dwa concrete spec

8/10/2019 DWA Concrete Spec

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SPECIFICATION DWS 0750

WATER RETAINING CONCRETE

Revised: April 1989

rm!"s!10007#$%!p1s1


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DWS 0750W&"er Re"&i'i'( C)'*re"e

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C+A,SE CONTENTS PAGE N,-.ER

1/ SCOPE /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

5

/ GENERA+ ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

5

/1 Spervisi)' ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

5

/ Re*)rds ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

5

#/ -ATERIA+S /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

5

#/1 Ceme'" ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

5

#/ C)&rse&((re(&"e ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

$

#/# Fi'e&((re(&"e /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

7

#/% S")*2pili'( )3 &((re(&"e //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8

#/5 W&"er ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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#/$ Admi4"res ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8

#/7 Rei'3)rm*eme'" ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8

#/8 Tes"s ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

9

%/ .ATCING ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

11

5/ -I6ING /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1

$/ S,TTERING ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1#

$/1 C)'s"r*"i)' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1#

$/ S""eri'(sr3&*es ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1#

$/# Sr3&*e ")ler&'*e

irre(l&ri"ies /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1%

$/% Sr3&*e3i'ises ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

15

$/5 Prep&r&"i)' )3 s""ers /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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$/$ Rem)v&ls""ers /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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7/ FI6INGREINFORCING ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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7/1 .e'di'( /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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7/ P)si"i)'i'( ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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8/ CONCRETE //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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8/1C)'*re"e*l&sses //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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8/ W)r2&ili" ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1

8/# Pr)p)r"i)'s ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1

8/% C&'(es i' pr)p)r"i)'s:E'(i'eer ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1

8/5 C&'(es i' pr)p)r"i)'s:C)'"r&*")r /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8/$ C&'(es i'reireme'"s /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8/7 W)r2s "es"s )'*)'*re"e ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8/8 ;&li" *)'"r)lreireme'"s /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

8/9 S"re'("reireme'"s //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#

8/10 Remedies p)' 3&ilre )3 *)'*re"e //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#

9/ PREPARATION FORP+ACING ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

%

9/1 Ge'er&l /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

%

9/ F)'d&"i)'sr3&*es /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

%

9/# C)'s"r*"i)' *)'"r&*"i)'


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C+A,SE CONTENTS PAGE N,-.ER

10/ P+ACING AND CO-PACTION OF

CONCRETE /////////////////////////////////////////////////

$

10/1 A")ri" ")*)mme'*e ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

$

10/ Tr&'sp)r"i'( /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

$

10/# Pl&*i'( /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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10/% C)mp&*"i)' //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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10/5 Ge'er&l ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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11/ C,RING AND CO-PACTION OFCONCRETE ///////////////////////////////////////////////////

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1/ REPAIRS TOCONCRETE //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#0

1#/ SPECIA+ CONCRETE-I6ES /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#0

1#/1 S)lid li'di'(*)'*re"e /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#0

1#/ N)=Fi'es*)'*re"e ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#0

1%/ PRESTRESSEDCONCRETE //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#0

1%/1 Ge'er&l /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#0

1%/ Pres"ressi'(>ire //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#1

1%/# D*"s 3)r p)s""e'si)'i'( //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#1

1%/% A'*)r&(es //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#1

1%/5 Sp&*i'( )3 >ires ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#1

1%/$ S"ressi'( //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#1

1%/7 Gr)"i'( )3 D*"s /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#

1%/8 Pr)"e*"i)' )3 &'*)r&(es ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// #

1%/9 Tr&'sp)r"i'( s")r&(e ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#

1%/10 De3e*"ive'i"s /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

##

15/ DE-O+ITION OF E6ISTINGCONCRETE ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

##

15/1 Ge'er&l ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

##

15/ Rem)v&l )3 *)'*re"e ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

##

1$/ -EAS,RE-ENT //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

##

1$/1 C)'*re"e /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ##

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////1$/ Rei'3)r*eme'" //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

////#%

1$/# S""eri'( /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#%

1$/% Sr3&*e3i'ises ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#%

1$/5 PRe*&s"? rei'3)r*ed )r pres"ressed

'i"s /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#5

1$/$ A'*)r&(es //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#5

1$/7 Dem)li"i)' )3 e4is"i'(>)r2 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#5

1$/8 Ge'er&l /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#5

17/ PA@-ENT ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#5

TE TOTA+ N,-.ER OF PAGES IN TIS SPECIFICATION IS #$

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1/ SCOPE

Tis >)r2 s&ll *)'sis" )3 pr)*ri'( &'d sppli'( "e 'e*ess&r m&"eri&ls? mi4i'( &'d pl&*i'( "e *)'*re"e ")"e reired pr)p)r"i)'s? ere*"i)' &'d s"rippi'( )3 "e s""ers? prep&ri'( &rde'ed &'d )ld *)'*re"e sr3&*es

") &**ep" 3res *)'*re"e? e'di'( &'d 3i4i'( )3 rei'3)r*eme'"? s"ressi'( )3 pres"ressed *)'*re"e memers?ere*"i)' )3 pre*&s" rei'3)r*ed )r pres"ressed *)'*re"e memers? *ri'( )3 "e *)'*re"e? rep&ir )3 d&m&(ed*)'*re"e? 3)rmi'( )3 i" "e reireme'"s )3 "e relev&'"Spe*i3i*&"i)'s/ Tes"s 3)r >&"er"i("'ess s&ll e i' &**)rd&'*e >i" "e reireme'"s )3 "e relev&'"Spe*i3i*&"i)'s/

/ GENERA+

/1 Spervisi)'

Dri'( "e >)le )r &' "ime "&" "e pl&*i'( )3 *)'*re"e is ei'( *&rried )"? "e *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)' s&ll e'der "e spervisi)' )3 & si"&l &li3ied E'(i'eer )r )"er e4perie'*ed pers)' &**ep"&le ") "e E'(i'eer/

/ Re*)rds

A *)mple"e re*)rd s&ll e 2ep" )3 &ll *)'*re"e >)r2? >i* s&ll *)ver "e &li" &'d &'"i" )3 *)'*re"e? "epl&*i'( )3 rei'3)r*i'( s"eel? "e rem)v&l )3 s""ers? "e *ri'( )3 "e *)'*re"e? "e s"ressi'( )3 pres"ressed*)'*re"e 'i"s &'d "e resl"s )3 &ll "es"s des*ried 'der s*l&se #/8/ A d&il re*)rd s&ll e 2ep" )3 "epr)(ress )3 "e >)r2/ Te p)si"i)' )3 &ll *)'s"r*"i)' i'(s s&ll e re*)rded &s)rdered "e E'(i'eer/

Te m&4imm &'d mi'imm d&il "emper&"res s&ll e re*)rded/

All "e &)ve re*)rds s&ll e &v&il&le &" &ll "imes dri'( "e pr)(ress )3 "e >)r2 3)r i'spe*"i)' "eE'(i'eer &'d )' *)mple"i)' )3 "e >)r2 & *)p )3 "e re*)rds s&ll e dep)si"ed >i" im/ F)r "e dr&"i)' )3"e C)'"r&*" & *)p )3 &ll "e re*)rds s&ll e dep)si"ed >ee2l >i" e Reside'" E'(i'eer )' & d& ") em"&ll &(reed p)'/

#/ -ATERIA+S

#/1 Ceme'"

Ceme'" s&ll e ')rm&l )r r&pid &rde'i'( P)rl&'d *eme'" *)'3)rmi'( ") "e reireme'"s )3 SA.S %71?l&"es" edi"i)'/ N) &ddi"ives >e"er "e e )3 & >&"erpr))3i'( *&r&*"er )r ')"? >ill e permi""ed >i")" "e>ri""e' &ppr)v&l )3 "e E'(i'eer/

.l&s" 3r'&*e *eme'" )r *eme'"s *)'"&i'i'( sl&( &ddi"ives m& ')" e sed >i")" "e >ri""e' permissi)' )3"e E'(i'eer/

All *eme'" )' "e W)r2s s&ll e 3res &'d )3 "e es" &li" &'d e spplied & 3&*")r s* &s >ill mee">i" "e &ppr)v&l )3 "e E'(i'eer/ Pre3ere'*e >ill e (ive' ") *eme'" >i" & m)der&"e e&" )3 dr&"i)' &'dl)> &l2&li *)'"e'"/

Te e&" )3 dr&"i)' &" 8 d&s s&ll ')" e4*eed ##5 )les per (r&mme >e' si'( "e e&" )r s)l"i)'me")d/

Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll &l>&s &ve &" "is disp)s&l )' "e Si"e & mi'imm s")*2 )3 *eme'" s33i*ie'" 3)r >ee2s ')rm&l >)r2 &'d ') *eme'" s&ll e s")red 3)r m)re "&' 8 >ee2s/ Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll e'de&v)r "))"&i' &ll *eme'" spplies 3r)m "e s&me 3&*")r/

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Tr&'sp)r" )3 *eme'" ") "e Si"e m& e ei"er i' l2 )r i' ml"i>&ll p&per s&*2s/ We' l2 "r&'sp)r" )rs")r&(e )3 *eme'" is ei'( empl)ed "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll e'sre "&" ') *)'"&mi'&"i)' 3)rei(' m&"eri&ls)**rs &'d "&" &ll m)is"re is e4*lded/ Sil)s 3)r l2 s")r&(e s&ll e s) *)'s"r*"ed "&" "e *eme'" is

pr)"e*"ed 3r)m "e &*"i)' )3 &"m)speri* &(e'"s &'d ms" e 3ll >&"erpr))3/ I' &ddi"i)' "e me")d )3*&r(i'( &'d dis*&r(i'( 3r)m "e sil)s ms" e s* "&" "e )ldes" *eme'" is &l>&s sed 3irs"/ Ceme'""r&'p)r"ed i' s&*2s s&ll e s")red i' s)lidl *)'s"r*"ed >e&"erpr))3 seds )3 s33i*ie'" *&p&*i"? pr)vided>i" d&mp pr))3 3l))rs &" le&s" %50 mm &)ve (r)'d level &'d *)vered "&rp&li's/ Te *eme'" s&*2ss&ll e *l)sedl s"&*2ed ") & ei(" ')" e4*eedi'( 1 s&*2s &'d s&ll ')" e p&*2ed &(&i's" )"side >&lls/Te s"&*2i'( &rr&'(eme'" s&ll e s* "&" "e *eme'" is sed i' )rder i' >i* re*eived 'less i" &s ee'reill ')" e &**ep"ed/

Te *)&rse &((re&(&"e s&ll *)'3)rm ") &'d e "es"ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" "e reireme'"s )3 SA.S 108# >i""e 3)ll)>i'( &ddi"i)'s:

i Te 150 mm ')mi'&l sie? >i* is ')" spe*i3ied i' SA.S 108#? s&ll 3&ll >i"i' "e 3)ll)>i'( (r&di'(limi"s:

Per*e'"&(e p&ssi'( "e 150 mm sieve 90 ") 100/

Per*e'"&(e p&ssi'( "e 75 mm sieve 0 ") 5/ Per*e'"&(e p&ssi'( "e %0 mm sieve 0 ") 5/

N) plms m& e sed i' &' pl&i' )r rei'3)r*ed *)'*re"e/

ii Te >ei("ed &ver&(e l)ss &3"er 5 **les i' "e s)dim spl&"e "es" &s des*ried i' AST- C88=SSTs&ll ')" e m)re "&' 10 m&ss/

iii Te li'e&r sri'2&(e >e' "es"ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" *l&se $/11 )3 SA.S 108# >e' si'( "e 3i'e&((re(&"e i'"e'ded 3)r se )' "e W)r2s s&ll ')" e4*eed 0?05/ I' &ddi"i)' "e li'e&r sri'2&(e )3"e *)&rse &((re(&"e >e' si'( & 3i'e &((re(&"e 2')>' ") &ve ') sri'2&(e *&r&*"eris"i*s s&ll')" e4*eed 0?0#5/

#//# Sep&r&"i)'

Te *)&rse &((re(&"e s&ll e sep&r&"ed &'d sep&r&"el s")red i'") "e 3)ll)>i'( ')mi'&l sie 3r&*"i)'s? "&l"er'&"ive sie 3r&*"i)'s *&' e sed s


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A((re(&"e Desi('&"i)' N)mi'&l Sie R&'(eHmm mm

10 5?0 = 10?00 10?0 = 0?0%0 0?0 = %0?075 %0?0 = 75150 75 = 150

A3"er sep&r&"i)' )3 "e di33ere'" &((re(&"e sies? "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll e'sre "&" "e per*e'"&(e m&"eri&l? m&ss? p&ssi'( "e pper &'d l)>er sieves )3 "e ')mi'&l sie r&'(e d)es ')" v&r m)re "&' & ")"&l )3 53)r e&* )3 "ese ">) sieve sies? s (r&di'( &re &v&il&le/ Te *)s" )3 s* "ri&l mi4es s&l e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/

#/# Fi'e &((re(&"e

#/#/1 Ge'er&l

Te "erm B3i'e &((re(&"eB s&ll e sed ") desi('&"e &((re(&"e i' >i* "e ')mi'&l m&4imm sie )3 p&r"i*leis 5?0 mm/ All 3i'e &((re(&"e 3)r *)'*re"e )r m)r"&r s&ll e 3r)m dep)si"s &ppr)ved "e E'(i'eer? "s* &ppr)v&l s&ll ')" e *)'s"red &s *)'s"i""i'( &ppr)v&l )3 &ll m&"eri&ls "&2e' 3r)m dep)si"s &'d s&ll i'') >& relieve "e C)'"r&*")r )3 is resp)'siili" ") e'sre "&" "e m&"eri&ls sed i' "e >)r2 *)'3)rm ") "espe*i3ied &li"/ Te se )3 limi"ed &'"i"ies )3 *rser 3i'es i' )rder ") *)rre*" "e (r&di'( s&ll )>ever esell s&ped p&r"i*les &'d s&ll e 3ree 3r)mi'i" & spe*i3i* (r&vi" )3 less "&' ? *)&l )r *l&e4*eeds 1/

Te 3i'e &((re(&"e s&ll *)'3)rm ") &'d e "es"ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" "e reireme'"s )3 SA.S 108#? >i""e 3)ll)>i'( &ddi"i)'sJ &ll "es"s e4*ep" 3)r "e (r&di'( &'&lsis ei'( *)'d*"ed &'d ev&l&"ed )'l )' "emi's %?75 mm m&"eri&l:

i N)" m)re "&' 10 m&ss )3 "e 3i'e &((re(&"e s&ll e re"&i'ed )' "e 5?0 mm sieve/ O3 "e

mi's 5?0 mm 3r&*"i)' &" le&s" 90 m&ss s&ll p&ss & ?#$ mm sieve? &" le&s" 90 m&ss s&lle re"&i'ed )' 150 mi*r)me"res sieve &'d ')" m)re "&' % m&ss s&ll p&ss "e 75 mi*r)me"ressieve/ I' &ddi"i)' ')" less "&' # s&ll p&ss "e 150 mi*r)me"res sieve/

ii Te 3i'e'ess m)dls F/-/ )3 "e s&'d pr)vided s&ll 3&ll >i"i' "e r&'(e ?0 ") #?/ Tr)()""e dr&"i)' )3 *)'*re"i'( si3" "e F/-/ )3 "e s&'d s&ll ')" v&r m)re "&' 0?1 )' ei"er side )3"e v&le e4is"i'( &" "e *)mme'*eme'" )3 "e si3"? " i' ') *&se s&ll "e limi"s s"&"ed previ)sl e4*eeded/ Fr"erm)re? >e'ever "e F/-/ v&ries m)re "&' 0? 3r)m "e F/-/ )3 "e s&'dsed i' "e "ri&l mi4es? "e E'(i'eer s&ll )rder "&" 'e> mi4 pr)p)r"i)'s &sed )' "ri&l mi4es si'("e s&'d >i" "e 'e> (r&di'( e per3)rmed/ Te *)s" )3 s* &ddi"i)'&l "ri&l mi4es s&ll e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/

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iii Te s&pe )3 "e p&r"i*les s&ll e s* "&" "e per*e'"&(e v)ids d)es ')" e4*eed %8/

iv Te li'e&r sri'2&(e >e' "es"ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" *l&se $/11 )3 SA.S 108#? &'d >e' si'( "e

*)&rse &((re(&"e &ppr)ved 3)r se i' "e W)r2s s&ll ')" e4*eed 0?05/ I' &ddi"i)' "e li'e&rsri'2&(e *&r&*"eris"i*s )3 & m)r"&r &r s&ll ')" e4*eed 0?0$/

Te E'(i'eer s&ll &ve "e ri("? &" &' "ime e *)'siders "e 3i'e &((re(&"e dir"? ") )rder i" ") e >&sed &ppr)ved me&'s )r ") e rem)ved 3r)m Si"e &" "e e4pe'se )3 "e C)'"r&*")r &'d ') 3i'e &((re&("e >e')rdered ") e >&sed s&ll e sed i' "e >)r2s '"il s) >&sed/

#/% S")*2pili'( )3 &((re(&"e

A((re(&"es s&ll e s")red i' 3l&" s")*2piles i' s* >& "&" se(re(&"i)' )3 "e sies i' &' s")*2pile is&v)ided &s 3&r &s p)ssile/ Spill&(e )3 m&"eri&l 3r)m )'e s")*2pile i'") &')"er s&ll e preve'"ed "epr)visi)' )3 &de&"e l2e&ds/ Te *)'"&mi'&"i)' )3 s")*2piles ds" &'d 3)rei(' m&""er s&ll epreve'"ed/

I' )" >e&"er *)'*re"i'( *)&rse &((re(&"e dmps e4p)sed ") "e s' s&ll e pre=*))led ") &mie'""emper&"res )ld m&2e i" 'si"&le 3)r se/

I3 "e >&"er 3r)m l)*&l '&"r&l res)r*es s)ld *)'"&i' &" *er"&i' "imes )&"er s&ll *)mpl >i" "e reireme'"s )3 .S #1%8/

#/$ Admi4"res

Admi4"res s* &s &ir e'"r&i'i'( )r >e""i'( &(e'"s m& e sed )'l >i" "e >ri""e' &ppr)v&l )3 "eE'(i'eer *)veri'( "e "pe? &m)'" &'d l)*&"i)' )3 se/ Admi4"res s&ll e me&sred &**r&"el &'d s&lle i'"r)d*ed i'") "e mi4er i' s)l"i)' i' "e mi4i'( >&"er/ ,se )3 &dmi4"res i' "e *)'*re"e s&ll i' ') >&relieve "e C)'"r&*")r )3 is resp)'siili" 3)r *)mpli&'*e >i" "e reireme'"s )3 "ese Spe*i3i*&"i)'s()ver'i'( pr)"e*"i)' &'d *ri'( )3 "e *)'*re"e/

Te *)s" )3 si'( &'d "es"i'( s* &dmi4"res i3 permi""ed "e E'(i'eer s&ll e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/

I3 "e se )3 &ir e'"r&i'i'( &(e'"s is permi""ed "e E'(i'eer "es" me&sreme'"s s&ll e *&rried )" "eC)'"r&*")r )' "e Si"e &s &'d >e' reired "e E'(i'eer ") de"ermi'e =

i "e per*e'"&(e )3 &ir e'"r&i'ed i' "e *)'*re"e &3"er elimi'&"i)' )3 &((re(&"e l&r(er "&' 19?0 mmJ&'d

ii "e de'si" )3 "e *)'*re"e/

Air E'"r&i'i'( A(e'"s s&ll *)mpl ") "e reireme'"s )3 AST- C$0 &'d W&"er Red*i'( Addi"ives s&ll*)mpl ") AST- C%9%? "pe A/ Te &ddi"ives s&ll e 3ree )3 *l)rides/

#/7 Rei'3)r*eme'"

Tese reireme'"s s&ll e deemed ") *)ver &ll s"eel sed i' *)'*re"e *)'s"r*"i)'/

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#/7/1 Ge'er&l

S"eel rei'3)r*eme'" s&ll e pl&*ed i' "e *)'*re"e >erever s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r >ere dire*"ed "e E'(i'eer/

Rei'3)r*eme'" s&ll *)'sis" )3 pl&i' )r de3)rmed s"eel &rs )r )3 *)ld=dr&>' s"eel >ire )r )3 3&ri*&"ed 3)rms)3 "ese m&"eri&ls &s s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s/ Te m&"eri&ls s&ll *)mpl >i" "e reireme'"s )3 "e l&"es"edi"i)'s )3 "e relev&'" S)" A3ri*&' &'d .ri"is S"&'d&rd Spe*i3i*&"i)'s &s se" )" ere'der:

SA.S 90 S"eel &rs 3)r *)'*re"e rei'3)r*eme'"/

.S %%%9 )" r)lled s"eel &rs 3)r "e rei'3)r*eme'" )3 *)'*re"e/

.S %%8 &rd dr&>' mild s"eel >ire 3)r "e rei'3)r*eme'" )3 *)'*re"e/

.S 589$ i( "e'sile s"eel >ire s"r&'d 3)r pres"ressi'( )3 *)'*re"e/

SA.S 10% Welded s"eel 3&ri* 3)r *)'*re"e rei'3)r*eme'"/

S"r*"r&l s"eel se*"i)'s sed 3)r s"eel rei'3)r*eme'" s&ll *)mpl >i" "e l&"es" edi"i)'s )3 "e relev&'".ri"is S"&'d&rd Spe*i3i*&"i)'s &s se" )" ere'der:

.S %#$0: P&r" Weld&le s"r*"r&l s"eels/

O' "e dr&>i'(s "e 3)ll)>i'( ')"&"i)' is sed ") i'di*&"e "e v&ri)s "pes )3 rei'3)r*eme'" &rs:

R = R)'d mild s"eel &rs/

@ = i( ield s"ress de3)rmed &rs? Tpe C *l&ss )r Tpe D/

K = A' "pe ')" *)vered R &'d @? "e "pe ms" e spe*i3ied )' "e dr&>'(s &'d s*edles/

i( "e'sile pres"ressi'( s"eel s&ll *)'3)rm ") .S589$? e4*ep" "&" 7 mm di&me"er >ire s&ll &ve &mi'imm l"im&"e "e'sile s"re'(" )3 1 570 -P& &'d "&" "e el)'(&"i)' &" rp"re s&ll ')" e less "&' %?

me&sred )ver & 'dred 100 mm (&(e le'("/L&ri&"i)'s i' "e di&me"er )3 pres"ressi'( >ire s&ll ')" e4*eed 75 mi*r)me"res &" &' *r)ss=se*"i)' ')r s&ll&' di&me"er v&r m)re "&' 75 mi*r)me"res 3r)m "e ')mi'&l di&me"er/

#/7/ Cle&'i'(

.e3)re pl&*i'( &' rei'3)r*ed &rs )r *&le d*"s "e sr3&*es )3 "e &rs )r *&le d*"s &'d "e sr3&*es )3&' me"&l spp)r"s 3)r "e &rs )r *&le d*"s s&ll e *le&'ed )3 *)'*re"e? dir"? (re&se )r )"er 3)rei(' m&""er>i* is )i" "eSpe*i3i*&"i)' reireme'"s? "e >)le *)'si('me'" 3r)m >i* "e s&mple >&s "&2e' >ill e re


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A' *eme'" >i* &s ee' s")red )' Si"e 3)r m)re "&' ">) m)'"s m& e reired "e E'(i'eer ") ere="es"ed e3)re se &s &'d >ere e dire*"s? &'d "e >)le *)s" )3 re"es"i'( s&ll e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/

All "es"s s&ll e per3)rmed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" "e relev&'" SA.S spe*i3i*&"i)'s spe*i3ied i' s*l&se #/1/

#/8/ C)&rse &((re(&"e

Peri)di* "es"s >ill e d)'e "e E'(i'eer )' "e *)&rse &((re(&"e &'d "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll pr)vide s*3&*ili"ies &s m& e 'e*ess&r 3)r pr)*ri'( represe'"&"ive "es" s&mples/ Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll smi" 3)rprelimi'&r "es"s &'d &ppr)v&l & represe'"&"ive 100 2il)(r&m s&mple )3 e&* sie )3 *)&rse &((re(&"epr)p)sed 3)r se i' "e W)r2s &" le&s" % >ee2s e3)re "e *)&rse &((re(&"e is reired 3)r se i3 dep)si"s ')"&lre&d &ppr)ved "e E'(i'eer &re ") e sed/

C)&rse &((re(&"e s&ll &ls) sill e &ppr)ved 3)r se i' "e W)r2s '"il s&"is3&*")r "es"s &ve ee' m&de )' *)'*re"e *es/

S&mples s&ll e "&2e' 3r)m "e &"*i'( pl&'" )3 e&* *&"e()r )3 m&"eri&l &'d )3 "e dr mi4es e3)re&ddi'( *eme'" &'d >&"er i' )rder ") *e*2 "e (r&di'( &'d "e 3ree m)is"re prese'" i' "e *)&rse &((re(&"e&s &'d >e' "e E'(i'eer m& dire*"/ Te per*e'"&(e 3ree m)is"re prese'" >ill ')rm&ll e *e*2ed &" le&s")'*e d&il/

All "es"s &'d "e i'"erpre"&"i)' )3 "es"s s&ll e i' &**)rd&'*e >i" SA.S 108#/

#/8/# Fi'e &((re(&"e

Peri)di*&l "es"s >ill e d)'e "e E'(i'eer )' "e 3i'e &((re(&"e &'d "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll pr)vide s*3&*ili"ies &s m& e 'e*ess&r 3)r pr)*ri'( represe'"&"ive s&mples/ Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll smi" 3)rprelimi'&r "es"s &'d &ppr)v&l & represe'"&"ive #0 2il)(r&m s&mple )3 3i'e &((re(&"e 3r)m e&* dep)si" &"le&s" % >ee2s e3)re "e 3i'e &((re(&"e is reired 3)r se? i3 'e> dep)si"s ')" &lre&d &ppr)ved "eE'(i'eer &re ") e sed/

Te 3i'e &((re(&"e s&ll e "es"ed 3)r ds"? l)&m? sil"? )r(&'i* m&""er )r )"er de"rime'"&l i'(redie'"s &s >ell&s 3)r *le&'li'ess? (r&di'(? 3i'e'ess m)dls &'d )"er 'e*ess&r &li"ies e3)re deliver ") "e &"*i'(pl&'" is *)mme'*ed &'d &" 3ree'" i'"erv&ls "ere&3"er? &'d ') s&'d >i* 3&ils ") *)mpl >i" "ereireme'"s )3 "ese "es"s s&ll e sed 3)r *)'*re"e/

Te 3i'e &((re(&"e s&ll &ls) e s&"er=*eme'" r&"i)/ Dri'( *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)'s "e s&'d sed &" "e &"*i'( pl&'" s&ll e s&mpled )rl/L&ri&"i)'s i' m)is"re *)'"e'" s&ll ')" e4*eed 1 3r)m )r ") )r ')r m)re "&' # dri'( )'e 8 ") 10)r *)'*re"i'( si3"/

Te 3i'e &((re(&"e (r&di'( s&ll e "es"ed "e C)'"r&*")r &" re(l&r i'"erv&ls "&2i'( 1 s&mple 3)r ever150 *i* me"res )3 *)'*re"e pl&*ed/ I' "e eve'" )3 sm&ller &'"i"ies )3 *)'*re"e ei'( pl&*ed i' )'e*)'*re"i'( si3"? "e s&'d (r&di'( s&ll e "es"ed &" "e e(i''i'( &'d &" "e e'd )3 e&* *)'*re"i'( si3"/C)pies )3 "e resl"s s&ll e dep)si"ed >i" "e E'(i'eer ')" l&"er "&' 1 d& &3"er per3)rmi'( "e "es"s/

All "es"s &'d "e i'"erpre"&"i)' )3 "es"s s&ll e i' &**)rd&'*e >i" SA.S 108#/

#/8/% Rei'3)r*eme'"

N) "es"s )' "e rei'3)r*eme'" 'eed e *)'d*"ed )' Si"e? " i" >ill e reired )3 "e C)'"r&*")r ") sppl ")"e E'(i'eer? 3)r e&* &"* )r *)'si('eme'" )r )" )3 s"eel )"er "&' mild s"eel delivered )' Si"e? *)pies )3*er"i3i*&"es spplied "e m&'3&*"rer )r &' &ppr)ved "es"i'( l&)r&")r s"&"i'( "e relev&'" SA.S? ./S/)r AST- Spe*i3i*&"i)' >i" >i* "e s"eel *)mplies &'d &ls) "e (&r&'"eed mi'imm ield s"ress i' "ev&ri)s sie r&'(es/ Cer"i3i*&"es *&' e dispe'sed >i" i3 "e s"eel e&rs s)me *le&r ide'"i3i*&"i)' m&r2spl&*ed "ere)' "e m&'3&*"rer ") *er"i3 "e &li"/

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Tes" *er"i3i*&"es 3)r pres"ressi'( s"eel *)'d*"ed )' e&* sie &"* &'d *)'si('me'" delivered s&ll i'*lde"e 3)ll)>i'( i'3)rm&"i)':

i N)mi'&l di&me"er/

ii ,l"im&"e s"re'("/

iii 0? per *e'" pr))3 s"ress/

iv Te m)dls )3 el&s"i*i"/

v Te el)'(&"i)' &" rp"re )ver 100 mm (&(e le'("/

vi Te *)'"r&*"i)' )3 &re& &" 3r&*"re? i' per *e'"/

vii Te *reep *&r&*"eris"i*s? )" 'der *)'s"&'" l)&d &'d *)'s"&'" el)'(&"i)'/

viii Te 'i" >ei("/

i4 Te s"ress=s"r&i' di&(r&m/

%/ .ATCING

Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll pr)vide s* me&'s &'d eipme'" &s &re reired ") de"ermi'e &**r&"el &'d ")*)'"r)l "e &m)'" )3 e&* sep&r&"e i'(redie'" e'"eri'( "e *)'*re"e i' "e pr)p)r"i)'s i'di*&"ed "e resl"s)3 "ri&l mi4es per3)rmed "e C)'"r&*")r 3)r e&* *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e i'"e'ded 3)r se i' "e W)r2s/ S*me&'s &'d eipme'" s&ll &" &ll "imes e s&"er i' & m&'&ll *)'"r)lled )r &")m&"i* "pe )3 >ei(i'( &'d &"*i'( pl&'"/

Te &rr&'(eme'"s m&de s&ll e ") "e &ppr)v&l )3 "e E'(i'eer &'d s&ll e s* "&" &ll )per&"i)'s *&' e

vie>ed 3r)m & si'(le p)i'" &'d "s e *&p&le )3 ei'( 3ll i'spe*"ed &'d *e*2ed &' &ppr)vedi'spe*")r/

Te me&sri'( eipme'" s&ll e *&p&le )3 re&d &d &"* )3 *)'*re"e m&"eri&ls *&'')" e delivered '"il "e >ei(i'( )ppers &veee' *)mple"el emp"ied )3 "e previ)s &"* &'d "e s*&les &re i' &l&'*e/ Were dis*&r(e )3 m&"eri&ls i'"e )ppers is m&'&ll *)'"r)lled & me")d )3 si('&lli'( me&'s )3 *)l)red 3l&(s )r )"er>ise s&ll eempl)ed ") e'sre "&" i'(redie'"s &re ')" )mi""ed )r &dded m)re "&' )'*e ") & si'(le &"* )3 *)'*re"e/

C)'ve'ie'" 3&*ili"ies s&ll e pr)vided 3)r re&dil )"&i'i'( represe'"&"ive s&mples )3 *eme'"? &ddi"ives &'de&* *l&ss )3 *)&rse &'d 3i'e &((re(&"e e">ee' "e sppl i's &'d "e mi4ers/ Te 3&*ili"ies s&ll &ls)

i'*lde me&'s s&"is3&*")r ") "e E'(i'eer 3)r )"&i'i'( represe'"&"ive s&mples )3 *)'*re"e &" "e p)i'" )3dis*&r(e )3 e&* mi4er/ All s&mpli'( s&ll *)mpl >i" SA.S -e")d 8$1/

Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll pr)vide s"&'d&rd "es" m&sses? &" le&s" eiv&le'" ") "e m&4imm >)r2i'( l)&d )' "em)s" e&vil l)&ded s*&le &'d )"er &4ili&r eipme'" reired 3)r *e*2i'( "e s&"is3&*")r )per&"i)' )3e&* s*&le )r )"er me&sri'( devi*e/ Tes"s s&ll e *)'d*"ed "e C)'"r&*")r &" i'"erv&ls ") ede"ermi'ed "e E'(i'eer &'d s&ll e *)'d*"ed i' "e prese'*e )3 &'d ") "e &ppr)v&l )3 "e E'(i'eer/

Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll 3r'is "e E'(i'eer >i" *)pies )3 "e *)mple"e resl"s )3 "e "es"s &'d s&ll m&2e&d


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A' )4 *)'"&i'i'( "e levers )r m&sses )r )" )3 "e >ei(i'( )r &"*i'( pl&'" s&ll e 2ep" l)*2ed &'d "e2es dep)si"ed >i" "e E'(i'eers Represe'"&"ive/

5/ -I6ING

Te *)'*re"e mi4i'( pl&'" s&ll e i's"&lled i' & si"&le p)si"i)' )' "e Si"e ") "e &ppr)v&l )3 "e E'(i'eer/

All *)'*re"e mi4i'( m&*i'es s&ll e *&p&le )3 pr)d*i'( & 'i3)rm dis"ri"i)' )3 "e i'(redie'"s"r)()" "e mi4"re/

Te &de&* )3 mi4i'( s&ll e de"ermi'ed "e me")d )3 BL&ri&ili" )3 C)'s"i"e'"s i' C)'*re"eB i'&**)rd&'*e >i" "e pr)visi)'s )3 Desi('&"i)' $ )3 "e seve'" Edi"i)' )3 "e C)'*re"e -&'&l )3 ,/S/.re& )3 Re*l&m&"i)'/ -i4ers s&ll e s* "&" "e *)'*re"e pr)d*ed *)mplies >i" "e 3)ll)>i'(reireme'"s:

& Te v&ri&ili" )3 "e 'i" m&ss )3 &ir 3ree m)r"&r i' s&mples "&2e' 3r)m "e 3irs" &'d l&s" p)r"i)'s )3"e &"* &s dis*&r(ed 3r)m "e mi4er s&ll ')" e4*eed 0?8 >ere "e v&ri&ili" is de3i'ed &s "edi33ere'*e e">ee' "e ">) m&sses e4pressed &s & per*e'"&(e )3 "e ")"&l )3 "e ">) m&sses/

F)r &' )'e *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)'? "e &ver&(e v&ri&ili" )3 "e 'i" m&ss )3 &ir 3ree m)r"&r 3)r m)re"&' )'e &"* s&ll ')" e4*eed "e 3)ll)>i'( limi"s/

Nmer )3 Tes"s Aver&(e L&ri&ili"

# 0?$$ 0?50 0?%90 0?#

* Te per*e'"&(e )3 *)&rse &((re(&"e m&ss i' s&mples )3 *)'*re"e "&2e' 3r)m "e 3irs" &'d l&s"p)r"i)'s )3 & &"* &s dis*&r(ed 3r)m "e mi4er s&ll ')" di33er m)re "&' 10 )3 "e me&'/

E&* mi4er &'d i"s )per&"i)' s&ll e si* i'is )pi'i)' is 's&"is3&*")r s&ll pr)mp"l rep&ired )r repl&*ed/

Te mi4i'( )per&"i)' s&ll e 'der "e *)'"r)l )3 & si"&l e4perie'*ed &'d &ppr)ved Spervis)r/Te see'*e )3 3illi'( & mi4er >i" "e *)'*re"e i'(redie'"s s&ll e si'( "e mi4er *&r(i'( )per&"i)'s/ Te&'"i" )3 "e mi4ed m&"eri&l per &"* s&ll ')" e4*eed "e m&'3&*"rers r&"ed *&p&*i" )3 "emi4er/ N) i'(redie'"s s&ll e &dded >ile "e mi4er drm is s"&"i)'&r &'d e4*essive )vermi4i'(reiri'( "e &ddi"i)' )3 >&"er ") preserve "e reired *)'*re"e *)'sis"e'* s&ll ')" e permi""ed/A' &ppr)ved "imi'( devi*e s&ll e sed ") me&sre "e dr&"i)' )3 mi4i'( &'d e&* mi4er s&ll eeipped >i" &' &")m&"i* re*)rder s)>i'( "e 'mer )3 &"*es mi4ed/

Te speed )3 r&"&"i)' )3 "e mi4ers &'d "e mi4i'( "ime s&ll *)'3)rm ") "e m&'3&*"rersre*)mme'd&"i)'s ") e'sre &de&"e mi4i'( )3 *)'*re"e/

A3"er &' &"* )3 *)'*re"e &s ee' mi4ed ') >&"er s&ll e &dded ") "e mi4er '"il "e &"* &see' *)mple"el dis*&r(ed/

Te mi4er s&ll e *)mple"el emp"ied e3)re re*eivi'( "e m&"eri&ls 3)r & ssee'" &"* &'ds&ll e 2ep" *le&' &'d e >ell >&sed )" &3"er s")ppi'( >)r2 &" "e e'd )3 e&* *)'*re"i'( si3"/

Telep)'e )r r&di)="elep)'e *)mm'i*&"i)'s? >e' pr)vided 3)r i' "e S*edle )3 ;&'"i"ies? s&lle se" p e">ee' e&* *)'*re"i'( p)i'" &'d "e *)'*re"e mi4i'( pl&'"/ S* eipme'" s&ll em&de &v&il&le ") "e E'(i'eer &'d &' memers )3 is s"&33 *)''e*"ed >i" "e *)'*re"i'()per&"i)'s i' )rder "&" m&""ers re(&rdi'( "e &li" &'d &'"i" )3 "e *)'*re"e ei'( pr)d*edm& e se""led immedi&"el/

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$/ S,TTERING

$/1 C)'s"r*"i)'

.e3)re &' s""ers &re *)'s"r*"ed? "e "pe &'d desi(' )3 "e s""eri'( s&ll e smi""ed ") "e E'(i'eer3)r &ppr)v&l/ S""eri'( spp)r"s &'d s"&(i'( s&ll e )3 s33i*ie'" s"re'(" ") spp)r" "e l)&ds e4er"ed "e3res *)'*re"e &'d ") &' i'*ide'"&l *)'s"r*"i)' l)&ds "&" i" m& e si")" de3le*"i'( e)'d"e spe*i3ied ")ler&'*es &'d 3i'is reired 3)r "e p&r"i*l&r *)'*re"e sr3&*e/ Ade&"e pr)visi)' s&ll em&de i' "e desi(' )3 s""ers 3)r "e &ddi"i)'&l l)&ds imp)sed vir&"i)' )3 "e *)'*re"e/ Appr)v&l )3pr)p)s&ls 3)r s""eri'( s&ll )>ever i' ') >& relive "e C)'"r&*")r )3 is resp)'siili" ") e'sre "&" "es""ers *)'3)rm ") "e spe*i3ied reireme'"s/ All s""ers s&ll e desi('ed &**)rdi'( ") &**ep"ed me")ds&'d s&ll e *)'s"r*"ed >i" *l)se 3i""i'( i") i'' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r )rdered "e E'(i'eer/

)les? pipes )r )"er &ppr)ved me&'s )3 ev&*&"i'( "e &ir s&ll e pr)vided 3)r >ere "e s""eri'( 3)rms)ver&'(s/

Temp)r&r )pe'i'(s s&ll e pr)vided i' "e s""eri'( &" "e &ses )3 *)lm's &'d >&lls &s reired ")3&*ili"&"e *le&'i'( &'d i'spe*"i)' e3)re "e *)'*re"e is pl&*ed &'d ") 3&*ili"&"e pl&*i'( )3 "e *)'*re"e/ ,'less)"er>ise spe*i3ied )r &")rised "e E'(i'eer? ")p s""eri'( s&ll e pr)vided ") sr3&*es &vi'( sl)pess"eeper "&' 1 ver"i*&l ") # )ri)'"&l ") e'&le "e *)'*re"e ") e pr)perl *)mp&*"ed/ Tis reireme'" s&ll')" &ppl ") "e side sl)pes )3 *&'&l li'i'(s/ All s""eri'( s&ll e pr)vided >i" &'(le 3ille"s )r spl&s ")i'"er'&l &'d e4"er'&l *)r'ers >ere "e i'*lded &'(le is less "&' 1#5M 'less )"er>ise spe*i3ied )r dire*"ed "e E'(i'eer/

,pri(" s""eri'( spp)r"s m& e )l"ed ") previ)sl *&s" *)'*re"e pr)vided "e "pe )3 )l" is &ppr)ved "e E'(i'eer/ A3"er "e *)'*re"e &s ee' *le&'ed ") "e reired s"&'d&rd "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll >i"dr&> "e)l"s &'d se*rel s")p p "e )les >i" dr p&*2 &'d 3i'is "em )33 3ls >i" "e *)'*re"e sr3&*e &3"eri'spe*"i)' "e E'(i'eer/ O' rem)v&l )3 "e s""eri'( &ll >ire "ies >i* p&ss "r)( "e *)'*re"e s&ll e*" )33 &" le&s" 50 mm i'side "e *)'*re"e >ere "e 3&*e >ill e i' *)'"&*" >i" >&"er &'d &" le&s" #0 mmi'side "e *)'*re"e 3)r 3&*es ')" dire*"l i' *)'"&*" >i" >&"er &'d "e resl"i'( *&vi"ies s")pped p >i" drp&*2/ N) p&"*i'( )r 3illi'( p )3 )les s&ll )>ever e permi""ed e3)re "e *)'*re"e &s ee' i'spe*"ed "e E'(i'eer/

F)r deep memers "e ei(" )3 s""eri'( s&ll e s* &s ") permi" e&s pl&*i'(? >)r2i'( &'d *)mp&*"i'()3 "e *)'*re"e &'d s&ll e re(l&"ed "e pr&*"i*&l ei("s )3 li3" )r? &s s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r &s m&e spe*i3ied 3r)m "ime ") "ime? &'d "e *&p&*i" )3 "e mi4i'( pl&'" &v&il&le &s i" is esse'"i&l "&" e&*se*"i)' )3 *)'*re"e )'ded *)'s"r*"i)' )r e4p&'si)' ' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r &ppr)ved )3 i' >ri"i'(

"e E'(i'eer/

$/ S""eri'( sr3&*es

Te sr3&*es )3 s""eri'( "&" &re i' *)'"&*" >i" "e 3res *)'*re"e s&ll depe'd )' "e "pe )3 3i'isreired )' "e *)mple"e s"r*"re/ Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll e &" lier" ") se "imer s""ers i' lie )3 s"eels""ers? " 'der ') *ir*ms"&'*es >ill s"eel s""ers e &ll)>ed i3 "e "pe )3 sr3&*e 3i'is reired i' s*&s *&' )'l e )"&i'ed "e se )3 "imer s""ers/ De"&ils )3 "e s""eri'( sr3&*es reired ") (ive "emi'imm spe*i3ied 3i'ises &re (ive' i' s*l&se $/%/

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Te C)'"r&*")r >ill ')" e permi""ed ") &l"er "e "pe )3 s""er sr3&*e )' *)'*re"e >)r2 "&" >ill ')" e perm&'e'"l*)vered p >e' )'*e & p&r"i*l&r sr3&*e &s ee' i' se 3)r & p&r"i*l&r s"r*"r&l eleme'" )r 'i" 'less >ri""e'&")ri" &s ee' )"&i'ed 3r)m "e E'(i'eer/

$/# Sr3&*e ")ler&'*es &'d irre(l&ri"ies

Sr3&*e ")ler&'*es s&ll e "e limi"&"i)'s >i"i' >i* s"r*"res s&ll e *)'s"r*"ed i' sp&*e? i' rel&"i)' ") "eirp)si"i)'s &s s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s/

Sr3&*e irre(l&ri"ies m& e ei"er &rp" )r (r&d&l &'d s&ll e me&sred >i" respe*" ") & p)i'" )' "e sr3&*e? &" &pres*ried dis"&'*e 3r)m "e irre(l&ri"/ N) p)i'" )' & sr3&*e s&ll lie )"side "e &'d )3 ")ler&'*e/

Te sr3&*e ")ler&'*e &'d irre(l&ri"ies spe*i3ied s&ll e &*ieved >i")" &' &3"er "re&"me'" )3 "e sr3&*es? )"er"&' rem)v&l )3 irre(l&ri"ies &s spe*i3ied &'d >i* >ill ')" &33e*" "e sr3&*e 3i'is/ A' *)'*re"e >)r2 >i* d)es')" *)mpl >i" "e reireme'"s )3 "is s*l&se &3"er "e spe*i3ied permissile "re&"me'" )3 "e sr3&*es m& ere)r2 "&" m& &ve ee' *&s" )' ")p )3 "e de3e*"ive >)r2 >i"*)'*re"e *)'3)rmi'( ") "e spe*i3ied reireme'"s? &ll &" "e e4pe'se )3 "e C)'"r&*")r/ Te E'(i'eer m& )>everde*ide ") le&ve "e de3e*"ive >)r2 i' pl&*e " ") e4*lde "e >)le )r s* p)r"i)'s &s e m& deem 3i" 3r)m "eme&sreme'" 3)r p&me'" prp)ses/ Te s&me p)>ers )3 re)r2 >ill ves" i' "e E'(i'eer >i" re(&rd ")"e s"&'d&rd )3 "e sr3&*e 3i'ises )"&i'ed &s des*ried i' s*l&se $/%/

Te &""e'"i)' )3 "e C)'"r&*")r is 3r"erm)re dr&>' ") "e p&r"i*l&r 'e*essi" )3 &*ievi'( "e i(es" s"&'d&rd )3*)'*re"e &'d sr3&*e ")ler&'*e &'d irre(l&r"ies 3)r 3&*es "&" >ill e s&"er/S* sr3&*es >ill e re3erred ") &s spe*i&l dr&li* sr3&*es &'d "e *)'*re"e &li('me'" &'d eve''ess >ill e )3p&r&m)'" imp)r"&'*e/

.)" s""ered &'d 's""ered sr3&*es i' "e v&ri)s p)r"i)'s )3 "e 3i'ised W)r2s s&ll e si'(srel&"i'( ") spe*i3i* ")ler&'*e )r irre(l&ri"ies s&ll e *)'sidered &s sppleme'"&r ") )r spersedi'( "ese v&les/

Tpe )3 Sr3&*e Sr3&*e ")ler&'*es Arp" irre(l&ri"ies

mm mm

Spe*i&l dr&li* sr3&*es $ =

dr&li* sr3&*es i' "e immedi&"e vi*i'i" )3 s"eelli'i'(s? il"=i' (&"e? &'d v&lve p&r"s &'d se&li'( 3&*es

# =

Pe'dlm >ells? (&"e *&mers &'d >ells? (&"e &'dv&lve &'d m)")r )ses? i'"&2e s"r*"res? "r&sr&*2s?>&lls )3 *)'*re"e reserv)irs? *)lm's? r))3 &'d 3l))rsl&s? m&')les e"*/

$ #

N)'=dr&li* sr3&*es )3 spill>& *"es &'d rid(epiers

1 $

Spill>& *res"s? piers &'d spli""ers &'d sr(e*&mers? dr&3" "es &'d dr&li* *)'di"s

$ #

+i'i'( )3 "''els? (&lleries? &di"s? &'d ')'=dr&li**)'di"s

1 $

,ps"re&m &'d d)>'s"re&m 3&*es )3 d&ms )r >eirs&'*)r )r "rs" l)*2s 3)r pipes? d)>'s"re&m &pr)'s?*&'&l li'i'(s

5 1

C)'s"r*"i)'? *)'"r&*"i)' &'d e4p&'si)'


17/38


Te sr3&*e ")ler&'*es i'di*&"ed i' "e &)ve "&le &re permissile )' ei"er side )3 "e p)si"i)'s s)>' )' "eDr&>i'(s pr)vided "&" ') dime'si)' is de*re&sed m)re "&' 5 3r)m "&" )' "e Dr&>i'(s/

Gr&d&l sr3&*e irre(l&ri"ies >ill e "es"ed *)mp&ris)' >i" & s"r&i(" )r &' &ppr)pri&"el *rved "empl&"e # ml)'(/ ,'less s)>' )"er>ise )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r 'less )"er>ise i's"r*"ed "e E'(i'eer? "e &li" )3s""eri'( s&ll e s* "&" (r&d&l irre(l&ri"ies d) ')" *&se p)i'"s )' "e sr3&*e ") lie 3r"er &>& 3r)m"e "empl&"e? >e' l&id i' "e &ppr)pri&"e p)si"i)'s )' "e *)'*re"e "&' "e permissile sr3&*e ")ler&'*e(ive' i' "e &)ve "&le/

O' spe*i&l dr&li* sr3&*es &'d dr&li* sr3&*es i' "e immedi&"e vi*i'i" )3 s"eel li'i'(s? il"=i' (&"e &'d v&lvep&r"s &'d se&li'( 3&*es &rp" irre(l&ri"ies s&ll e *)mple"el elimi'&"ed (ri'di'( )' & evel )3 1:0ei(" ") le'(" r&"i) >ere "e irre(l&ri"ies &re p&r&llel ") "e dire*"i)' )3 >&"er 3l)> &'d & evel )3 1:50 >e'"e irre(l&ri" is ')" p&r&llel ") "e dire*"i)' )3 >&"er 3l)>/

Arp" sr3&*e irre(l&ri" ies s&ll e me&sred &s "e rel&"ive displ&*eme'" ')rm&l ") "e sr3&*e )3 ">) p)i'"s )' "esr3&*e sp&*ed ')" m)re "&' 10 "imes "e permissile irre(l&ri" &p&r"/

Te smm&"i)' )3 &ll s* &rp" irre(l&ri"ies >i"i' & dis"&'*e )3 1 m i' &' dire*"i)' s&ll ')" e4*eed "e m&4immv&le permi""ed "e &)ve "&le/

$/% Sr3&*e 3i'ises

Te *l&sses )3 3i'is &'d "e reireme'"s 3)r 3i'isi'( )3 *)'*re"e sr3&*es s&ll e &s spe*i3ied i' "e s*l&se/ Te3i'is ") e (ive' ") "e v&ri)s sr3&*es s&ll e &s s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s &'d i' "e eve'" "&" "e 3i'ises&re ')" *le&rl spe*i3ied 3)r &ll sr3&*es "e 3i'is ") e sed s&ll e "&" spe*i3ied 3)r simil&r &di* &re spe*i3ied &s BFi'is S/1/BDis"i'*"i)' >ill e m&de e">ee' s""ered &'d 's""ered sr3&*es/

$/%/1 S""ered sr3&*es

Te *l&sses )3 3i'is 3)r s""ered *)'*re"e sr3&*es &re desi('&"ed S/1? S/? S/#? S/% &'d &re &s 3)ll)>s:

S/1 Tis s&ll e 3)r s""ered sr3&*es &(&i's" >i* *)'*re"e )r &*23ill >ill e pl&*ed/ Te sr3&*es>ill reire ') "re&"me'" &3"er 3)rm rem)v&l? e4*ep" rem)v&l &'d rep&ir )3 de3e*"ive *)'*re"e? 3illi'( )3"ie=r)d )les &'d "e spe*i3ied *ri'(/ F)rms m& e ei"er )3 "imer )r s"eel pr)vided "e d) ')"le&2 m)r"&r >e' "e 3)rms &re vir&"ed/

S/ Tis s&ll e 3)r sr3&*es ')" perm&'e'"l *)'*e&led &*23ill )r sr3&*es 3)r >i* )"er 3i'ises&re ')" spe*i3ied/ S""eri'( m& e ei"er )3 sm))" "imer )r s"eel/ Tese sr3&*es >ill ')" reire"e 3illi'( )3 pi"s )r s&*2 ri'( &'d ') (ri'di'( )"er "&' "&" 'eeded 3)r "e rep&irs )3 sr3&*eimper3e*"i)'s? " >ill reire "e rem)v&l &'d rep&ir )3 de3e*"ive *)'*re"e? 3illi'( )3 )l" )les &'d"e spe*i3ied *ri'(/

S/# Tis s&ll e 3)r s""ered sr3&*es )3 s"r*"res pr)mi'e'"l e4p)sed ") pli* vie> >ere&ppe&r&'*e is )3 spe*i&l imp)r"&'*e/ S""eri'( s&ll )'l e )3 &ppr)ved pl>))d? &ppr)ved*)mmer*i&l 3)rm)&rd )r sm))" ")'(e=&'d=(r))ve )&rds? e4*ep" "&" i' *er"&i' *&ses s* &s 3)r

pre*&s" 'i"s permissi)' m& e (r&'"ed ") se s"eel s""ers pr)vided "&" s33i*ie'" vir&"i)' issed/ A3"er de3e*"s &ve ee' rep&ired? &s des*ried i' *l&se 1? &ll rid(es? '&il m&r2s &'d )"erpr)i" *le&' essi&'? *)mple"el 3illi'( &ll pi"s &'d irre(l&ri"ies/ Te m)r"&r *)'sis"e'* s&ll e "&")3 "i*2 *re&m/ A" & s33i*ie'" i'"erv&l &3"er "e s&*2 ri'( ") preve'" sme&ri'(? "e3)re

17


18/38


"e m)r"&r &rde's? m)s" )3 "e e4*ess m)r"&r s&ll e rem)ved ri'( >i" *le&' essi&'/A3"er "e m)r"&r &s se" 3)r sever&l )rs? *ri'( s&ll e resmed &'d *)'"i'ed 3)r &" le&s" d&s/Te sr3&*e s&ll "e' e &ll)>ed ") e*)me sr3&*e dr &'d i' "is *)'di"i)' >ell s&'ded >i" N)/

s&'dp&per/

S/% Tis s&ll e 3)r s""ered spe*i&l dr&li* sr3&*es/ Te s""eri'( sed s&ll &ve &' &s)r"iveli'i'(? s) "&" "e *)'*re"e sill "&2e p e4*essive sr3&*e m)is"re 3r)m3res *)'*re"e? &'d s&ll e re&dil rem)v&le 3r)m "e *)'*re"e >i")" d&m&(e ") "e sr3&*e/.e3)re *)'*re"i'( *)mme'*es "e li'i'( s&ll e dr &'d 3ree 3r)m )il &'d ') se*"i)' )3 "e li'i'(s&ll e sed m)re "&' )'*e/ Te s"""eri'( ei'd "e li'i'( s&ll e sm))" &'d eve' ") e'sre"&" "e 3i'ised *)'*re"e sr3&*es is 3ree 3r)m lemises )r )"er de3e*"s/ Pri)r ") "e pl&*i'( i' "eW)r2s )3 *)'*re"e >i" & S/% 3i'is? "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll per3)rm? &" is )>' e4pe'se? "ri&ls )3 "eli'i'( &'d s""eri'( e pr)p)ses ") se '"il "e sr3&*e pr)d*ed is ") "e &ppr)v&l )3 "e E'(i'eer/Te 3i'is s&ll e )3 s* s"&'d&rd "&" ') sr3&*e "re&"me'" is reired &3"er 3)rm rem)v&l? e4*ep"3)r "e rem)v&l )3 &rp" irre(l&ri"ies &s des*ried i' s*l&se $/# &'d "e spe*i3ied *ri'(/

$/%/ ,'s""ered sr3&*es

,'s""ered sr3&*es s* &s 3l))rs? ")p sr3&*es )3 r))3 sl&s? r)&ds? spill>& *res"s? e"*/ s&ll epr)perl &'d sm))"l 3i'ised >i")" &' pl&s"er )r )"er *)&"i'( ei'( &pplied &3"er "e >)r2 is*)mple"ed/ Te *l&sses )3 3i'is 3)r 's&""ered *)'*re"e &re desi('&"ed ,1? , &'d ,#/Sr3&*es s&ll e sl)ped 3)r dr&i'&(e >ere s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r &s dire*"ed/ Sr3&*es "&" >ille e4p)sed ") "e >e&"er &'d >i* >)ld ')rm&ll e level s&ll e sl)ped 3)r dr&i'&(e/ ,'less"e se )3 )"er sl)pes )3 level sr3&*es is i'di*&"ed )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r dire*"ed "e E'(i'eer?'&rr)> sr3&*es s* &s "e ")ps )3 >&lls &'d *rs s&ll e sl)ped # &*r)ss "e >id"J >idersr3&*es s* &s >&l2s? r)&d>&s? pl&"3)rms &'d de*2s s&ll e sl)ped &*r)ss "e >id"/ Te*l&sses )3 3i'is &re &s 3)ll)>s:

,/1 Tis is & s*reeded 3i'is &'d s&ll &pplies ") 's""ered sr3&*es "&" >ill e *)vered &*23ill)r *)'*re"e 'less )"er>ise i'di*&"ed/ Tis 3i'is s&ll e sed &s & 3irs" s")p 3)r &ll )"er

's""ered sr3&*e 3i'ises/ Fi'isi'( )per&"i)'s s&ll *)'sis" )3 s33i*ie'" levelli'( &'d s*reedi'( ")pr)d*e &' eve'? 'i3)rm sr3&*e >i" "e ")ler&'*es des*ried i' s*l&se $/#/ C&re s&ll e"&2e' "&" &ll s*reed m&r2s &re p&r&llel &'d )3 ())d &ppe&r&'*e/

,/ Tis is & >))d 3l)&"ed 3i'is &'d &pplies ") 's""ered sr3&*es ')" perm&'e'"l *)'*e&led &*23ill )r *)'*re"e )r 3)r >i* & ,/1 3i'is is ')" spe*i3ied s* &s *)'*re"e 3l))rs? >&l2>&s e"*/Fl)&"i'( m& e per3)rmed "e se )3 &'d )r p)>er drive' eipme'" &'d s&ll e s"&r"ed &ss))' &s "e s*reeded sr3&*e &s s"i33e'ed s33i*ie'"l &'d s&ll e "e mi'imm 'e*ess&r ")pr)d*e & ')'=s2id sr3&*e 3ree 3r)m s*reed m&r2s &'d 'i3)rm i' "e4"re/ )i'"s &'d ed(es s&ll e"))led &'d e'"r&'*e sl&s &'d s"eps reeded &s reired/ I3 & ,/# 3i'is is ") e &pplied? 3l)&"i'( s&lle *)'"i'ed '"il & sm&ll &m)'" )3 m)r"&r >i")" e4*ess >&"er is r)(" ") "e sr3&*e s) &s ")permi" )3 e33e*"ive "r)>elli'(/

,/# Tis is & s"eel "r)>elled 3i'is &'d &pplies )'l ") sr3&*es 3)r >i* "is "pe )3 3i'is is i'di*&"ed )'"e Dr&>i'(s/ We' "e 3l)&"ed sr3&*e &s &rde'ed s33i*ie'"l ") preve'" &' e4*ess )3 3i'e

m&"eri&ls 3r)m ei'( dr&>' ") "e sr3&*e? s"eel "r)>elli'( s&ll e s"&r"ed &'d s&ll e d)'e >i" &3irm pressre s* &s >ill 3l&""e' "e s&'d "e4"re )3 "e 3l)&"ed sr3&*e &'d pr)d*e & *le&' 'i3)rmsr3&*e 3ree 3r)m lemises &'d "r)>el m&r2s/ O' ') &**)'" s&ll 'e&" *eme'" e &pplied ") "esr3&*e dri'( "r)>elli'(/ Were "is 3i'is is reired 3)r spe*i&l dr&li* sr3&*es e4"reme *&res&ll e "&2e' ") &v)id &' e4*ess )3 3i'e m&"eri&ls )r m)is"re )' "e sr3&*e &'d "e C)'"r&*")r s&llsmi" de"&ils )' is pr)p)sed me")d )3 s*reedi'( &'d 3i'isi'( 3)r &ppr)v&l "e E'(i'eer/

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$/5 Prep&r&"i)' )3 s""ers

All s""ers s&ll e ere*"ed s&re &'d "re ") li'e &'d level &'d &ll s&>ds" s&vi'(s &'d )"er 3)rei('m&""er s&ll e *&re3ll rem)ved 3r)m "e 3&*es )3 "e s""ers e3)re &' *)'*re"e is pl&*ed/ T) preve'"

*)'*re"e &deri'( ") "e s""eri'(? "e sr3&*e &(&i's" >i* *)'*re"e is ") e dep)si"ed s&ll re*eive & "i'*)&" )3 s""er )il )r )"er &ppr)ved m&"eri&l ')" li&le ") s"&i' "e *)'*re"e/ C&re s&ll e "&2e' ") 2eep &'rei'3)r*eme'" 3ree 3r)m s* m&"eri&l/

$/$ Rem)v&l )3 s""ers

We' "e *)'*re"e &s &rde'ed s33i*ie'"l s""eri'( s&ll e rem)ved *&re3ll >i")" s)*2 )rdis"r&'*e &'d i' s* & m&''er &s >ill ')" i'i* s&ll el&pse e">ee' "e *)mple"i)')3 "e *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)'s &'d "e rem)v&l )3 "e s""eri'( 3)r "e v&ri)s p&r"s )3 s"r*"res &re (ive' i'"e 3)ll)>i'( "&le? " "is s&ll ')" relive "e C)'"r&*")r )3 is resp)'siili" ") del& rem)v&l )3 "es""eri'( '"il "e *)'*re"e &s (&i'ed s33i*ie'" s"re'("? &'d "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll e eld resp)'sile 3)r&'d s&ll m&2e ())d &" is )>' *)s" &ll i'ever e rem)ved >i"i' 7 d&s &3"er *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)'s") &ll)> rep&irs >ere 'e*ess&r ") e per3)rmed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" *l&se 1/

7/ FI6ING REINFORCING

7/1 .e'di'(

Rei'3)r*i'( &rs s&ll e e'" i' s* & m&''er "&"? 'less )"er>ise spe*i3ied? &ll ))2s &'d e'ds s&ll ei' "e s&me pl&'e? 'less )" e'di'( is spe*i3i*&ll &")rised? &ll &rs s&ll e e'" *)ld/ .e'di'( s&ll ed)'e sl)>l? si'( & s"e&d eve' pressre &'d &v)idi'( &' i'(s &'d i' &**)rd&'*e >i" "e reireme'"s )3 SA.S 8/ .&rs )3 %0 mm i'

di&me"er )r (re&"er m& e e'" &" & *err red e&" pr)vided "&" &rs s) e&"ed s&ll ')" e *))led 3r)m"is "emper&"re >&"er )r )"er liid/

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20/38


7/ P)si"i)'i'(

,'less )"er>ise s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r dire*"ed "e E'(i'eer? me&sreme'"s m&de i' p)si"i)'i'( "e

rei'3)r*eme'" s&ll e ") "e *e'"re li'es )3 &rs? >ires )r *&les/ I' *&se "e e4&*" p)si"i)'? sie &'d s&pe)3 rei'3)r*eme'" is ')" s)>' )' "e Dr&>i'(s 3)r &ll &rs )r *&les "e s&ll e i' &ll respe*"s &s spe*i3ied "e E'(i'eer &'d >ere 'e*ess&r "e C)'"r&*")r >il e spplied >i" sppleme'"&r de"&il Dr&>i'(s )rlis"s >i* >ill (ive "e i'3)rm&"i)' 'e*ess&r 3)r *""i'(? e'di'( &'d pl&*i'( )3 "e rei'3)r*i'( &rs )rpres"ressi'( *&les/

Rei'3)r*i'( &rs &'d *&le d*"s s&ll e &**r&"el pl&*ed &'d se*red i' p)si"i)' s) "&" "e >ill ')" edispl&*ed dri'( *)'*re"e pl&*i'( &'d spe*i&l *&re s&ll e "&2e' ") preve'" dis"r&'*e )3 rei'3)r*i'( &rs&'d *&le d*"s i' 3resl pl&*ed *)'*re"e/ Rei'3)r*i'( &rs &'d *&le d*"s s&ll e se*red "i'( >i"1?$ mm )r 1?5 mm di&me"er &''e&led s)3" ir)' >ire? "e se )3 si"&le *lips )r sp)">eldi'( &"i'"erse*"i)'s &'d s&ll e &li('ed &'d spp)r"ed &(&i's" displ&*eme'" me&'s )3 me"&l &'(ers &'d me"&l?*)'*re"e )r m)r"&r *&irs &'d sp&*ers pr)vided "&" ') me"&l *&irs )r sp&*ers s&ll e pl&*ed i' *)'"&*" >i""e 3)rms >ere i' "e )pi'i)' )3 "e E'(i'eer "ere is &' li2el))d )3 *)rr)si)'/ I' &ddi"i)' s"eelrei'3)r*i'( &rs )r *&le d*"s s&ll ')" e pl&*ed *l)ser "&' 50 mm 3r)m &' *)pper >&"ers")ps? &lmi'imi'ser"s )r &' ')'=3err)s me"&l prese'" i' "e *)'*re"e i' )rder ") preve'" ele*"r)l"i* *)rr)si)'/ Weldi'( )3rei'3)r*i'( &rs s&ll )'l e permi""ed i3? i' "e *&se )3 >eldi'( )"er "&' sp)" >eldi'( &" i'"erse*"i)'s? "es"re'(" )3 "e &rs &3"er >eldi'( *&' e s)>' "es" ") "e s&"is3&*"i)' )3 "e E'(i'eer ") e ')" less "&'"e s"re'(" )' >i* desi(' is &sed/

Te m&4imm &ll)>&le ")ler&'*es 3)r pl&*i'( rei'3)r*i'( s"eel "e'd)'s )r *&le d*"s s&ll e "e 3)ll)>i'(:

& Te v&ri&"i)' 3r)m "e i'di*&"ed sp&*i'( e">ee' &di'(s )r&ppr)ved "e E'(i'eer/ S* spli*es s&ll pr)vide s33i*ie'" l&p ") "r&'s3er "e s"ress e">ee'&rs )'d &'d seer/

Spli*es i' *)lm' rei'3)r*eme'" s&ll e permi""ed )'l i' re(i)'s >ere l&"er&l spp)r" is &33)rded/

Spli*es i' ))p rei'3)r*eme'" )3 *ir*l&r reserv)ir >&lls s&ll e s"&((ered &r)'d "e perime"er s)"&" ')" m)re "&' )'e &r i' &' 3)r &dere )33se"? "e sl)pe )3 "e i'*li'ed p)r"i)' s&ll e s* "&""e le'(" )3 "e *r&'2 is &" le&s" 1 "imes "e )33se" me&sred 3r)m "e )"side 3&*es )3 "e &r/

E4p)sed rei'3)r*eme'" i'"e'ded 3)r )'di'( >i" 3"re e4"e'si)'s s&ll e &de&"el pr)"e*"ed

3r)m *)rr)si)'/

,'less )"er>ise i'di*&"ed )' "e Dr&>i'(s? "e mi'imm *)'*re"e *)ver? me&sred ") "e )"side3&*e )3 &' rei'3)r*i'( &r )r *&le d*"? s&ll e &s i'di*&"ed i' T&le 7//

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T&le 7/

-i'imm )ver&ll *)ver )3 *)'*re"e ") rei'3)r*eme'" &rs &'d *&le d*"s

Tpe )3 C)'s"r*"i)' -i'imm *)ver e4*lsive )3 pl&s"er )r 3i'ises d.&r )r d*"di&me"er

1/ Ried 3l))rs &'d r))3s )3 )ll)> "ile *)'s"r*"i)' 0 mm )r d )ver &ll &rs )r d*"s

/ Sl&s &'d >&lls:& N)rm&l E4p)sed ") &r&si)' )3 >&"er* Sl&s l&id )' (r)'d e4"er'&l >&lls

0 mm%0 mm )ver &ll &rs )r d*"s50 mm

#/ -&i' &rs i':& C)lm's .e&ms: e'd *)ver e)'d ))2s

* .e&ms: &" sr3&*es e4p)sed ") &r&si)' )r >&"er pressre )r e4"eri)r sr3&*es

%0 mm5 mm

%0 mm )ver &ll &rs )r d*"s

%/ Piles 50 mm

5/ All >)r2 i' se& >&"er 50 mm )ver &ll &rs )r d*"s

$/ Sr3&*e i' *)'"&*" >i" &*23illi'( )r "e (r)'d i' "e *&se )33))"i'(

50 mm )ver &ll &rs )r d*"s

8/ CONCRETE

C)'*re"e pl&*ed i' "e W)r2s s&ll e & )m)(e'e)s mi4"re )3 *)&rse &((re(&"e? 3i'e &((re(&"e? >&"er &'d

ei"er Ordi'&r P)r"l&'d Ceme'" )r R&pid &rde'i'( P)r"l&'d Ceme'"? &ll *)'3)rmi'( ") "e relev&'" Cl&sesi' "is Spe*i3i*&"i)'/ I' &ddi"i)' "e E'(i'eer m& &")rise "e se )3 l&s"3r'&*e *eme'" )r *eme'"s*)'"&i'i'( sl&( &ddi"ives &'d m& &")rise )r i's"r*" "e i'*)rp)r&"i)' )3 &ppr)ved *emi*&l &ddi"ves/

8/1 C)'*re"e *l&sses

C)'*re"e pl&*ed i' "e W)r2s >ill e divided i'") & 'mer )3 *l&sses? &**)rdi'( ") "e desi(' s"re'("?m&4imm &((re(&"e sie? mi'imm >)r2&ili" &'d m&4imm >&"er!*eme'" W!C r&"i)/

Te *&r&*"eris"i*s )3 "e mi4es s&ll e &s *)'"&i'ed i' T&le 8/1/

Te "&r(e" 8 d&s *)mpressive s"re'(" is ") e (re&"er "&' "e spe*i3ied mi'imm *&r&*"eris"i* s"re'(" &" le&s" "e *rre'" m&r(i' CP 110 p(/ 101 BTe *rre'" m&r(i' 3)r e&* p&r"i*l&r "pe )3 *)'*re"e mi4s)ld e de"ermi'edB i" m& e "&2e' &s &vi'( "e sm&ller )3 "e v&les (ive' 1 )r /

1 1/$% "imes "e s"&'d&rd devi&"i)' )3 *e "es"s )' &" le&s" 100 sep&r&"e &"*es )3 *)'*re"e )3')mi'&ll simil&r pr)p)r"i)'s )3 simil&r m&"eri&ls &'d pr)d*ed )ver & peri)d ')" e4*eedi'( 1m)'"s "e s&me pl&'" 'der simil&r spervisi)'? " ')" less "&' 1!$ )3 "e *&r&*"eris"i*s"re'(" 3)r *)'*re"e )3 (r&de 7?10 )r 15? )r #/75 N!mm 3)r *)'*re"e )3 (r&de 0 )r &)ve/

1/$% "imes "e s"&'d&rd devi&"i)' )3 *e "es"s )' &" le&s" %0 sep&r&"e &"*es )3 *)'*re"e )3')mi'&ll simil&r pr)p)r"i)'s )3 simil&r m&"eri&ls &'d pr)d*ed )ver & peri)d e4*eedi'( 5 d&s "')" e4*eedi'( $ m)'"s "e s&me pl&'" 'der simil&r spervisi)'? " ')" less "&' 1!# )3 "e*&r&*"eris"i* s"re'(" 3)r *)'*re"e )3 (r&de 7?10 )r 15? )r 7?5 N!mm 3)r *)'*re"e )3 (r&de 0 )r&)ve/

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Were "ere &re i's33i*ie'" d&"& ") s&"is3 1 )r &)ve? "e m&r(i' 3)r "e i'i"i&l mi4 desi(' s)ld e"&2e' &s ">)="irds )3 "e *&r&*"eris"i* s"re'(" 3)r *)'*re"e )3 (r&de 7? 10 )r 15? )r 15 N!mm 3)r *)'*re"e)3 (r&de 0 )r &)ve/ Tis m&r(i' s)ld e sed &s "e *rre'" m&r(i' )'l '"il s33i*ie'" d&"& &re &v&il&le

") s&"is3 1 )r &)ve/ )>ever? >e' "e reired *&r&*"eris"i* s"re'(" &ppr)&*es "e m&4immp)ssile s"re'(" )3 *)'*re"e m&de >i" & p&r"i*l&r &((re(&"e? & sm&ller m&r(i' " ')" less "&' 7/5 N!mmm& &ve ") e permi""ed 3)r "e i'i"i&l mi4 desi('B/

A s"&'d&rd devi&"i)' )3 5?$ -P& is *)'sidered &s &ver&(e &li" *)'"r)l/ Te "&r(e" &ver&(e s"re'(" "sserves )'l &s & (ide ") "e C)'"r&*")r &'d i3 e *&' impr)ve is &li" *)'"r)l e *&' red*e "is "&r(e"&ver&(e s"re'(" pr)vided "&" "e reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/8 &'d 8/9 &re me"/ O' "e )"er &'d i3 "e*)'"r)l is p))rer "&' s"&"ed? & i(er &ver&(e s"re'(" >ill &ve ") e &imed 3)r/

Te C)'"r&*")rs &""e'"i)' is dr&>' ") "e impli*&"i)' )3 "is me")d )3 spe*i3i*&"i)' vi/ "&" "e *eme'"reireme'"s? &'d *)'see'"l "e *)s"s? *&' e red*ed >i" &ll e'e3i"s &**ri'( "e C)'"r&*")r/

,'"il s* "ime &s &' &**r&"e me&sre )3 "e s"&'d&rd devi&"i)' &'d "e rel&"i)' e">ee' >)r2s *e &'dl&)r&")r *e s"re'("s is )"&i'ed? "e C)'"r&*")r is &dvised ") &im 3)r & sli("l e""er *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e"&' "&" spe*i3ied i' ")se p)r"i)'s )3 "e W)r2s >ere *)'*re"e is 3irs" *&s"/ Tis >ill s&3e(&rd &(&i's"p)ssile 3&ilres &'d res:

& 75 mm -/S/A/ = &" le&s" #0 per *e'" )3 "e ")"&l &((re(&"e i' "e mi4 ms" e re"&i'ed )' "e%0?0 mm sieve/

%0 mm -/S/A/ = &" le&s" #0 per *e'" )3 "e ")"&l &((re(&"e i' "e mi4 ms" e re"&i'ed )' 0mm sieve/

* 0 mm -/S/A/ = &" le&s" #0 per *e'" )3 "e ")"&l &((re(&"e i' "e mi4 ms" e re"&i'ed )' "e10 mm sieve/

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8/ W)r2&ili" )3 *)'*re"e

Te >)r2&ili" )3 "e *)'*re"e s&ll e des*ried i' "erms )3 "e C)mp&*"i'( F&*")r >i* s&ll e

de"ermi'ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" ./S/ 1881 si'( "e sm&ll &pp&r&"s/ Te *)'*re"e mi4 pr)p)r"i)'s sed s&lli' &ll *&ses e s* "&" "e C)mp&*"i'( F&*")r is i(er "&' "e v&les (ive' i' "e T&le 8/1 )3 "isSpe*i3i*&"i)'/ I' &ddi"i)' "e *)'*re"e s&ll e )3 s* *)'sis"e'* &'d *)mp)si"i)' "&" i" *&' e re&dil>)r2ed i'") "e *)r'ers )3 3)rms &'d &r)'d rei'3)r*eme'" >i")" se(re(&"i)' )r leedi'(? si'( s**)mp&*"i)' me")ds &s spe*i3ied i' s*l&se 10/

We'ever? i' "e )pi'i)' )3 "e E'(i'eer? "e *)'sis"e'* )3 "e *)'*re"e is s* "&" e4*essive leedi'( )rse(r&"i)' )**rs i' "e *)'*re"e? e s&ll &ve "e p)>er ") )rder "e C)'"r&*")r ") per3)rm "ri&l mi4es i')rder ") de"ermi'e "e 'e> mi4 pr)p)r"i)'s s* "&" e4*essive leedi'( )r se(re(&"i)' d)es ')" )**r/ Terel&"ive r&"e )3 leedi'( s&ll e d"ermi'ed "e B-e")d )3 Tes" 3)r .leedi'( )3 C)'*re"eB i' &**)rd&'*e>i" "e pr)visi)'s )3 Desi('&"i)' 5 )3 "e Seve'" Edi"i)' )3 "e C)'*re"e -&'&l )3 "e ,/S/ .re& )3Re*l&m&"i)'/ Te *)s" )3 "e "ri&l mi4es &'d &' *&'(e i' mi4 pr)p)r"i)'s s&ll e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/I' &ddi"i)' "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll e'sre "&" >e'ever & *)'*re"e is ") re*eive & s*reeded 3i'is &(&i's" &sl)pe? s* &s 3)r *&s"=i'=si" *&'&l li'i'(s "e *)esi)' &'d s"i33'ess is &de&"e ") &ll)> 3)r e&se )3pl&*eme'" &" "e reired sl)pe/

8/# De"ermi'&"i)' )3 pr)p)r"i)'s

Te pr)p)r"i)'s )3 Ordi'&r P)r"l&'d Ceme'"? R&pid &rde'i'( P)r"l&'d Ceme'"? *)&rse &'d 3i'e &((re(&"es&'d >&"er 'e*ess&r ") pr)d*e "e *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e spe*i3ied i' s*l&se 8/1 s&ll e de"ermi'ed l&)r&")r "es"s *)'d*"ed "e C)'"r&*")r )3 *)'*re"e m&de >i" "e i'(redie'"s ") e sed )' "e >)r2s/

.e3)re s"&r"i'( &' *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)' "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll smi" is pr)p)s&l 3)r "e mi4 pr)p)r"i)'s 3)re&* *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e ")(e"er >i" & rep)r" 3r)m &' &ppr)ved "es"i'( l&)r&")r s)>i'( 3)r &" le&s" #di33ere'" >&"er *)'"e'"s "e 7 d&? 8 d& *)'*re"e s"re'(" )"&i'ed/ Te s"re'(" de"ermi'&"i)' s&ll e&sed )' ')" less "&' # "es" *es 3r)m "e s&me &"* 3)r e&* &(e (r)p &'d e&* >&"er *)'"e'"/

Te *es s&ll e m&de &'d "es"ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" SA.S -e")d 8$#/ Were "e m&4imm ')mi'&lsie )3 &((re(&"e i' "e *)'*re"e is (re&"er "&' %0 mm &'d >ere "e spe*i3ied mi'imm s"re'(" is %?5

-P& )r m)re? *es )3 #00 mm sie s&ll e sed? &'d &ll &((re(&"e re"&i'ed )' & 75 mm s*ree' s&ll erem)ved e3)re "e *)'*re"e is pl&*ed i' "e m)lds/ I' &ddi"i)' "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll *&s" &' e&l 'mer )3150 mm *es i' )rder ") )"&i' "e rel&"i)'sip e">ee' "e 8 d& s"re'("s >e' si'( ">) di33ere'" sies)3 m)ld/ F)r *)'*re"e &vi'( & %0 mm m&4imm ')mi'&l sie )3 &((re(&"e )r less? )'l 150 mm *ess&ll e sed/

Te r&"i) e">ee' "e 7 d& &'d 8 d& s"re'("s )"&i'ed "e prelimi'&r "es"s m& e sed ") predi*" "e8 d& s"re'(" )3 "e >)r2s *es 3r)m >)r2s *es "es"ed &" 7 d&s " s)ld e m)di3ied &s m)re resl"s)3 >)r2s *e "es"s e*)me &v&il&le/

8/% C&'(es i' pr)p)r"i)'s )r m&"eri&ls )rdered "e E'(i'eer

Te E'(i'eer s&ll &" &' "ime &ve "e ri(" ") "es" *)'*re"e m&de 3r)m "e m&"eri&l? &'d &**)rdi'( ") "emi4 pr)p)r"i)'s pr)p)sed "e C)'"r&*")r/ I3 "ese )r "e C)'"r&*")rs )>' "es"s )' >)r2s *es s)> "&""e reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/9 &re ')" ei'( me"? "e E'(i'eer m& )rder s* *&'(es i' m&"eri&ls )r

pr)p)r"i)'s &s m& e 'e*ess&r i' is )pi'i)' i' )rder ") mee" "ese reireme'"s/ Tese *&'(es s&ll em&de &" "e C)'"r&*")rs e4pe'se? &'d ') e4"r& p&me'" >ill e m&de 3)r s* *&'(es/

Tese "es"s m& e >i"'essed "e C)'"r&*")r s)ld e s) desire? &'d "e resl"s )3 "ese "es"s >ill em&de &v&il&le ") "e C)'"r&*")r )' &ppli*&"i)'/

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8/5 C&'(es i' pr)p)r"i)'s )r m&"eri&ls rees"ed "e C)'"r&*")r

I3 &" &' "ime "e C)'"r&*")r desires ") se )"er m&"eri&ls )r pr)ppr"i)'s "&' ")se )ri(i'&ll smi""ed 3)r

&ppr)v&l e s&ll pr)vide evide'*e ") "e s&"is3&*"i)' )3 "e E'(i'eer "&" s* *&'(es >ill pr)d*e *)'*re"emee"i'( "e reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/9 &'d >ill ')" *&se )i"'ess s&mpli'( pr)*edres? m&2i'( &'d *ri'( )3 *es &'d &' )r &ll "es"s/Ces s&ll e "es"ed ") de"ermi'e "e *)mpressive s"re'(" )3 "e *)'*re"e &" 7 d&s &'d 8 d&s &'d "eresl"s s&ll e m&de &v&il&le ") "e E'(i'eer &s s))' &s resl"s &re &v&il&le/

I3 "e *)mpressive s"re'("s )3 7 d& )ld *es i'di*&"e "&" "e 8 d& *e s"re'("s m& ')" s&"is3 "emi'imm reireme'"s )3 s"re'(" &'d de(ree )3 &li" *)'"r)l? "e *)'"r&*")r >ill e &ll)>ed ") rem)ve "e*)'*re"e *)'*er'ed &" is )>' e4pe'se )r sspe'd >)r2 )' "e p&r"i*l&r se*"i)'? s' ris2 '"il &*"&l 8 d& s"re'("s )3 *es )3 "e s&me &"* &re2')>'/

Te s"re'(" )3 *)'*re"e 3r)m ever i'divid&l *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)' s&ll e "es"ed/ Te E'(i'eer m& i's"r*""e s"re'(" )3 &' &"* )3 *)'*re"e dri'( & *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)' ") e "es"ed re(&rdless )3 >e"er *es )3&')"er &"* i' "e s&me )per&"i)' &ve &lre&d ee' m&de )r ')"/ C)'*re"e s&mples s&ll e "&2e' &" "e'e&res" pr&*"i*&le p)i'" pri)r ") 3i'&l pl&*i'(/ Te >)r2&ili" )3 "e *)'*re"e >ill e "es"ed i' &**)rd&'*e

>i" ./S 1881 &" di33ere'" i'"erv&ls dri'( & *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)' ") e'sre "&" "e reireme'"s )3 s*l&se8/ &re ei'( *)mplied >i"/

8/8 ;&li" *)'"r)l reireme'"s

All *)mpressive s"re'(" resl"s s&ll e "&2e' &s "e &ver&(e s"re'(" # *es m&de 3r)m &' )'e "es"s&mple )3 *)'*re"e/

F)r &' )'e *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e "e 'i3)rmi" )3 &li" )3 *)'*re"e pl&*ed s&ll e s* "&" "e s"&'d&rddevi&"i)' )3 "e 8 d& s"re'("s )3 "e 150 mm *es d)es ')" e4*eed 5?$ -P&/

T) e'sre "&" "e &)ve reireme'"s &re *)mplied >i"? "e E'(i'eer s&ll e4&mi'e "e *)mpressives"re'(" resl"s )3 &' 10 *)'se*"ive "es" resl"s 3)r "e s&me *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e/ F)r "ese 10 *)'se*"ive"es" resl"s "e r&'(e )3 *)mpressive s"re'(" )3 ever *)'se*"ive resl"s >ill e de"ermi'ed &'d "e me&')3 "e 9 r&'(es 3)'d/ Fr)m "is me&' r&'(e "e s"&'d&rd devi&"i)' >ill e es"im&"ed 3r)m "e 3)ll)>i'(

rel&"i)'sip:

S"&'d&rd devi&"i)' 0?88$ 4 me&' r&'(e

I3 "e C)'"r&*")r is '&le ") *)'3)rm >i" "e mi'imm reireme'"s e s&ll *e&se &ll *)'*re"i'( )per&"i)'s&'d revise is >)le me")d )3 *)'*re"e &li" *)'"r)l i' )rder ") *)'3)rm ") "e mi'imm reireme'"s )3"is s*l&se/

I' &ddi"i)' ") "e &)ve reireme'"s? "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll e resp)'sile 3)r e'sri'( "&" "e )p"imm>)r2&ili"? de'si"? imperme&ili"? &'d dr&ili" 3)r "e l&)r&")r "es"ed mi4 desi(' is m&i'"&i'ed 3)r e&**l&ss )3 *)'*re"e pl&*ed i' "e W)r2s/

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8/9 S"re'(" reireme'"s

Tese reireme'"s s&ll e deemed ") e &ddi"i)'&l ") "e reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/1/ Fr)m "e

s"&'d&rd devi&"i)' *&l*l&"ed i' &**)rd&'*e >i" "e reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/8 &'d "e &ver&(e s"re'("&" 8 d&s "e s"&"is"i*&l s"re'(" el)> >i* ?5 )3 *)'*re"e )3 "e s&me *l&ss *&s" i' "e W)r2s >ill 3&ll>ill e *&l*l&"ed/ I3 "is s"re'(" is l)>er "&' "e &ppli*&le spe*i3ied mi'imm s"re'(" i'di*&"ed i's*l&se 8/1 "e C)'"r&*")r m& e reired ") m&2e &ppr)ved &l"er&"i)'s ") "e mi4 pr)p)r"i)'s i' )rder ")e'sre "&" "e ?5 *&l*l&"ed s"re'(" is &" le&s" ") "e spe*i3ied mi'imm s"re'("/ I' "e eve'" )3 "e*&l*l&"ed ?5 s"re'(" ei'( i' e4*ess )3 "e desi(' s"re'(" "e C)'"r&*")r >ill e &ll)>ed? si'( T&le:

N)/ )3 *)'se*"ive "es"s )' &')'e *l&ss )3 *)'*re"e

-e&' )3 *)'se*"ive "es"s &s per*e'"&(e)3 mi'imm s"re'(" spe*i3ied i'

s*l&se 8/1

1 87 95# 100

F)r e&* "es" "e 8 d& s"re'(" s&ll e *&l*l&"ed &s "e me&' )3 &" le&s" # "es" *es "&2e' 3r)m "e s&me&"* )3 *)'*re"e/

O'e s"re'(" resl" s&ll e deemed ") represe'" )'l "e *)'*re"e *&s" dri'( "e p&r"i*l&r *)'*re"i'( si3">e' "e s&mple >&s "&2e'/ I' "e eve'" )3 m)re "&' )'e s&mple ei'( "&2e' dri'( & p&r"i*l&r *)'*re"i'(si3"? "e E'(i'eer s&ll de*ide >i* *)'*re"e pl&*ed i' "e W)r2s is represe'"ed e&* s"re'(" resl"/

8/10 Remedies p)' 3&ilre )3 *)'*re"e

C)'*re"e )3 & p&r"i*l&r *l&ss s&ll e deemed ") &ve 3&iled ") mee" "e spe*i3ied reireme'"s i3 )'e )r m)re)3 "e 3)ll)>i'( &re ')" me":

& Te ;&li" C)'"r)l Reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/8/ Te S"re'(" Reireme'"s )3 s*l&se8/9/

* Te W)r2&ili" Reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8//

d Te -&4imm W&"er!Ceme'" r&"i) reireme'"s )3 s*l&se 8/1/

e Te Cri'( Reireme'"s )3 *l&se 11/

S)ld "e resl"s )3 s"re'(" &'d >)r2&ili" "es"s )' spe*ime's i'di*&"e "&" "e *)'*re"e &s 3&iled ") mee""e spe*i3ied reireme'"s "e E'(i'eer s&ll &ve "e ri(" ") )rder &' )3 "e 3)ll)>i'( depe'di'( )' "el)*&"i)' &'d imp)r"&'*e )3 "e *)'*re"e i' es"i)':

i C&'(es i' m&"eri&ls )r p)rp)r"i)'s? "e *)s" )3 s* *&'(es >i* s&ll e )r'e "eC)'"r&*")r? ") &ppl '"il s* "ime &s "e C)'"r&*")r pr)d*es *)'*re"e )3 & *)'sis"e'"l &**ep"&le&li"/

ii E4"e'si)'s )3 "e *ri'( peri)ds spe*i3ied i' *l&se 11 '"il s* "ime &s *)res drilled 3r)m "ep)r"i)'s )3 "e s"r*"re represe'"ed "e p&r"i*l&r "es" *es s&ll s)> "&" "e *)'*re"e i' ")sep)r"i)'s &s s&"is3ied "e s"re'(" reireme'"s? pr)vided "&" i' ') *&se s&ll "e *)res e drilled)" m)re "&' 5$ d&s &3"er *&s"i'( )3 "e *)'*re"e *)'*er'ed/ Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll rep&ir &'d m&2e())d &" is )>' e4pe'se "e p)r"i)'s )3 s"r*"res 3r)m >i* *)res &ve ee' "&2e'/ I" s&ll &ls)e &**ep"ed "&" "e *li'der s"re'(" )3 *)'*re"e is e&l ") 90 )3 "e *e s"re'(" >ere "e*li'der di&me"er e&ls "e le'(" )3 "e side )3 "e *e/ All &ddi"i)'&l *)s"s de ") e4"e'ded*ri'( peri)ds &'d drilli'( &'d "es"i'( )3 *)res s&ll e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/

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iii I' "e eve'" )3 "e resl"s )3 "es"s )' *)res &s spe*i3ied i' ii &)ve i'di*&"e "&" despi"e "e&ddi"i)'&l *ri'(? "e *)'*re"e &s ')" s&"is3ied "e spe*i3ied s"re'(" reireme'"s "e E'(i'eers&ll &ve "e ri(" ") reire 3ll s*&le l)&d "es"s )' "e p)r"i)'s )3 "e s"r*"res represe'"ed "e

"es" *es/ Te "es" s&ll e )3 s* & '&"re &'d dr&"i)' &'d "e e&vi)r )3 "e s"r*"re 'derl)&d s&ll e s* &s ") s&"is3 "e E'(i'eer "&" "e desi(' l)&ds *&' e *&rried >i" & l)&d 3&*")r )3 &'d >i")" 'de *r&*2i'( )r l&r(e de3le*"i)'s )3 "e memers 'der >)r2i'( l)&ds/ Were l)&d"es"s &re impr&*"i*&le )r >ere "e p)r"i)'s )3 "e s"r*"re s&"er>i")" "e >ri""e' &")ri" )3 "e E'(i'eer &'d "e me")d )3 pl&*i'( s&ll &ls) e s&"er? "e s&ll&3"er>&rds e (r)"ed p &'d "e *)s" )3 s* pipel&i'( &'d (r)"i'( s&ll e )r'e "e C)'"r&*")r/

All sr3&*es )3 s""ers &'d emedded p&r"s "&" &ve e*)me e'*rs"ed >i" dried m)r"&r )r (r)" 3r)m*)'*re"e "&" &s previ)sl ee' pl&*ed? s&ll e *le&'ed )3 &ll s* m&"eri&ls e3)re "e srr)'di'( )r&di* *)'*re"e is ") epl&*ed s&ll e 3ree 3r)m s"&'di'( >&"er? md? l))se r)*2 &'d )"er deris/

Te sr3&*e )3 r)*2 )r r)*2 3)'d&"i)'s s&ll e ")r)(l r)(e'ed &'d *le&'ed >i" si"&le "))ls &'d>&sed d)>' >i" "e &id )3 & &"er &'d &ir mi4"re/ Te sr3&*es )3 &s)rp"ive3)'d&"i)'s &(&i's" >i* *)'*re"e is ") e pl&*ed s&ll e ")r)(l m)is"e'ed i' )rder "&" ') m)is"re isdr&>' 3r)m "e 3resl pl&*ed *)'*re"e/

Fissres &'d se&ms i' "e r)*2 s&ll e *le&'ed )" ") "e s&"is3&*"i)' )3 "e E'(i'eer &'d s&ll e s"emmed>i" *eme'" m)r"&r )3 &' &ppr)ved mi4/

,'less )"er>ise dire*"ed? m)r"&r s*reed &" le&s" #0 mm "i*2 s&ll e pl&*ed )' "e m)is" r)*2 sr3&*eimmedi&"el e3)re pl&*i'( "e *)'*re"e &'d &3"er "e r)*2 &s 3i'&ll ee' *le&'ed/ Te m)r"&r s&ll e*)mp)sed )3 s&'d &'d *eme'" i' "e s&me pr)p)r"i)'s &s >ill e sed 3)r "e *)'*re"e &'d s&ll e )3 &*)'sis"e'* s* &s >ill m&2e "e m)r"&r s33i*ie'"l pl&s"i* ") e e&sil pl&*ed )' "e irre(l&r r)*2 sr3&*es>i")" 'de sep&r&"i)' )r 3l)>i'(/ Te m)r"&r s&ll e eve'l spre&d &'d ")r)(l rsed i'") &ll r)*2*revi*es s) &s ") e'sre *)mple"e *)'"&*" e">ee' "e r)*2 &'d "e *)'*re"e/ A' m)r"&r >i* e*)mes dr

)r >i* s"&r"s ") se" e3)re ei'( *)vered >i" *)'*re"e s&ll e rem)ved &'d repl&*ed >i" 3res m)r"&r&3"er "e 3)'d&"i)'s &ve ee' *le&'ed/

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9/# C)'s"r*"i)' &'d *)'"r&*"i)' ' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r >ere &ppr)ved "e E'(i'eer/

We'ever &d' )' "e Dr&>i'(s/

C)'s"r*"i)' *)'"i'i" )3 rei'3)r*eme'" &*r)ss "e i* "e i'( pr)*edre s&ll e &dered ") i' )'di'( 3res ") )lder *)'*re"e &" & *)'s"r*"i)' ire=rsed ")r)(e' "e sr3&*e/ A i( pressre &"er &'d &ir m& e sed ") rem)ve l&i"&'*e i')rder ") e4p)se *le&' s)'d &((re(&"e )' )ri)'"&l &'d ver"i*&l 3&*es/ Cle&'i'( &'d r)(e'i'(s&ll ')" e *&rried )" >i"i' 0 mm )3 &' e4p)sed 3&*e )r )ver "e >id" )3 "e (ide s"rip/ C&res&ll e "&2e' ')" ") 'der*" "e ed(es )3 l&r(er p&r"i*les )3 &((re(&"e dri'( "e &)ve )per&"i)'s/

Immedi&"el e3)re *)'*re"i'( &ll l))se m&"eri&ls &'d!)r p))ls )3 >&"er s&ll e l)>' 3r)m "e*)'*re"e sr3&*es/

ii Were 3res *)'*re"e is ") e )'ded ") *)'*re"e >i* is m)re "&' 3)r )rs " less "&' "reed&s )ld:

I' "e *&se )3 )ri)'"&l i" & s"eel >ire rs )r s&'d l&s"ed ") e4p)se "e *)&rse &((re(&"e &'d s&ll e>&sed >i" *le&' >&"er ") rem)ve &ll l&i"&'*e? dir"? l))se p&r"i*les? e"*/ Te reireme'"s 3)r*le&'i'( is &s 3)r i &)ve/ Immedi&"el e3)re pl&*i'( "e 'e> *)'*re"e? & "i' l&er )3 pl&s"i*m)r"&r s&ll e &pplied ") "e sr3&*es )3 "e )ld *)'*re"e/ Te m)r"&r s&ll *)'sis" )3 *eme'" &'ds&'d mi4ed i' "e pr)p)r"i)' *)'"&i'ed i' "e *)'*re"e mi4 "&" is? )mi""i'( "e *)&rse &((re(&"e/Te 3res *)'*re"e s&ll e pl&*ed &(&i's" "e l&er )3 m)r"&r >ile "e l&""er is s"ill pl&s"i*/

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iii Were 3res *)'*re"e is ") e )'ded ") *)'*re"e >i* is m)re "&' "ree d&s " less "&' ei("d&s )ld/

Te sr3&*e )3 "e *)'*re"e s&ll e >ire rsed )r s&'d l&s"ed ") e4p)se "e *)&rse &((re(&"e/ I'"e *&se )3 *)'*re"e >i* &s ee' m&de >i" ')rm&l P)r"l&'d Ceme'"? )r i' "e *&se )3 *)'*re"e>i* is ')" less "&' 1% d&s )ld &'d >i* &s ee' m&de >i" r&pid &rde'i'( P)r"l&'d *eme'"?s&rp p)i'"ed pi*2s )r &mmers m& e sed 3)r "is prp)se/ R)(e'i'( s&ll ')" e *&rried )">i"i' 0 m )3 &' e4p)sed 3&*e/ Appr)4im&"el % )rs e3)re "e 'e> *)'*re"e is ") e pl&*ed "e)ld *)'*re"e s&ll e >&sed &'d *le&'edJ &' &deri'( dep)si"s ei'( *ipped )33/

Tere&3"er i" s&ll e 2ep" *)'"i')sl d&mp &'d 3ree )3 3)rei(' m&"eri&ls/ Immedi&"el e3)re "epl&*i'( )3 "e *)'*re"e? & 'e&" *eme'" slrr )3 "e *)'sis"e'* )3 *re&m? s&ll e s*red i'") "esr3&*e/ Tis s&ll e 3)ll)>ed immedi&"el & "i' *)&" )3 pl&s"i* m)r"&r &'d "e 3res *)'*re"e &sdes*ried i' ii &)ve/

iv We'ever 3res *)'*re"e is ei'( pl&*ed )' *)'*re"e >i* is m)re "&' 8 d&s )ld "e &ppr)v&l )3"e E'(i'eer s&ll 3irs" e )"&i'ed/ I' s* i's"&'*es i" >ill s&ll e*)me 'e*ess&r 3)r "eei("s )3 "e li3"s ") e red*ed "emp)r&ril i' )rder ") preve'" sri'2&(e *r&*2s 3r)m 3)rmi'( i' "e3res *)'*re"e/ Te ')rm&l ei(" )3 li3" *&' s&ll e rever"ed ") &3"er *)'*re"e &s ee' *&s" ") &ei(" e&l ") )'e ')rm&l li3" &)ve "e )ld *)'*re"e/ Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll )>ever &dere s"ri*"l") "e pr)(r&mme de*ided p)' "e E'(i'eer e3)re ei'( &ll)>ed ") resme *)'*re"i'( &" "e')rm&l li3" ei("/ Cle&'i'( &'d r)(e'i'( "e )ld *)'*re"e &'d prep&r&"i)'s 3)r pl&*i'( *)'*re"es&ll e &s i' iii &)ve/

Te sr3&*es )3 *)'"r&*"i)' ' )' "e Dr&>i'(s )r dire*"ed "eE'(i'eer? 3)r "e prp)se )3 &'*)ri'( "e *)'*re"e ") "e r)*2/ Te me")d )3 i's"&ll&"i)' s&ll e i'&**)rd&'*e >i" "e relev&'" Se*"i)' )3 "e Spe*i3i*&"i)'s/

10/ P+ACING AND CO-PACTION OF CONCRETE

10/1 A")ri" ") *)mme'*e

Te C)'"r&*")r s&ll (ive "e E'(i'eer ')"i*e &" le&s" % )rs e3)re&'d )3 is i'"e'"i)' ") pl&*e *)'*re"e i'& p&r"i*l&r se*"i)' )3 "e W)r2s/

.e3)re "e *eme'" slrr m)r"&r s*reed )r *)'*re"e is pl&*ed "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll &ppl ") "e E'(i'eer 3)r>ri""e' &ppr)v&l )3 "e *le&'i'( )3 r)*2 )r *)'*re"e sr3&*es )r )"? &(&i's" >i* "e 'e> *)'*re"e is ") epl&*ed &'d )3 "e 3i4i'( &'d *le&'i'( )3 s""eri'(? rei'3)r*eme'"? *&le d*"s? >&"ers")ps? pipe>)r2 e"*/ i')rder ") *)mme'*e *&s"i'( *)'*re"e i' &' p&r"i*l&r memer )r p)r"i)' )3 "e >)r2s/

10/ Tr&'sp)r"i'(

Te m&"eri&ls &'d eipme'" sed 3)r pr)"e*"i'( &'d "r&'sp)r"i'( 3res *)'*re"e ") i"s 3i'&l p)si"i)' s&ll es* &s ") preve'" se(re(&"i)'? l)ss )3 m&"eri&ls? *&'(e )3 *)'sis"e'* )r *)'"&mi'&"i)' >i" 3)rei(' m&""er/Were &")rised "e E'(i'eer? *)'*re"e i' "''el li'i'(s &'d i' *er"&i' )"er se*"i)'s )3 "e W)r2s m&e "r&'sp)r"ed &'d pl&*ed pmpi'(/

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10/# Pl&*i'(

Were "e 3resl mi4ed *)'*re"e is ')" ei'( *)'"i'&ll &(i"&"ed me&'s )3 &' &ppr)ved &(i"&")r "e

m&4imm peri)d e">ee' e4i" )3 *)'*"re"e 3r)m "e mi4er &'d 3i'&l *)'s)lid&"i)' s&ll e #0 mi'"es/ Were&ppr)ved &(i"&")rs &re sed "e m&4imm peri)d )3 pl&*i'( m& e e4"e'ded ") 1 )r/

Werever p)ssile? *)'*re"e s&ll e dep)si"ed ver"i*&ll i' "e 3i'&l p)si"i)' reired " >i")" dr)ppi'(3reel "r)( & ei(" (re&"er "&' 1?5 m/ .i's? dr)p=*"es? d)>'pipes )r &33les s&ll e pr)vided ")preve'" se(re(&"i)' )3 "e m&"eri&ls >ere i' "e )pi'i)' )3 "e E'(i'eer s* eipme'" is 'e*ess&r/

C)'*re"e i' "''el i'ver"s s&ll ')" e pl&*ed p'em&"i* eipme'"/ Were pmpi'( )3 "e *)'*re"e isempl)ed? "e eipme'" sed &'d "e me")d )3 )per&"i)' s&ll e s* &s >ill permi" i'"r)d*"i)' )3 "e*)'*re"e >i")" i( vel)*i" dis*&r(e )r sep&r&"i)'/ A3"er "e *)'*re"e i' "''els &s ee' il" p )ver "e&r* )3 s"eel li'i'( &" "e s"&r" )3 pl&*i'(? "e e'd )3 "e dis*&r(e li'e s&ll e 2ep" >ell rried i' "e*)'*re"e dri'( pl&*i'( )3 "e &r* &'d side>&lls ") e'sre *)mple"e 3illi'(/ Te "ermi'&l se*"i)' )3 "edis*&r(e li'e s&ll e m&r2ed s) &s ") i'di*&"e "e dep" )3 ri&l &" &' "ime/ Spe*i&l *&re s&ll e "&2e' ")3)r*e *)'*re"e i'") &ll irre(l&ri"ies i' "e r)*2 sr3&*es &'d ") *)mple"el 3ill "e "''el &r*/ Pl&*i'(eipme'" s&ll e )per&"ed e4perie'*ed >)r2me' )'l/

Te me")ds &'d eipme'" empl)ed 3)r pl&*i'( *)'*re"e 'der >&"er s&ll &ll e s&"er"i(" *)'"&i'ers )r "r)( 3''els&ped "remies >i* &re 2ep" *)'"i')sl 3illed >i" *)'*re"e ") &)ve "e >&"er level/ Te dis*&r(e e'd )3"e "remie s&ll &l>&s e 2ep" immersed i' "e *)'*re"e i' )rder ") red*e ") & mi'imm "e *)'"&*" )3 "e*)'*re"e >i" "e >&"er/ Spe*i&l *&re s&ll e "&2e' ") &v)id se(re(&"i)'/

C)'*re"e s&ll ')" e pl&*ed dri'( r&i' s33i*ie'"l e&v )r pr)l)'(ed ") >&s m)r"&r 3r)m *)&rse &((re(&"e)' "e e4p)sed sl)pi'( 3&*es )3 3res *)'*re"e ')r >e' "e &ir "emper&"re is el)> % de(rees Ce'"ri(r&de/Dri'( )" >e&"er &ll sr3&*es &(&i's" >i* "e *)'*re"e is ") e pl&*ed s&ll e 2ep" s33i*ie'"l d&mp ")preve'" e4*essive &s)rp"i)' )3 >&"er 3r)m "e 3res *)'*re"e &'d "e C)'"r&*")r s&ll "&2e s* me&sres &sm& e deemed 'e*ess&r ") e'sre "&" "e "emper&"res )3 "e pl&*ed *)'*re"e d)es ')" rise e4*essivel/

Te 3&*e 3r)m >i* *)'*re"i'( is ") *)mme'*e s&ll e sid"? 3r)m )'e 3&*e ") "e )pp)si"e 3&*e '"il "e 3ll ei(" )3 "e li3" is re&*ed/E&* l&er s&ll e dep)si"ed )' "e previ)s l&er e3)re "e l&""er &s "&2e' i"s i'i"i&l se" &'d i' s* &m&''er &s ") 2eep "e e4p)sed &re& )3 3res *)'*re"e ") & mi'imm/ I' )rder ") &**)mplis "is? & 'e> l&erm& e s"&r"ed e3)re "e previ)s l&er is *)mple"ed/

C)'*re"e s&ll e *&re3ll pl&*ed >i"i' "e s""eri'( s) &s ')" ") displ&*e "e s""eri'(? rei'3)r*eme'"?>&"ers")ps? e"*/ "&" m& e emedded i' "e *)'*re"e/ Dri'( pl&*i'( &'d *)mp&*"i)'? pr)visi)' s&ll em&de 3)r "e rem)v&l )3 >&"er >i* m& *)lle*" )' "e sr3&*e )3 "e *)'*re"e? &'d ') *)'*re"e s&ll epl&*ed &3"er l)ss )3 >)r2&ili" )**r

dwa concrete spec

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