit. The toilet

eventually had to be pumped and cleaned because it had reached volume capacity and nearly

overflowed.

This unique and innovative product is the first of its type. The product is not a masking agent

that simply covers up unpleasant odors, particularly hydrogen sulfide. Through multiple

processes, EarthWorks actually reduces the ability to produce odors...at the source.

After several formulation modifications to adhere to specific client needs such as dye and fra-

grance additions, marketing of the product in a variety of formulations was initiated. Within a pe-

riod of two weeks, the product was being sold in 16 states throughout the U.S. Customer

feedback was very positive. The product is acceptable to wastewater treatment facilities and pro-

vides a benefit to the effluent at the treatment plants by helping to control hydrogen sulfide odors

and corrosion along with contributing to a measurable reduction in TSS and BOD.

Conclusion:

EarthWorks is environmentally friendly. It will not harm human, animal, or marine life when

used as directed. The product is extremely effective in controlling offensive odors emitted by

portable restrooms. When EarthWorks is used, discharge of effluent from pumping trucks is wel-

comed by waste collection facilities.

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This product conclusively solved all the problems associated with the use of toxic chemicals in

the treatment of portable restrooms.

Odor Control—RV Holding Tanks Application

Problem:

The majority of effective odor control products marketed in the recreational vehicle industry con-

tain toxic ingredients that are harmful, even fatal, if ingested or inhaled. Another problem associ-

ated with the use of these chemicals is that many disposal/collection sites for RV holding tank

wastewater refuse to accept the effluent due to high levels of toxicity. Market research revealed

that the majority of consumers in the RV industry would prefer to use a natural, environmentally-

friendly product if it proved to be effective at controlling odors.

Solution:

EarthWorks proved to be extremely effective in seven field trials. The recreational vehicle hold-

ing tests revealed that this highly concentrated product could be applied at a rate of four ounces

per 40 gallon holding tank and still achieveoutstanding odor control results. Comparable prod-

ucts on the market require an eight ounce charge per 40 gallon holding tank. The “black water”

contained in the holding tank for the toilet was held for a period of five days in the test. Earth-

Works controlled odors remarkably well.

Conclusion:

EarthWorks is a natural, effective alternative to the hazardous chemicals currently being mar-

keted in the recreational vehicle industry. Harmless to human, animal, and marine life when used

as directed, thisproduct provides a safe alternative for those consumers concerned about the

health of themselves and their families, as well as an overall concern for the environment. With

recommended application rates at one-half the industry standard, the product is also cost-effec-

tive.

Odor Control—Dog Kennel Application

Problem:

The odors generated from animal waste in dog kennels can be extremely offensive, and many

kenneloperators have chronic problems in controlling them. The odors are a problem within the

confines of the kennel itself, as well as in the septic tanks and holding ponds at these sites.

11

Solution:

Field tests were conducted by applying EarthWorks Water Treat via a high pressure hose-end

sprayer at a rate of six ounces per gallon of water. The product was applied using the chemical

intake line of a pressure washer. No additional cleaning steps were required since the operators

normally rinsed the kennels daily with high pressure water. The results in reduction of kennel

odor was immediate. Within 24 hours, the malodor generated from the septic systems and reten-

tion ponds was also greatly reduced. By using EarthWorks Water Treat in the normal rinse appli-

cation, the operators discovered a residual benefit in the reduction of odors in the septic systems

and retention ponds. Another long-term benefit will be the reduction of concrete corrosion in the

kennel floors resulting from leaching hydrogen sulfide.

Conclusion:

The odor problems at the test sites were controlled by incorporating the application of Earth-

Works Water Treat into the normal daily operation of the kennels. Kennel odors were reduced

immediately upon application and the odors emitted by the septic systems and retention ponds

were under control within 24-hours.

Odor ControlSolid Waste Collection Site Application

Problem:

A solid waste transfer station, located in the center of a residential area, was receiving numerous

complaints about odors from residents living around the facility. In an effort to mend the com-

pany’s relationship with the community, the plant manager was seeking a solution. The fumes

were being created by several sources. Many of the dumpsters used in the transfer of waste from

the collection sites to the transfer station were notorious for emitting offensive odors. The trans-

fer station’s physical plant was also contributing to the problem. As the waste was dumped into

the transfer station bays for separation and reloading, odors were being generated by runoff from

the piles. This runoff was also causing a serious concrete corrosion problem resulting from leach-

ing hydrogen sulfide. The plant manager estimated that 50% of the transfer station’s concrete

floor had eroded away over an eight year period. Finally, the retention pond located behind the

transfer station was also a major contributor to these problems.

Solution:

Tests were conducted by using EarthWorks Water Treat in the normal washdown of the dump-

sters as well as the plant. The product was applied through the chemical intake line of a pressure

wash system at a rate of six ounces per gallon of water. The treatment resulted in an immediate

improvement in the reduction of offensive odors. EarthWorks Water Treat was most notably ef-

fective when it was used to rinse a dumpster that was used for waste collection at a seafood

restaurant.

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This particular collection site was notorious for producing extremely offensive odors. After the

rinse down was completed, the plant employees were amazed at the dramatic reduction in odors.

The results from the wash down of the physical plant facility were good, but less impressive than

the dumpster tests. While the treatment did improve the air quality in the facility, the presence of

waste transfer trailers loaded with fermenting waste distorted the test results. The retention pond

was shocked with a 100 PPM treatment of EarthWorks Water Treat. An immediate reduction in

the hydrogen sulfide levels was observed. 24-hours after the shock treatment, odors from the re-

tention pond were reduced to levels that could only be detected in the immediate area surround-

ing the pond. A daily maintenance program was recommended with a metering rate of 10 PPM to

continue control of odors.

Conclusion:

The treatment of the collection dumpsters and retention pond resulted in outstanding reductions

in odor. The application of the product in dumpsters required no additional cleanup steps as the

product was introduced through the use of the chemical uptake line of the existing pressure

washing system. The initial treatment of the retention pond required a system shock, but the

daily maintenance would require no additional personnel involvement as a metering pump was

utilized to inject the product into the pond.

Total Suspended Solids and BOD ReductionIndustrial Applications

Problem:

A pulp and paper mill plant in Georgia was faced with a major problem of total suspended solids

and biological oxygen demand in a mill aeration pond. The pond had a 24 million gallon per day

waste stream, and the average daily TSS ranged from 6,000 pounds to as high as 29,000 pounds.

BOD5 was also a major concern in this aeration pond. Levels ranged from 70,000 to 210,000.

Solution:

After several months of research, EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was ready for field

trials. Micro biologists found that EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was an excellent in-

cubation medium for microorganisms. The substrate has an extremely high concentration of or-

ganic matter, packed with micro- and macronutrients that provide the microbes with an excellent

food source. EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was described as a “steroid” for mi-

crobes. Historically, the major problem associated with the use of microbial-based products has

been the “lag time” needed before the product begins to function. By using EarthWorks Water

Treat (bacteria culture) as the substrate, or medium, the lag time became significantly reduced.

Laboratory results also concluded that by incubating microbes in EarthWorks Water Treat (bacte-

ria culture), the number of colony forming units per milliliter also increased exponentially. After

just 24 hours of incubation, the CFU/ml count was 32 times as great when compared to the count

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on the day prior to the incubation. The objective was to reduce the TSS and BOD by at least

50% while maintaining cost-effectiveness. EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was added

to the mill aeration pond (24 million gallon per day waste stream) at the rate of 2 PPM for a 10

day test period. The TSS levels prior to treatment averaged 14,125 pounds per day. At the end of

the 10 day test period, a total of 500 gallons of EarthWorks (bacteria culture) had been metered

into the pond. The average daily TSS reduced to 5,810 pounds following treatment. This equates

to a 58.9% reduction in TSS. The BOD5 decreased to an average of 16,000, down 27,875, or

63%, following treatment.

Conclusion:

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was extremely effective in rapidly reducing the TSS

and BOD to the targeted levels in the mill aeration pond. The product provided a very cost-effec-

tive alternative to using other microbial products to reduce the TSS and BOD.

Hydrogen Sulfide, TSS and BOD TreatmentAgricultural Application

Problem:

A hog farm located in southeast Georgia was faced with a 5,500,000 waste lagoon that had gone

septic. The lagoon had no presence of biological activity and the solids building up on the sur-

face of the lagoon were at a critical state. The twenty year old farm was also producing a high

level of hydrogen sulfide odors. The odors would become so offensive at times that plant em-

ployees were unable to perform their duties because of respiratory problems and eye irritation.

Solution:

The waste lagoon was treated with a single application of EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria cul-

ture) at a level of 45PPM (250 gallons). There was an immediate noticeable reduction in offen-

sive odors coming from thelagoon. Within 14 days, the lagoon was showing signs of increased

biological activity and a substantial reduction in surface solids. At 21 days after treatment, the la-

goon was extremely active with biologicalactivity. The water had returned to a dull pink color

and the surface solids were eliminated.

14

The barns were treated for hydrogen sulfide with EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture). The

product was added to the 242 gallon rinse tanks in each barn at a rate of one quart per tank. Each

barn contained two tanks that were used to flush the pit area under the barns twice daily. The hy-

drogen sulfide reduction was immediate. Covers were removed from the junction boxes and no

offensive odors were discovered.

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was also used to clean the farrowing barn. The product

was applied with the use of a chemical input line on a pressure washer at a rate of six ounces per

gallon. The entire interior of the barn was washed with the product. The results were outstanding.

The only odor apparent in the farrowing barn immediately following treatment came from the

feed in the barn. Application of EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) continued for a test pe-

riod of two months. The plant employees reported remarkable reductions in respiration and eye

irritation side-effects from the hydrogen sulfide odors.

Conclusion:

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) solved the TSS and BOD problems in the waste la-

goon after a single treatment. The lagoon was functioning properly 21 days following treatment.

Hydrogen sulfide odors were greatly reduced by using EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture)

in the pit rinse system at the farm.

Septic and Grease Trap TSS and BOD ReductionRestaurant Application

Problem:

The owner of a seafood restaurant located outside the city limits was faced with a septic system

that was malfunctioning. The restaurant had two thousand-gallon septic tanks. The drain fields

for both tanks were blocked and damaged to the point that neither were functioning properly. The

owner had a major decision to make. The city had plans to extend the municipal sewer service to

his area within the next 18 months. If he chose to repair the drain fields, he would be facing a

large expense and the potential loss of revenue, because the drain fields were located beneath his

parking lot. With the parking lot disrupted, business would certainly suffer. As a temporary solu-

tion to the problem, the owner was being forced to pump the tanks every two weeks at a cost of

$250.00. The owner needed an alternative to repairing a system that he would have no use for in

18 months, and a more cost-effective short-term solution than the pumping alternative.

Solution:

The restaurant began using EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) with the expectation that

the product would reduce the frequency of “pump-outs” needed. The septic system was shocked

with 2.5 gallons of EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) on the first day of treatment.

15

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The restaurant owner immediately noticed a reduction of odors being emitted from the floor and

sink drains in the restaurant. EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was added to the system

at the rate of one-half gallon every third day. The product was applied at the close of business on

the third day to prevent any potential washout and give the product more time to work in the

grease traps.

Conclusion:

Treatment over the first five months resulted in a significant reduction in pump-outs needed.

Prior to treatment, pump-outs were needed every two weeks. Following the introduction of

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) into the system, the frequency of required pump-outs

was extended to approximately seven weeks. Over the five month period, the restaurant saved

nearly $2,000 in costly pump-outs.

Grease Digestion and AdditionalDegradation of CBOD

Problem:

A major full-service bakery in Northern Ohio has a plant for pretreatment of bakery waste before

discharging wastewater to the local village wastewater treatment facility. The average daily

wastewater influent to the pretreatment plant has a concentration of the following: 6,000 to over

100,000 MG/L CBOD; average suspended solids of 6,000 MG/L, and oil and grease concentra-

tions of 800 to 1,000 MG/L.

The average daily flow through this plant is 15,000 to 25,000 gallons per day. This waste is

treatedaerobically in an activated sludge system consisting of two 50,000 gallon aerated tanks in

series; then ispumped from the second tank onto a gravity belt with polymer being injected into

the waste stream.The object of adding EarthWorks Water Treat to this system was to try to in-

crease the biological activity and further reduce the oiland grease.

Solution:

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was added to the system at the following dosage: a

two-gallon initial charge and then a quart per day for a ten day period and then a pint per day as a

continuing maintenance dose.

The following results were observed:

The second aeration tank took on a darker brown color; there is no longer any type of grease

buildup on the paddles of the gravity thickener belt, and there has been a reduction in the poly-

mer dosage of approximately 70%.

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The average effluent discharge to the local village wastewater treatment facility has a CBOD av-

erage of less than 200 MG/L, TSS of 200-400 MG/L, and an average oil and grease of 15 MG/L

or less.

Hydrogen Sulfide and TSS TreatmentAutomatic Carwash Application

Problem:

Automatic carwash operators have been challenged by city officials to reduce the hydrogen sul-

fide in the effluent being released into the city sewer system from the carwash water recovery

tanks. The operators also have a need for a product that could purify the recovered water to a

point that the water could be recycled in the system.

Solution:

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) was applied directly into the recovery tank at an auto-

matic carwash at a rate of 2.5 gallons per 5000 gallons. Within 48 hours, the hydrogen sulfide

odors had dissipated. A maintenance program was started which entailed adding one ounce of

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) to the recovery tank. At the end of the fourth day of

treatment, the water in the recovery tank was clear enough to begin recycling the water into the

wash cycle. The cars are coming out of the wash cleaner than before, with no evidence of water

spotting, which was a major problem when fresh water was being used. The carwash operator is

now recycling the water from the recovery tank on a daily basis. The daily fresh water composi-

tion has been reduced by 70-80%.

Conclusion:

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture)’s performance exceeded original expectations. Hydro-

gen sulfide levels were greatly reduced. The water was sufficiently purified to a point that the re-

cycling process reduced the need for fresh water by over 70%.

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Earthworks Water Treat ApplicationRecommendations for Odor and Corrosion

Control in Municipal and IndustrialWastewater Treatment

Prerequisites:

1. The average and maximum daily hydrogen sulfide PPM levels must be determined.

2. The maximum daily flow rate of effluent in gallons must be determined.

For municipal and industrial wastewater systems, EarthWorks Water Treat should be metered

into the wastewater system as close as possible to the source(s) generating the highest levels of

hydrogen sulfide into the system. For example, if a meat rendering plant is serviced by the sys-

tem and is producing high levels of hydrogen sulfide, EarthWorks Water Treat should be metered

into the system as early as possible near the plant. For wastewater lift station odor problems,

EarthWorks Water Treat should be introduced “up-line” from the problem station at least 100 to

200 yards. This will allow the product the time necessary to blend with the influent and dramati-

cally increase the product’s effectiveness of controlling the hydrogen sulfide levels emitted at the

lift station.

Day One:

The initial system “shock” with the EarthWorks Water Treat product should be equivalent to the

maximum daily hydrogen sulfide reading at the treatment site. For example, if the maximum hy-

drogen PPM is 25, and the maximum daily effluent flow rate is three million gallons, the system

shock should be 75 gallons of EarthWorks Water Treat metered into the system during the first 24

hours.

Formulation: EarthWorks Water Treat Daily PPM = Max H2S PPM x Max Effluent Daily Flow

Result expectations should be a 60 to 75% reduction in hydrogen sulfide PPM at the end of the

first 24 hour application period.

Day Two:

Reduce EarthWorks Water Treat application to 60% of day one application. In the example

above, the second day application will be 45 gallons.

Day Three:

Reduce EarthWorks Water Treat application to 40% of day one application. This equates to 30

PPM daily application based on the example above.

20

Day Four and Beyond (Maintenance Mode):

Starting day four, begin reducing the application rate by 10% from the previous day until the hy-

drogen sulfide levels begin to reach acceptable levels.

EarthWorks Water Treat has proven to be extremely effective in controlling hydrogen sulfide at

application rates as low as 2 PPM of treatment effluent. Performance levels will vary with each

application.

EarthWorks Water Treat is unconditionally guaranteed to maintain a reduced hydrogen sulfide

level of at least 75% of the pretreatment maximum daily levels, provided the product is applied

as directed. Tests have also proven an annualized reduction in corrosion levels of at least 75%.

EarthWorks (bacteria culture) ApplicationRecommendations for BOD and TSS

Reduction in Retention Ponds and Lagoons

Prerequisite:

1. The Biological Oxygen Demand must be determined

2. The Total Suspended Solids must be determined.

3. The total pond or lagoon volume must be determined.

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) can be applied in one of two ways.

Recommended Application One:Shock Treatment with Maintenance Program

This procedure ensures immediate results and is recommended for ponds and lagoons with major

BOD and TSS problems and will ensure rapid reduction in BOD and TSS.

Day One:

The initial system “shock” with EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) should be calculated

based on 40 PPM of the total volume of the pond or lagoon. For example, if the volume is 5 mil-

lion gallons, the system should be shocked with 200 gallons of EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria

culture). The product should be applied uniformly over the entire surface of the treatment site.

Day Two:

Begin metering the product into the pond or lagoon at a rate of 2 PPM. In the example above, 10

gallons per day would be required to maintain a continued influx of product and ensure control

of the BOD and TSS.

21

Recommended Application Two:Maintenance Program

This program is recommended in situations where the levels of BOD and TSS are unacceptable,

but not necessarily at critical levels. Begin the metering program at 2 PPM based on total pond

or lagoon volume.

Expected Results:

After 10 days of treatment as directed, tests have shown a 50 to 60% reduction in BOD and TSS

when compared to pretreatment levels. Daily improvement should be expected if the application

program is followed as directed. Actual site results will vary depending on daily input of waste

into the system. Application rates for the maintenance program may need to be adjusted accord-

ing to waste level input.

EarthWorks Water Treat (bacteria culture) is unconditionally guaranteed to maintain reduced

BOD and TSS levels of the pretreatment maximum daily levels, provided the product is applied

as directed.

Pollution Control of Heavy Metalsin Aqueous Solutions*

Because of the dangers that high concentrations of heavy metals pose, there is a tremendous need

for products that will maintain acceptable levels of heavy metals in waterbodies. Toxic metal de-

posits are commonly found in discharge ponds, lagoons, industrial lakes, and old mines.

Through testing and scientific data, EarthWorks Water Treat has been found to bind and remove,

in varying degrees, these toxic metals:

cadmium iron

lead aluminum

zinc chromium

copper cobalt

selenium nickel

molybdenum mercury

plutonium manganese

*Ongoing tests are being conducted.

22

How to Use EarthWorks For Control of Metals

The amount of EarthWorks Water Treat needed to bind toxic metals will depend on the level of

toxicity or how much of the toxic metal is in the aqueous solution. In most cases, it’s use has

proven to be very cost-effective. Normally, toxicity will not pass EPA regulations if it has small

parts per million. EarthWorks Water Treat has demonstrated the potential to bind and remove

toxic metals using as little as 10 to 20 PPM. It is recommended to start by using 50 PPM upon

the completion of a laboratory toxicity test. Follow up testing should then be made to adjust the

dosage rates accordingly.

Applications of EarthWorks Water Treat may be made by a metering pump at the origin of the

waste stream or by manual spray application on the surface of the waste stream or lagoon. Earth-

Works Water Treat goes into solution very readily. Be sure to agitate thoroughly prior to dispens-

ing into the waste system or pond so that the necessary molecular action can occur.

The following excerpt is from a report by the Bureau of Mines, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. It

was authored by John E. Pahlman and Sanaa E. Khalafalla. It is titled: Use of Humic Substances

to Remove Heavy Metals from Process Waste Streams. The report measures the effectiveness of

compounds displaying similar characteristics to EarthWorks Water Treat. (The findings of this

report do not in any way reflect the use of testing of EarthWorks or any other product manufac-

tured by PolyPortables, Inc.)

The United States Bureau of Mines investigated the feasibility of removing heavy metals from

mineralprocess waste streams by precipitation with humic substances. These high-molecular-

weight organic materials have many functional groups, which can coordinate and form inner-

complex salts with heavy metals that are crystalline percipitates. Filtering of a humic substance

solution or waste stream containing these percipitates removes the heavy metal sequestrates.

Tests were conducted with three humic substance samples in which increasing amounts of these

additives were reacted with 50 ml of solution containing Fe**3** plus, and Hg**1**

plus, AL**3** plus, Cr**3** plus, Pb**2** plus, Cu**2** plus, Cd**2** plus, Zn**2** plus,

Co**2** plus, Ni**2** plus, Mn**2** plus, and Hg**1** plus. At the appropriate ph, greater

than 90 – and 99-pct removal was achieved for these 11 heavy metal ions from the 10- and 100-

ppm solutions, respectively, using humic substances. Removal efficiency with these organic ma-

terials is better than that with CaO, especially for the more toxic ions, Hg**1** plus, Cd**2**

plus, and Pb**2** plus.

23

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

PRODUCT: EARTH WORKS PORTABLE TOILET DEODORIZER

SECTION I

Manufacturer’s Name: Green Way Products, Inc.

Address: 163 Breakstone Drive

Dahlonega, GA 30533

Emergency Telephone: (800) 535-5053

Information Telephone: (706) 864-3776

Date Prepared: 1/05/2005

SECTION II INGREDIENTS/IDENTITY INFORMATION

Hazardous Ingredients: None

Components: Ingredients CAS NO. TLV (ACGIH)

Nitraid 7631-99-4 NA

Alcohols, C12-16, Ethoxylated 68551-12-2 NA

Fragrance Mixture NA

Acid Blue 9, Disodium Salt 3844-45-9 NA

Blue Color

The above ingredients have been added to a non-hazardous liquid organic media.

OSHA PEL: None

Other Limit: None

% (optional) N/A

All chemical ingredients appear on the EPA TSCA Inventory. Values are not product specifications.

Gt=greater than, lt=less than, na=not available.

SECTION III PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Boling Point: 100 C Specific Gravity: 1.04 approx.

Vapor Pressure: Equivalent to water Melting Point: N/A

Vapor Density: Equivalent to water Evaporation Rate: N/D

Solubility in Water: 99% HMIS: H-1, Fire-0, R-0, P-C

Appearance & Odor: Blue Liquid

Pleasant Pungent Fragrance

SECTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA

Flash Point: Approx. 140 F. Flammable Limits: N/A

LEL: N/A UEL: N/A

Extinguishing Media: None

Special Fire Fighting Procedures: N/D

Unusual Fire & Explosion Hazards:N/A

Fire & Explosion Hazard Summary: Not considered to be a fire hazard.

N/A = Not applicable N/D = Not determined

SECTION V REACTIVITY DATA

Stability: (Unstable/Stable) Stable under normal conditions

Conditions to Avoid: Strong acids or alkali compounds

Incompatibility (materials to avoid): Strong acids or alkali compounds

Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts: N/A

Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur

(May occur/Will not occur)

SECTION VI HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Route(s) of Entry:

Inhalation - Will not occur

Skin - Prolonged contact may cause slight irritation

Ingestion - May cause sickness

Health Hazards: None known

(Acute & Chronic)

Carcinogenicity: N/A

NTP - N/A

IARC Monographs - N/A

OSHA Regulated - N/A

Signs & Symptoms of Exposure Ingestion: A single dose of this product is rarely toxic by ingestion. Can result in abdominal pain,

nausea and vomiting. Irritation of the mouth, pharynx & esophagus can develop.

Eyes: Direct contact with eyes causes irritation.

Skin: Slight redness on hands and forearms if individual has a history of dermal allergic reactions.

Medical Conditions Generally

Aggravated by Exposure: May cause infection if in contact with open wounds.

Emergency & First Aid

Procedures: Ingestion: Call poison control center.

Eyes: Immediately flush with water for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persist.

Skin: Remove contaminated clothing and footwear. Wash with soap and water.

N/A = Not applicable N/D = Not determined

SECTION VII PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE HANDLING AND USE

Steps to be Taken In Case

Material is Released or Spilled: Flush spilled materials into sanitary or storm sewers. Use chemical absorbent and sweep up smal

spills. Contain and collect large spills.

Waste and Disposal Method: Dispose of in accordance with federal, state and local regulations.

Precautions to be taken in

Handling and Storing: Minimize exposure in accordance with good hygiene practice. To maintain shelf life, avoid pro

longed exposure to high or low temperatures and humidity. Avoid temperatures above 110 F and

keep from freezing.

Other Precautions: Keep out of reach of children.

SECTION VIII CONTROL MEASURES

Respiratory Protection None required for recommended use. Avoid creating aerosols in poorly ventilated areas.

Ventilation: Local Exhaust- Normal

Mechanical- N/A

Special- None

Other- None

Protective Gloves: Chemical resistant gloves not necessary but recommended.

Eye Protection: Safety glasses recommended.

Other Protective Clothing or

Equipment: As determined.

Work/Hygienic Practices: Normal.

N/A = Not applicable N/D = Not determinedThe information accumulated herein is believed to be accurate but is not warranted to be whether originating with PolyPortables, Inc. or not. PolyPortables, Inc. assumes no responsibility for

the injury to customers or third persons proximately caused by the material if reasonable safety procedures are not adhered to as stipulated in the data sheet. Additionally, since actual use by

others is beyond our control, no guaranteed, expressed or implied, is made by PolyPortables, Inc. as to the effect of such use, the results to be obtained or the safety and toxicity of the product.

Nor does PolyPortables, Inc. assume any liability arising out of use, misuse, by others of the product herein. Information provided herein is supplied by PolyPortables, Inc. solely for customer’s

assistance in complying with the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and regulations thereunder. Any other use is prohibited.

APPENDIX B: EARTHWORKS PERFORMANCE UPDATE—JUNE, 2000

1. Northeast Bakery:

EarthWorks Water Treat with microbes was added at a rate of 1 quart per day to improve the bio-

logical degradation in a 45,000-60,000 gallon per day pretreatment facility for plant wastewater.

There was a dramatically improved degradation of grease, significant reduction of odors, and a

resultant 86% reduction of polymers on the belt press operation. A daily application program is

now in place.

2. Cheese Plant:

This plant has a 10,000-15,000 gallon per day wastewater treatment facility with extended aera-

tion. The primary complaint was odor. The suspected cause was poor aeration, combined with

very odorous cheese waste. This site had used biological cultures with good results but the cul-

tures had no positive impact on odor control. EarthWorks Water Treat with microbes was applied

at a rate of 2 quarts per day. Within two hours of the initial application, odors were eliminated. A

daily application program is in place.

3. Cheese Plant:

This plant has a wastewater pretreatment facility with a daily flow rate of 70,000-110,000 gal-

lons. The two primary issues were odor and poor biological degradation rates. EarthWorks Water

Treat with microbes was added at a rate of 1 quart per day. Odors were eliminated within 24

hours.

4. Cheese Plant:

This plant has an activated sludge sustem with a daily flow rate of 60,000 gallons. The plant had

a bioaugmentation program in place producing satisfactory results, but required an improvement

in odor reduction. The initial application of EarthWorks Water Treat with microbes was 1 quart

per day, which resulted in elimination of odors within the first 24 hours. The plant operators con-

tinue to use EarthWorks Water Treat in all process effluent tanks. In addition, they are now

adding 1 quart to the 300,000 gallon aerobic digester to improve dewatering (sludge settling).

The first test period provided a three-foot improvement in sludge removal. The following week,

plant operators reported a six-foot improvement in sludge removal.

5. Wastewater Treatment Plant:

This plant has a trickling filter system with a 1-million gallon per day flow. EarthWorks Water

Treat with microbes was introduced into the system with the objectives of reducing grease balls,

reducing odors, and removal of phosphate and mercury in the final waste stream. After six days

of application at a rate of 10 PPM of EarthWorks with microbes, the grease balls were eliminated

and a significant reduction in odors was achieved. Phosphate and mercury levels have not im-

proved to date, but the trial is continuing.

26

6. Limestone Quarry:

This quarry removes 500,000-1,000,000 gallons of wastewater daily from the quarry’s lower

level. The wastewater produces high levels of hydrogen sulfide generated by the presence of sul-

fur. Pretreatment H2S levels were as high as 175 PPM. Application of EarthWorks Water Treat

without microbes was initiated at a rate of approximately 18 PPM. The plant manager reported

nearly a total elimination of H2S within the first 24 hours of application. EarthWorks Water Treat

continues to be applied on a daily basis.

7. Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant:

This plant has a daily flow rate of 65,000 gallons. The problems included high levels of fats, oils,

and grease, and high H2S levels. EarthWorksWater Treat without microbes was added with the

objective to reduce the H2S levels and enhance the bio-augmentation process of the cultures. The

application rate was set at .5 gallons per day. Within the first 24 hours of treatment, the hydrogen

sulfide odors were eliminated, and a noticeable reduction in grease was observed. The plant is

under-aerated and cannot achieve optimum performance from EarthWorks Water Treat or bacte-

ria additives. Application continues on a daily basis.

8. Dairy Farm in Ohio:

This farm has a 50,000 gallon maternity waste pit that produces extremely offensive odors.

EarthWorks Water Treat without microbes provided a total elimination of odors during waste re-

moval from storage pits and a reduction in land applications.

9. Florida Wastewater Treatment Facility:

The operations manager reported odor problems that were being generated by a system-forced

main lift station. EarthWorks Water Treat without microbes was applied at a rate of approxi-

mately 10 PPM. The performance report noted a significant reduction in odors within the first 24

hours of application.

27

NOTES

28

NOTES

29

NOTES

30

99 Crafton Drive | Dahlonega, GA 30533 | 800-241-7951 | www.greenwayproducts.net