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HARYANA URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Processing Facility at Village: Murthal, Tehsil and District Sonepat OCTOBER 2016

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER TABLE OF CONTENTS

OCTOBER 2016

CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................... 7 2 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ......................................................................................... 8

2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT ................................................................. 8 2.2 NEED OF PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO REGION ....................................................................... 8 2.3 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION (DIRECT AND INDIRECT) DUE TO THE PROJECT .................................... 8

3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 TYPE OF PROJECT ............................................................................................................................. 9 3.2 SITE LOCATION AND CONNECTIVITY ............................................................................................... 9 3.3 DETAILS OF ALTERNATE SITE CONSIDERED ....................................................................................12 3.4 SIZE AND MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION ............................................................................................12 3.5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION WITH PROJECT DETAILS..............................................................................12

3.5.1 Salient Feature of Project .......................................................................................................14 3.5.2 Processing Description ...........................................................................................................15 3.5.3 Composting Process ...............................................................................................................17 3.5.4 Compost Plant Technology ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.5.5 Waste to Energy Power Plant ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.5.6 Landfill ....................................................................................................................................27

3.6 AVAILABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES/ POWER, ENERGY REQUIREMENT AND SOURCE .................27 3.6.1 Water Balance ........................................................................................................................32 3.6.2 Power Requirement .................................................................................................................33

3.7 QUANTITY OF WASTE TO BE GENERATED ........................................................................................34 3.7.1 Leachate Generation ...............................................................................................................34 3.7.2 Hazardous Waste Generation .................................................................................................34

4 SITE ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................35 4.1 CONNECTIVITY ................................................................................................................................35

4.1.1 By Road ...................................................................................................................................35 4.1.2 By Air ......................................................................................................................................35 4.1.3 By Water .................................................................................................................................35

4.2 LAND FORM, LAND USE AND LAND OWNERSHIP.............................................................................35 4.3 TOPOGRAPHY ALONG WITH MAP.....................................................................................................35 4.4 EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN ........................................................................................................37 4.5 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE ...........................................................................................................37

4.5.1 Environment Sensitivity ..........................................................................................................37 4.6 CLIMATE DATA FROM SECONDARY SOURCE ...................................................................................38 4.7 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ...............................................................................................................39

4.7.1 Health .....................................................................................................................................39 4.7.2 Fire and Emergency ................................................................................................................39

5 PLANNING BRIEF .............................................................................................................................40 5.1 PLANNING CONCEPT .......................................................................................................................40 5.2 ASSESSMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEMAND (PHYSICAL &SOCIAL) ..............................................40


OCTOBER 2016

5.3 AMENITIES/ FACILITIES ...................................................................................................................40 6 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE ....................................................................................................41

6.1 PROCESSING AREA ....................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 6.2 NON PROCESSING AREA ............................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 6.3 GREEN BELT ...................................................................................................................................41 6.4 CONNECTIVITY (ROAD/RAIL/WATERWAYS) ...................................................................................42 6.5 DRINKING WATER MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................43 6.6 SOLID AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT .............................................................................43 6.7 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION .................................................................................................43 6.8 POWER REQUIREMENT AND SUPPLY SOURCE ..................................................................................43

7 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMTN PLAN .......................................................................44 8 PROJECT SCHEDULE AND COST .................................................................................................45

8.1 PROJECT COST ................................................................................................................................45 8.2 LIKELY DATE OF START OF CONSTRUCTION ...................................................................................45

9 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (RECOMMENDATION) ..................................................................46 9.1 SOCIAL BENEFITS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE BENEFIT TO THE LOCAL PEOPLE INCLUDING THE TRIBAL POPULATION ...................................................................................................................................46


OCTOBER 2016

LIST OF ANNEXURES Annexure 1: Land Document ........................................................................................................................47 Annexure 2: Waste characterization and Geo-technical studies


OCTOBER 2016

LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1: Coordinate of the Project Site ....................................................................................................... 9 Table 3-2: Project Details ..............................................................................................................................14 Table 3-3: Salient Feature of Project .............................................................................................................14 Table 3-4: Details of Machinery to be used in Compost Plant ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 3-5: Water Balance during Operation Phase .......................................................................................33 Table 3-6: Water Balance during Operation Phase .......................................................................................34 Table 4-1: Environment Setting of the Study Area .......................................................................................37


OCTOBER 2016

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1: Site Location ...............................................................................................................................10 Figure 3-2: Google Image of the Project Site ................................................................................................11 Figure 3-3: Methodology For Proposed Waste Collection ............................................................................16 Figure 3-4: Water Balance for Operational Phase .........................................................................................33


OCTOBER 2016

ABBREVIATIONS

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

OCTOBER 2016

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sonepat Cluster including Gannaur, Panipat, Samalkha and sonepatcity is generating all kinds of waste, which is becoming a serious health and sanitation hazard for its residents. Apart from MSW waste,Sonepat, cluster generates a lot of e-waste (due to a huge corporate sector) as well as bio-medical waste (due to a growing hospital sector). Besides, industrial waste (including sludge etc.) is also generated in large quantities due to growing industrial base. The cluster has an urban area at about 265.59 square km. and a resident population of about 9915739 in 2015.It generates 461 metric tons of Municipal solid waste as per MCS officials every single day.The projected population in 2025 will be 1228258 generating 622 metric tons municipal waste and in 2035 population will be 1650675 generating 836 metric tons of municipal waste. The Municipal Corporation of Sonepat (MCS) is the apex body responsible for waste planning and management in the city. As far as its operational role is concerned, MCS is only responsible for waste generated in its municipal area. Waste management in HUDA sectors is undertaken by private contractors, RWAs as well as by permanent employees of HUDA. The proposed integratedMunicipal solid waste processing facility will cater to the needs of Sonepat Cluster which comprises of Gannaur, Panipat, Sonepat and Samalkha Urban Local Bodies (ULB’s). Estimated MSW generation in Sonepat cluster is about 461 TPD. It is expected to reach 793 TPD by 2035. Muncipal Corporation Sonepat is the designated ULB for Sonepat cluster. The proposed site is a fresh site situated inMurthalvillage nearState highway SH-20, to process the Municipal solid waste into compost and RDF. Murthal site is spread over an area of 15 acres for ou of which 4.95 acres area will be used for green belt.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

OCTOBER 2016

2 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

2.1 Identification of Project and Project Proponent The state of Haryana generates about 4249Tonnes per day (TPD) of Municipal Solid Waste and this quantity is likely to be more than 7,675 TPD by 2035, assuming the rate of increase of per capita waste generation is in proportion to increase in urban population. Directorate of Urban Local Bodies (DULB), in its endeavor to provide people safe, clean and healthy environment, has proposed to set up cluster based integrated solid waste management facilities in the ULBs of Haryana in Public Private Partnership mode. Based on factors such as existing treatment plants, free land pockets, optimal waste transport distance 15 cluster based MSW treatment plants have been proposed in Haryana.Sonepat cluster comprises of ULBs of Gannaur, Panipat, Sonepat and samalkha. Estimated MSW generation in Sonepat Cluster is about 461 TPD. It is expected to reach 836 TPD by 2035. Municipal Corporation Sonepat is the designated ULB for the Gannur ,Samlakha, Panipat, Sonepatcluster. The proposed integrated Municipal solid waste Processing facilitywill be set up in 15acres of new site in Murthalvillage of 500 TPDcapacity.

2.2 Need of Project and its Importance to Region Sonepat is one of the fastest growing cities in India. Rapid development and habitation in the city is generating all kinds of waste, which is becoming a serious health and sanitation hazard for its residents. Also in Sonepat due to rapid urbanization huge amount of waste is generated every year. So management of waste is of utmost importance. The project seeks to improve and develop a socially and environmentally sustainable system of solid waste management which will reduce the associated environmental and public health risks. The project intends to create a socially, economically and environmentally viable solid waste management system to develop an environmentally and aesthetically sound MSW dumping site. The major objective is to reduce the solid waste generated in huge quantity and its associated health risks in Cluster. In this regard, theMunicipal Corporation of Sonepatthe designated ULB for Sonepat cluster intends to obtain environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment , Forest & Climate Change for Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Processing Facility for Gannaur, Panipat, Sonepat and samalkha ULB’s at Murthal village, in Sonepatdistrict, Haryana.

2.3 Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the project During construction phase 53number of workers will be employed and during operational phase 736 number of persons will be employed.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER PROJECT DESCRIPTION

OCTOBER 2016

3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Type of Project As per the EIA notification dated 14th September, 2006, as amended till date, the proposed project falls under the Project / Activity: 7 (i)– Common Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility (CMSWMF) under Category A ”.

3.2 Site Location and Connectivity The proposed site is a fresh site. The proposed integrated Municipal solid waste Processing facility is situated in Village Murthal, Tehsil &District: Sonepat in Haryana. The site is easily approachable by SH-20 which is 0.5 km east .The nearest railway station is Sandal Kalan Railway Station at a distance of 9.0 km in West direction. Indira Gandhi International airport is the nearest airport at an aerial distance of 57.0 km in SW direction. The location map is shown in Figure 3-1. The coordinate of the proposed project site are given in Table 3-1, and the Google map of the project site is shown inFigure 3-2.

Table 3-1: Coordinate of the Project Site Sr. No. Latitude Longitude

A. 29°03'52.0"N 77°06'08.04"E B. 29°03'53.4"N 77°06'08.04"E C. 29°03'53.5"N 77°06'10.0"E D. 29°03'57.0"N 77°06'10.0"E E. 29°03'56.3"N 77°06'12.3"E F. 29°03'57.2"N 77°06'13.5"E G 29°03'58.5"N 77°06'12.0"E H 29°04'01.0"N 77°06'7.0"E I 29°04'01.3"N 77°06'05.7"E J 29°04'03.7"N 77°06'03.2"E K 29°04'03.6"N 77°06'01.3"E L 29°03'52.1"N 77°06'01.1"E


[TYPE THE COMPANY NAME] | MAY 2016 10

Figure 3-1: Site Location



Figure 3-2: Google Image of the Project Site



3.3 Details of Alternate Site Considered As this is new project hence alternative siteswere examined and the site at Murthal village was finalized based on the easy accessibility, approachability, transportation of waste etc

3.4 Size and Magnitude of Operation The proposed project is for design of integrated Municipal solid waste Processing facility of 500 TPD of MSW in an area of 15 Acres for 20 years.

3.5 Project Description with Project Details Cluster Formation

MSW can be managed through a centralized approach, a decentralized approach or a combination of the two. Waste management services under each approach in turn can be delivered by the ULBs themselves or in association with the private sector or the local community. The Integrated Municipal solid waste processing facility at Murthal village will be developed with Centralized approach. Basis of cluster formation

The quantity and composition of MSW generated in the ULB is essential for determining collection, processing and disposal options that could be adopted. They are dependent on the population, demographic details, principal activities in the city/ town, income levels and lifestyle of the community. In order to assess the sufficiency of the existing and potential MSW treatment capacity of the State of Haryana, the following step-wise process has been followed;

► Data on current MSW generation from non-industrial (domestic, commercial) and industrial sectors has been collected from ULBs

► Population projections have been made taking population of 2011 as the base figures and considering 3% YoY increase in urban areas (CPHEEO manual, 2015)

► Future MSW generation from domestic, commercial and industrial sectors is estimated using sector specific growth factors

► Treatment capacity of all functioning treatment plants and potential treatment capacity of identified land pockets have been estimated

► The optimal transport distance used to identify the cluster boundary is estimated to be 30 km. In addition, the maximum distance used to define any cluster boundary is 50 km.

Constitution of Sonepatcluster Sonepat cluster is surrounded by the State of Uttar Pradesh on East and South, Rohtak cluster on South-West and West, JindandKarnalclusters, State of Delhi on North-West and North



Figure 3.3: Boundary of Sonepat Cluster Details of Participating ULBs

The details of the ULBs constituting the Sonepat cluster are as follows: 1. Sonepat Municipal Council, Sonepat has been declared as Municipal Corporation by Govt. vide notification No. 18/82/2015-3CI dated 06-07-2015. The district headquarter is situated in Sonepat. Other smaller towns are Gohana, Ganaur, Mundlana, Kharkhoda and Rai. The total area of Sonepat district is 2,260 sq km and its population is 10,64,000. Sonepat is bordered by the states of Delhi and Uttar Pradesh as well as the districts of Rohtak, Jind and Panipat. The River Yamuna runs along the eastern boundary of the district. 2. Panipat

Sonepat Cluster



Panipat is located at 29.39°N 76.97°E. It has an average elevation of 219 metres (718 feet). Panipat is situated on ShershahSuriMarg (now known as G.T. road or NH-1), 90 KM north of Delhi. On three sides, Panipat district boundaries touch other districts of Haryana –Karnal in the north, Jind in the west and Sonepat in the south. Panipat district borders the state of Uttar Pradesh across the Yamuna river in the east. 3. Samalkha The Samalkha town, spread over an area of 4.48 sqkms, is located about 70 kms. from Delhi and 188 kms. from Chandigarh. The town of Samalkha was developed on the vicinity of the historic town of Panipat. It has a linear development along the G.T. Road, while the development of few industrial sheds for foundry industries in 1945 assumed important role as a milestone for the development of the town. 4. Gannaur Ganaur is situated 3 Kms. Away from NH -1 & 18 Km from Sonepat City. It spreads in 18.08 Sq. Km. Its population is 35499 .Municipal Committee, Ganaur came in existence in 1968.There are 15 wards in M.C. Ganaur. 3.5.1 Salient Feature of Project The proposed project is for design of integrated Municipal solid waste Processing facility of 500 TPD of MSW in an area of 15 Acres for 20 years.Project Details are given in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2: Project Details Sr. No. Particulars Details

1. Land Area 15 Acres 2. Life Span of Land Fill 20Years 3. Power Requirement 5 MW 4. Proposed Capacity of D.G set in KVA 2 D.G. Set of 500KVA 5. Water Requirement 0.5MLD 6. Total Waste Generation 461 TPD in 2015: 603 TPD by 2025 and 793 TPD by

2035 7. Workers in Construction Phase 53 8. Workers in Operation Phase 736

Environmental Settings of the Areaof project are given in Table 3-3. Table 3-3: Environmental Settings of the Area

Sr. No. Area Place Distance (km) Direction 1. Nearest River Yaumana River 5.0 E 2. Nearest Road State Highway -20 0.50 E 3. Nearest Railway Station Sandal kalan Railway

Station 9.0 W

4. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport 57.0 S

5. Nearest Town Sonepat 15.0 S 6. Nearest Village Murthal 3.00 SW 7. Nearest Worship Place Temple in Murthal

Village 3.00 SW 8 Seismic zone Zone – IV [as per IS 1893 (Part-I): 2002]



3.5.2 Processing Description The activities planned in the proposed project include collection, transportation, treatment & disposal of municipal solid waste in compliance to the MSW Handling Rules (2016). The basic concept for the solid waste management of the Sonepat Cluster project site is presented in the form of the flow chart in shown in Figure 3- Source segregation is already adopted in some wards in all the ULBs. This may be replicated across all the wards of all the ULBs in the cluster. Waste should be segregated by waste generators into two fractions – wet fraction (green container) and dry fraction (blue container). The list of different waste bins is provided below:

Table3.4 : Waste bins for source segregation of waste Wet Waste (Green Bin) Dry Waste (Blue bin)

With further sub-segregation Food wastes of all kinds, cooked and uncooked, including eggshells and bones, flower and fruit wastes including juice peels and house plant wastes, soiled tissues, food wrappers, paper towels

Paper, cardboard and cartons

Containers and packaging of all kinds, excluding those containing hazardous material, compound packaging of all kind

Rags, rubber, wood, discarded clothing, furniture

Metals, glass (all kinds), Inert, house sweeping,

Primary Collection Primary collection refers to the process of collecting waste from households, markets, institutions and other commercial establishments and taking the waste to a storage depot/ transfer station. Primary collection may be accomplished through the use of containerized push carts/tri-cycles, small mechanized vehicles, compactors and/or tipping vehicles. Secondary Storage Secondary collection includes picking up waste from community bins, waste storage depots or transfer stations and transporting it to waste processing sites or to the final disposal site. It comprises of both activities – secondary storage and secondary transportation Transfer Station The transfer stations have been proposed so as to receive MSW from nearby ULBs coming in smaller vehicles and then transfer the MSW to a larger vehicle for transporting it to the processing facility (in refused compactor / larger transportation vehicle). MSW from the nearby locations are either to be delivered to the transfer stations or directly to the Processing Plant site depending, whichever is nearer. This method of transporting waste in bulk would help in reduction of the overall transportation cost and also substantially reduce the traffic and environmental nuisance associated with a large number of small refuse collection vehicles moving on the road.


| MAY 2016 16

Figure 3-4: Methodology for Proposed Waste Collection

Household

Commercial

Recreational

Hotels

Primary Door To Door Collection



Segregation Composting

Waste to Energy

Sanitary Landfill

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER PLANNING BRIEF

OCTOBER 2016 17

This project concept has been developed keeping into considerations the following design criteria, for thedesign period of 20 years. 1. Compliance to the MSW handling rules (2016) for waste collection, transportation,treatment &

disposal; 2. Providing Door to door collection of waste from source in segregated manner with theintroduction of

2-bin system (for green waste and dry waste); 3. Introduction of an efficient secondary waste collection & transportation system. 4. Adapting the 4R’s principal of waste minimization through reduction, reuse, recycle and recover.

Hence, proposed a mechanism for recovery of recyclables at the Processingfacility and waste reuse through composting of food waste and other green waste;

5. Final disposal of only rejects/Inerts at the scientifically developed sanitary landfill with an attemptto dispose not more than 25% of the generated waste quantity at the landfill.

The municipal waste received at the site is processed at waste management facility by segregating the waste into recyclable and composting material. After separation of recyclables the compostable material will be diverted to compost plant. The plant is designed to process approx. 622 TPD municipal solid waste (MSW) on per day basis and is able to process different kind of waste types. MSW processing unit would comprise of the following:

Bio methanation plant Composting facility RDF processing facility RDF to power


OCTOBER 2016 18

Bio methanation

Figure 3.5: Flow chart for Biomethanation

Segregated green waste

Slurry formation

Biodigester

Biogas storage Effluent Organic manure (slurry)

Digestion

Gas scrubbing

Biogas with high % of methane

Effluent Treatment Plant

Treated water (To be used in slurry

preparation)

Organic manure

Biogas (Fuel) Gas engine (Electricity) CNG (Auto fuel)

Sludge

Dewatering

Advance scrubbing

Moisture Impurity removal


OCTOBER 2016 19

Compost Plant

i. Elements of composting facility The elements of composting facility which has been mentioned above, would be further explained here. a. Yard Management System The < 50 mm fraction of MSW screened in the trommel of pre- processing section is conveyed to the designated areas of compost pad for windrow preparation. In windrow type aerobic composting system, the fresh MSW is stacked in the form of trapezoidal heaps called 'windrows' *Sufficient quantity of decomposing microbial cultures (inoculum & sanitizer*) will be inoculated at this point with sprayer to reduce odour and repel vectors. Moisture will also be supplemented at required levels before windrow preparation. The thoroughly mixed waste is then made to windrows of convenient dimensions and kept for the biologic decomposition. The windrows are periodically turned (normally once a week) using hydraulic excavators to provide proper aeration and temperature control. The composting heap is stabilized in about 6 weeks, when it is shifter to the screening plant for removal of the inert and non-composted matter. In some of the plants, particularly, in high rain-fall areas, a shed is provided called 'rain shed' or 'monsoon shed'. In this case the material is shifted to the rain-shed after about 4 weeks and kept there for a further period of 2 weeks. * 1. After windrowing, water is added to windrow using water tanker to maintain requisite moisture level. 2. Just after windrowing, bacterial activity starts within 2-3 days . Inside temperature of the windrow may go up to 65o C. b. Coarse segregation system Stabilized material from monsoon shed is then fed to the 'coarse segregation section' using a Skid Steer Loader for intermediate screening. Two stage screening system is adopted to achieve maximum screening efficiency using trommel of different hole sizes. Cascading action inside the trommel ensures better screening of the lumpy and highly heterogeneous municipal solid waste. These days equipment in this section are hydraulically driven to ensure greater safety against breakdowns and to lower power consumption. Hydraulic drive also introduces features like on-load starting, centralized control etc. PLC based controls allows automatic shutdown in case of any emergency. Screened material coming out of this section is uniform in texture and contains semi–stabilized organic compost. This material needs further stabilization so it is transferred to the curing section. c. Curing system Material coming out of the coarse segregation section is stored in curing section for 15 days for further stabilization and moisture control. Some additives, such as, as rock phosphate may be added at this stage to improve quality of final product. Curing area can hold up to 20 days of material coming to the curing section on daily basis.


OCTOBER 2016 20

d. Refinement system As per compost quality norms nationally (FCO) and internationally, the compost should be below 4 mm average particle size and it should not contain impurities such as glass, plastic, other inert material etc. which spoils the overall appearance and creates suspicion in the mind of the end user about quality of the final product. To achieve this, a refinement section is incorporated in the machine line. Cured material from the curing section is fed to this section using a skid steer loader. First equipment of the refinement section is a drag feeder conveyor. Once this equipment is filled up with cured material, it gradually feeds the same to the consecutive equipment at a controlled rate. This section consists of a trommel screen 4 mm. which contains the hole size of 4mm. The screened material coming out of the trommel screen is sent to the gravity separator which removes heavy impurities such as glass, metals, sand, silica etc. from the organic manure. The magnetic separator in the production line will take care of all kinds of ferrous impurities in the compost. Organic Manure free from major impurities is passed through a liquid add mixer where quality enhancer in powder or liquid form is added. High quality organic manure is then passed through the packing spout and final packing of the product takes place. e. Packing and storage system The mechanized packing section can do the bagging, weighment and stitching of 50 kg bags and finally stacked in the finished product store by using a stacking conveyor. f. Leachate, litter and odour management system During composting some dark coloured thick fluid may get generated. This fluid is known as ‘leachate’. It should not get percolated in the soil or else it will pollute the ground water. To avoid this, proper concreting of the 'compost pad' is done and a peripheral drain is provided to collect the leachate generated during the process. The leachate so collected has to be suitably treated or recycled over the windrows. The air-borne litter is controlled by providing a high wire mesh. A green belt is provided around the plant. ii. Process monitoring & control systems a. Yard management Yard management process needs to be monitored in order to achieve proper digestion and obtaining right quality finished product. For aerobic composting, proper temperature, moisture and aeration is required in the windrows. Temperature in the core of the windrow should reach up to 65-750 C and a moisture level of 35 – 40 % should be maintained in the windrows. These will ensure proper growth of the bacteria and thus proper stabilization. An operator will take temperature readings of the windrows and also check the moisture level. C : N ratio of the waste must also be checked by sampling, so that corrective measures can be taken at the initial stage if the ratio is found not inline with the requirement. If heavy metals are found in the waste with the values exceeding the stated ones, the waste material should be removed from the windrows and not used for food crops.


OCTOBER 2016 21

b. Segregation plant Segregation plant is centrally controlled by a control panel. Control panel shuts down the plant automatically in case temperature, pressure and current reading exceeds the stated value. An Inspector will take these three readings of the control panel periodically and see if all the readings are within limit. c. Removal of recyclables & processing rejects Recyclables will be sold to authorized recyclers and combustibles fraction will be balled and sold to industries. Rejects from the compost plant must be regularly removed. These would be loaded in dumpers or tractor trolleys and directed to designated landfill site. iii. Design considerations of Sonepat compost plant The design, construction and operation of Sonepat compost plant has been planned, keeping in view the present MSW compliance and quality requirements (as per the 'Municipal Solid Waste, Management and Handling, Rules, 2000') and expectations of the market. The proposed plan for design, construction and operation of Sonepat Compost Plant has four stages – (1) Pre-processing (2) Windrow composting (3) Processing (4) Refinement of the stabilized material The compost process and the material balance are worked out for -50mm fraction of incoming municipal solid waste every day. This input is expected to yield about 20-24 TPD of compost. The basic design of the Sonepat compost plant is based on open windrow aerobic composting of organic (biodegradable) component of solid waste, utilizing the usable facilities in the existing compost plant. The basic parameters considered for design of the Sonepat compost plant are:

► Best utilisation of the land available

► Smooth flow of material

► Elimination of multiple handling of material

► Elimination of manual processes to the extent possible

► Ensure the output standards to meet the MSW Rules, 2000 (MoEF, GoI) iv. Compost process and material flow The complete process has been designed with the following steps: (i) < 50 mm to compost pad (ii) Preparation of windrows & addition of decomposing microbial cultures & required moisture (iii) Periodic Turning of Windrows (iv) Process Monitoring and Controlling activities (v) After four turnings, shifting of material to Monsoon Shed and air drying (vi) Screening of composted solid waste in coarse segregation section with 35 mm and 16 mm

trommel. (vii) >35 mm fraction to RDF section (viii) Shifting of < 16 mm compost to curing shed


OCTOBER 2016 22

(ix) < 16 mm compost will undergo 2 weeks curing process supported with aeration and turning (x) Screening of < 16 mm compost to 4 mm trommel screen, then to magnetic separator for removal

of ferrous particles and glass pieces and finally passes through a gravity separator to remove sand and silt.

(xi) The screened compost then stored in bulk (xii) Packing will be done with an automated packing unit

Figure 3.6: Process flow at the processing facility

< 50 mm – FOR COMPOSTING PLANT

Reception of raw MSW

Weighment

Visual inspection of waste

Unloading of MSW

Addition of sanitizer

Manual sorting of inert

Loading of material on to moving floor feeder of pre-processing section

Screening in 50 mm trommel screen

> 50 mm FOR RDF PLANT

RDF COMPOST


OCTOBER 2016 23

RDF processing plant The RDF processing unit would receive MSW of > 50 mm size and produce RDF through following process: i. TrommelScreen The MSW from tipping floor or MSW pitwill be conveyed to a trommel screen with 50 -70 mm screen size (depending upon the Physical Characterization of waste). The below 50 mm size will be taken for composting and above 50 mm size will be further conveyed to the main shredder for size reduction. Trommel screens are mechanical segregation devices ii. Shredder The shredder cuts the material to a size of less than 70 mm, (can be adjusted by means of changeable bottom screens). Shredders are programmed in such a manner that in case the un-shreddable material is detected, the shredder will be stopped automatically. The foreign object is also automatically discharged to a dedicated container by means of reversible belt conveyor after the following conveyor. In good quality shredders MIPS (Massive Impact Protection System) protects the knives of the shredder in case of un-shreddable material enters the shredder. The shredded material is discharged from the shredder by means of chain/belt conveyor. iii. Ballistic Separator The ballistic separator is used to segregate the heavy inert, glass and metal pieces. v. RDF Specifications It is reported that, after processing and separation of non-combustible fraction and a part of biodegradables, MSW on conversion to RDF, possesses an average calorific value of 2600 kcal/ kg (i.e. 11.7 MJ/Kg) with less than 70 mm size. The specifications are as follows: Ultimate analysis

Moisture : 15% - 25% 20% 17.68 Mineral matter : 15% - 25% 20% 17.68 Carbon : 35% - 40% 37.5% 33.16 Hydrogen : 5% - 8% 6.5% 5.75 Nitrogen : 1% - 1.5% 1.25% 1.11 Sulphur : 0.2% - 0.5% 0.35% 0.31 Oxygen : 25% - 30% 27.5% 24.31

Proximate analysis :

Moisture : 15% - 25% Ash content : 15% - 25% Volatile matter : 40% - 60% Fixed carbon : 10% - 20%


OCTOBER 2016 24

Figure 3.7: MSW to RDF process flow

>50 mm size of MSW

Hand sorting

Magnetic Separator

Shredder

Ballistic Separator

Light Fraction Heavy Fraction

Inert - Landfill RDF

Storage/ Fluff / Baling


OCTOBER 2016 25

Power Plant

3.5.3

Figure 3.8: Process flow for waste to energy

RDF 200TPD @ 2600 K cal / kg with

20% moisture

Boiler 40 bar pressure

Steam Temp @ 4000C 25 – 30 TPH steam

Turbine Generator 5MW

Switchyard 5 MW Power

Internal Consumption

Export to Grid

Flue Gases Flue Gas Treatment Plant

ASH

Process Water Water Treatment Plant


OCTOBER 2016 26

Mass balance The MSW processing facility can be summarised in the following mass balance flow chart:

Figure 3.9: Flow Chart – Material Balance of 500 TPD Sonepat MSW Plant

Bio-methanation Plant

Trommel (35 mm)

Hand Sorting Magnetic Separator

50 TPD (source separated organics + Cow Dung)

430 TPD

Trommel (50- 70 mm)

MSW (500 TPD)

480 TPD

- 50mm + 50mm 225 TPD

205 TPD

Shredders

Recyclables& Inert

20 -25 TPD 200 TPD

Trommel(16 mm)

50 TPD

Ballistic Separator

Leachate 20 KLD*

250 TPD

200 TPD (RDF) Approx.

Heavy Rejects& Moisture 50 TPD Trommel(4 mm)

Compost (20 – 25 (TPD)

Bio Gas (3000 m3)

Gas Engine

150 kW Power

Scrubbing Unit

Bio-manure 5-10 TPD

Power Plant (5 MW)

Moisture + Inert

Moisture + Inert

Moisture + Inert

Moisture + Inert


OCTOBER 2016 27

3.5.4 Sanitary Landfill Landfill development strategy

Deposition of waste in conical heaps over the landfill site and spreading these heaps using a tracked bull dozer, is a low cost and easy option. However this practice will lead to highly unacceptable environmental conditions. The lower levels of waste are permanently saturated and free flow of water into and out of the dumped waste will lead to the migration of leachate into the surrounding surface and sub-surface water and thereby contaminating the ground water aquifers. The other major issue of simple deposition waste will be the formation of anaerobic conditions at the site as the waste deposition thickness increases, giving rise to the generation of landfill gas and thereby creating serious safety concerns in the immediate project influence area.

Considering these aspects, the landfill development strategy for GMADA cluster is formulated, to satisfy the regulatory requirements of MoEF and the guidelines of CPHEEO, with the following objectives.

Environmental Protection and protection from the flooding Physical Acceptability Technical Standards of Site Engineering Required Operational and Management Standards Desirable Appropriateness and Sustainability of the Method Volumetric Capacity of the Site Longevity of the Method and Cost Effectiveness of the Recommended Measures

Sections below discuss various measures recommended, for developing the scientific sanitary land fill to fulfill the above objectives. Specifications of landfill development, operation and management

Development of landfill site should be subjected to rigorous planning. Key elements in developing a common scientific landfill site for Sonepat cluster will comprise,

a) Organizing the waste/ processing rejects and inert transportation practices

b) Detailed plans outlining the site development activities and

c) Detailed designs of all the engineering works

d) The overall control on the development and operation of landfill site will be the requirement to adopt a cellular approach to land filling. The landfill development activities will comprise Site clearance Sub-division of site into major operational phases


OCTOBER 2016 28

Progressive excavation for landfill earthworks Ordered development of operational phases in working land filling cells Advance preparation of the lining system on the landfill base Sequential infilling of land filling cells and operational phases and Early and timely capping of land filled cells

Recommendedmeasures of containment engineering

Protection of surrounding environment of landfill site is effectively achieved through segregation and isolation of potentially polluting waste, from the surrounding strata of surface water and ground water. The principle means of achieving this are, provision of sealing layers at the base, side walls and top of the landfill. Appropriate and secure operational management of the site to minimize the following aspects will further supplement these measures. Water ingress into the landfill Leachate generation and uncontrolled dispersion and Accumulation and uncontrolled release of land fill gas into the surrounding atmosphere

A number of alternative methods are available for constructing sealing and containment layers with varied demands for expertise levels both for liner formation and installation. These include:

a) The use of in situ strata with a very low permeability, typically specified as less than 1.0x 10-9 m / sec

b) Excavation and /or importing low permeability natural clay c) Improvement of in situ material, to achieve the minimum required permeability characteristics

by bentonite enrichment or natural soils or other means and d) Use of an engineered artificial lining system such as flexible synthetic geo- membrane, geo-

synthetic clay liner or composite geo-membrane.

The use of single or multiple synthetic liners, in combination with an in situ mineral liner or improved in situ soil will provide high levels of site containment. Considering the capital cost and containment levels required it is recommended to have

a) A single mineral liner formed in situ and re-compacted clay on the base of the landfill b) A capping layer of re-compacted clay above the final lift of solid waste c) A core clay in peripheral phase to form lateral containment and d) A maximum permeability of sealing layers will no greater than 1x 10-9 m / sec

While the above measures are expected to provide desired levels of containment and environmental safety, it is to be noted that no industrial or biomedical wastes are allowed to mix with the solid waste being disposed off at the site. The mix of any of these wastes will render the waste hazardous there by requiring the use of highly expensive synthetic liners for containment.

a) Leachate generation and treatment Water that percolates through the placed solid waste is known as leachate. During its progress through the waste, the water entrains suspended solids, extracts soluble constituents of the waste and soluble products of the waste degradation process. The composition of leachate depends up on the stage of waste degradation and the types of waste within the landfill. The main components of leachate will comprise:


OCTOBER 2016 29

Major elements and ions including calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium, sodium, ammonia, carbonates, sulphates, chlorides, etc. Trace metals including manganese, chromium, nickel, lead, cadmium, etc. Organic compounds including phenols, Poly aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. Microbiological components

The quantity of leachate generated will depend on the annual precipitation rates and active area of the landfill. This requires preparation of complete water balance of the landfill site, in accordance with the development phases of the project. It is now too early to anticipate a detailed phasing of the landfill site and hence it is assumed that an area equivalent to the total waste generated in a year would be the active area for the landfill site in the particular year. However it is to be noted that the leachate generation trends vary drastically depending up on the quantity of waste deposited every day and the actual quantity shall be estimated by considering the cumulative quantity of waste deposited in the landfill. The quantity estimated here will just give an idea for the area requirements of leachate treatment.

b) Landfill gas generation, control and management The landfill gas is generated due to the degradation of the organic matter in the wastes. Since the landfill material will be basically inert, the landfill gas generation will be minimal. However, a minor portion of un-composted material may also go to the landfill and therefore adequate gas ventilation system has to be provided as a part of the design.

c) Storm water control and management The drains of storm water from the active landfill area and processing plant area, adequate drainage facilities are recommended for landfill area. As a part of this, drainage arrangements in each phase of the landfill will have to be constructed and drain towards the existing ravine side of the disposal site. Temporary and permanent drainage ditches would be installed in waste reception area, topsoil storage plant, haul roads, floor preparation areas and waste placement areas. Clean and contaminated waters will be segregated and discharged to the nearby ravine and treatment facility respectively.

d) Buffer zones A vegetative cover will have to be provided as buffer zone between landfill site and the nearby localities. In addition to the buffer zone a compound wall/rigid fencing all round the land fill site to a height of 3m or as suitable, shall also to be constructed, to totally seclude the site from outside activities. The proposed vegetative cover shall comprise trees and shrubs that improve the visual and aesthetic appearance of the site. In addition the waste reception area, administrative area and segregation areas shall also be provided with vegetative cover to the extent possible Assessment of landfill volume and life Assessment of volume of the waste to be land filled is the preliminary design requirement in terms of area and landfill life estimation. The volume of waste to be placed in the landfill is computed for the active period of the landfill taking into account (a) the current generation of waste per annum and (b) the anticipated increase in rate of waste generation and waste diversion rates that the Sonepat Cluster intends to achieve. Table below provides a summary of estimates of waste generation and diversion rates and the waste quantities to be land filled. It is envisaged that at Processing Plant site, about 450 TPD of waste would be processed and about 20 % of processing rejects would be land filled as final disposal i.e. about inert rejects of 90 TPD plus top and bottom liners would be land filled per day.


OCTOBER 2016 30

Below table presents the landfill volume requirements.

Table 3.5: Landfill area requirement for integrated compost-RDF processing Landfill Area Requirement Waste quantity from Processing facility TPD 450 Rejects/inerts per day 20% 90 Top cover and bottom liner 12% 10 Density T/m3 0.90 Depth below GL M 5 height above GL M 5 Area required/day m2 12 Area required /year m2 4251 Area per year Acre 1.02 Number of years years 20 Land required for 20 years Acres 20

Containment of potential pollutants Containment measures such as double liners at the bottom and lateral sides of the landfill, and surface capping after the land filling is completed, are required to control the pollutants and mitigate subsequent impacts on environment.

a) Basal and lateral containment

The basal and lateral containment at the site shall be provided by using in situ natural soils and geological strata of permeability less than 1x 10-9 m/sec. detailed geo-technical investigations, by excavating top soil should be carried out to assess the permeability of the soil. The site preparation and construction of liner will comprise of

a. Site clearance b. Grading and dozing of the floor at foundation level to provide suitable slope for gravity

drainage of leachate c. Placement and compaction of excavated clay in minimum of four lifts of 250 mm thick

with clay placed at or within +4% of optimum moisture content d. Within each major phase the mineral liner will be laid, as to be continuous at foundation

level and will form as the primary containment layer

If the geo-technical investigations conclude soil permeability, not suitable for liners, clay either has to be imported or in situ sandy materials, has to be improved though addition of bentonite under controlled application rates.

b) Surface Capping


OCTOBER 2016 31

To minimize the ingress of water into the site after completion, it is proposed to form an engineered capping layer. This will comprise a multi layer system comprising,

a. A protective layer of graded fine granular material of 100 mm thick and free from objects larger than 10 mm size, placed above the gas drainage layer over the last lift of waste

b. Sealing layer with a maximum permeability and an equivalent layer of clay 1m thick with a permeability of 1 x 10-9 m/sec and

c. A second protective layer with same specifications as mentioned above, placed above the sealing layer

c) Ground and surface water interception and drainage

Conventional dewatering measures shall be employed within the landfill area to discharge and maintain groundwater levels below landfill foundation level. This will be ensured through

a. Pumping from perimeter trench drains installed on the bunds or from sumps installed below

the landfill foundation level for areas undergoing preparation b. Installation of temporary or permanent surface water interception drainage ditches to carry

peak rainfall runoff and prevent flooding of landfill site

d) Leachate collection and removal The leachate collection shall be achieved through the following measures:

a. Gravity drainage and grading of the floor of the landfill cell to fall into a sump, located at the lowest point of the cell. The gradients shall be 2 per cent for main drainage with 1 per cent cross fall.

b. Installation of leachate drainage blanket above the basal mineral liner over the floor of each cell and partially up the side walls, constructed of free drainage coarse granular fill comprising of graded 50mm crushed rock laid to a depth of 400mm with a permeability of 1 x 10-4 cm/sec.

c. Inclusion of perforated HDPE pipes in the drainage blanket to facilitated leachate flow with pipes laid on a typical spacing of 50m.

d. Overlaying granular drainage blanket with 100m thick free draining fine granular fills of medium to coarse sand to act as a filter and protective layer.

e. Removal of leachate is effected by leachate collection chambers built up with successive lifts of waste and side slope risers located on the site perimeter.

f. The submersible pumps or adductor pumps should be used to remove leachate from the sumps and the collection chambers should be linked by permanent pipe work to the treatment plant.

g. The precise methods and degree of treatment shall accommodate the fluctuations in leachate generation. However the following steps shall be followed to meet the standards prescribed by the ministry. Balancing of leachate flows and volumes Redistribution and recirculation of leachate to dry absorptive waste to reduce volume

and to enhance the rates of stabilization Aerobic processing through lagoons

e) Landfill gas and management


OCTOBER 2016 32

The primary measures to restrict the uncontrolled migration of landfill gas from the site will comprise,

a. Low permeability containment layers and systems installed on the base and side walls b. Permeable gas drainage blanket of 0.3m thickness laid beneath the capping layer and c. Vertical gas chimneys vents and extraction wells

The gas drainage blanket will be formed of a layer of fines free, graded granular fill overlain by a layer of fine sand 100 mm thick and provide protection to the capping layer. Chimneys, vents and extractions wells shall be constructed by drilling from the surface of the capping layer. The extraction wells will have an outer diameter of 0.3 to 1 m and a HDPE well pipe of 0.1 to 0.15 m within well body.

f) Surface restoration The landfill will be brought up to its pre-settlement level in stages and capped off in a program of progressive restoration, to limit the ingress of water into the site and to facilitate the control of landfill gas. The capping will be a composite structure comprising of four layers of an engineered seal designed to prevent water ingress and egress of landfill gas and an agricultural cap comprising of subsoil drainage layer.

A suitable vegetative cover will have to be established on the closed site to ensure slow surface runoff, promote evapo-transpiration of rainfall, retain moisture in the cap and enhance the formation of a soil structure in the agriculture soil.

g) Other measures Specific attention shall be paid to mitigate the following undesirable and potentially deleterious effects of

a) Litter blown from the disposal / tipping area b) Scavenging animals, vermin and insects attracted to the sites c) Flies and Bird attraction d) Odour arising out of waste deposition and degradation e) Dust from landfill operations f) Mud generated from waste, cover, capping materials and site excavation works g) Fire and smoke control and h) Noise of operating plant

These effects can be minimized by providing local litter, arrestor, fencing, strategically placed in relation to the discharge point, erecting site security fencing for excluding scavenging animals, bird scaring techniques for avoiding bird nuisance, etc.

3.6 Availability of Water Resources/ Power, Energy Requirement and Source 3.6.1 Water Balance The source of water supply is Municipal Corporation, Sonepat (Fresh/Treated waste water). During construction phase, water requirement will be 6-8KLD and during operation phase total water requirement will be 114.76 KLD.


OCTOBER 2016 33

Water balance during operation phase is given in Table 3-6. Table 3-6: Water Balance during Operation Phase

Sr. No. Description Fresh Water Requirement

(KLD)

Treated Water (KLD)

Total Water Requirement

(KLD)

Waste Water Generation

(KLD) 1. Employees (736)

45 LPD/per Employee 33.12 --- 33.12 26.49 2. Tyre Washing ----- 2.5 2.5 2.5 3. Dust Suppression ------ 5 5 -- 4. Green Belt Development ----- 9 9 ----- 5. Biomethanation/composting ----- 50 50 40 6. Power Plant ------ 15 15 8

Total 33.12 81.5 114.62 76.99

Figure 3-9: Water Balance for Operational Phase

3.6.2 Power Requirement Power will be sourced from 2 DG sets of 500 kva during construction phase. Afterwards 5 MW waste to energy power plant will cater to the needs of the MSW processing facility also 2D.G set of 500 KVAcapacity will be kept on standby.

Power plant (15 KLD)

2.5 KLD 26.49 KLD

Total water demand (114.62 KLD) Fresh/Treated waste

water by MCS

Domestic purpose (33.12 KLD) Tyre washing (2.5

KLD) Dust suppression

(5 KLD) Biomethanation /composting (50 KLD)

Waste water generation (76.99 KLD)

Effluent treatment plant (80 KLD)

Green belt (9 KLD)

40 KLD 8 KLD


OCTOBER 2016 34

3.7 Quantity of Waste to be generated The details about the population and waste generation for Sonepat Cluster are given in Table 3-.

Table 3-7: Waste generation from sonepat cluster

ULBs

Area of the

ULB Sq.Km

Population projection for 2015

Waste generation

in 2015 (tons per

day)

Population Projection for 2025

Estimated waste

generation in 2025

Population projection for 2035

Estimated waste

generation in

2035(Tons per day)

Sonepat Cluster (Gannaur, Panipat,

Sonepat&Samalkha)

265.59 915739 461 1228258 622 1650675 836

3.7.1 Leachate/Effluent/sewage Generation During operation phase Leachate generation will be 25-30KLD (5%). Leachate will be collected in leachate collection pit and treated in treatment plant and effluent will be generated to the tune of 76.99 KLD which will be treated in 80 KLD Effluent treatment plant. During construction phase 1.9 KLD of sewage will be generated which will be disposed off through soak pit. 3.7.2 Hazardous Waste Generation Only used oil (category 5.1) will be generated and collected and will be handed over to authorizedrecyclers. 300 liter/year used oil will be generated. 3.7.3 Site Staff Adequate manpower is required to ensure that the site is constructed and operated successfully. The staff employed shall be sufficiently qualified, trained, competent and adequately supervised, to ensure efficient functioning of the plant. The type of staff requirement anticipated for the study is presented below.

Site manager supervising all aspects of construction and operation Supervisors overseeing the landfill operations and maintenance Resident engineers supervising landfill construction Unit Cashiers Clerk / Typists Weigh bridge clerks Stores in-charges Vehicle drivers Vehicle fitters and mechanics Electricians Lab technicians Environmental monitoring technicians Medical and first aid personnel Security guards and General labour


OCTOBER 2016 35

4 SITE ANALYSIS

4.1 Connectivity 4.1.1 By Road The project site is situated nearSH 20 which will cater to the need of transportation of MSW treatment & Disposal facility to the integrated solid waste management site. 4.1.2 By Air Nearest airport from project site is Indira Gandhi International Airport New Delhi situated at an aerial distance of 57.0 km in South direction. 4.1.3 By Water The site is landlocked and away from sea or waterways.

4.2 Land form, Land Use and Land Ownership Currently landuse of the site is agricultural and belongs to the Muncipal Corporation of Sonepat. The application for conversion of landuse from agriculture to industrial is in process. The land ownership documents are enclosed as annexure-I.

4.3 Topography along with Map Sonepat is located at 28.98°N 77.02°E. It has an average elevation of 224.15 meters above sea level (735.4 feet). Sonepat borders Delhi, the national capital, to the south, Panipat district to the north, Uttar Pradesh state to the east and Rohtak district to the west. The total area of Sonepat district is 2,260 Sq. Km.Topographically, Sonepat district is divided into three regions, the Khadar, Upland Plain and Sandy Region. Sonepat city lies on the upland plains, which are covered with old alluvium, which, if properly irrigated, is highly productive. The project site lies in plain terrain. The topographic map of the study area is given in Fig.No. 4.1


OCTOBER 2016 36

Figure 4-1: Topographical Map

The district is a continuous part of the Haryana-Punjab plain, but the area is not leveled in some parts. Over most of the district, the soil is fine loam of rich color. However, some areas has sandy soil and others are comprised of Kallar. The plain has a gradual slope to the south and east. The district may be roughly divided into three regions:

The Khadar Along the River Yamuna is a narrow flood plain, 3 to 6 km wide, and is formed by the river along its course. The Khader plain is 20 to 30 ft. lower adjoining upland plain. It is comprised of fine clay loam left by the receding floods of the Yamuna. Presently, rice and sugar cane cultivation is undertaken by the farmers in the Khadar area. Recently, the farmers have started planting Banana,Pappayaand other fruits trees in this area.

The upland plain It consists of Sonepat tehsil lying to the west of the Khadar, and is the most extensive of the three regions: The Upland Plain is covered with old alluvium , which if properly irrigated, is highly productive. Extensive Farming of crops, oil seeds, horticultural plants, vegetables and flowers, is undertaken in this region. The ridges in Gohana tehsil represent the northern most extension of the Aravallis.


OCTOBER 2016 37

The sandy region

A very smaller part of the district is covered with soil comprising of sand or sandy loam. Parts of this region have high PH value leading to kallor land.

4.4 Existing Land Use Pattern The existing land is vacant andwill be developed as Integrated Municipal solid waste processing facility with the combination of following technologies:

1. Power Plant (RDF) 2. Bio Methanation 3. Compost 4. Sanitary Landfill

4.5 Existing Infrastructure 4.5.1 Environment Sensitivity

Table 4-1: Environment Setting of the Study Area Sr.No. Particulars Details

A. Nature of the Project Integrated Solid Waste processing Facility B. Size of the Project 1. Expected Waste Quantity 461 TPD in 2015, 622 TPD in 2025 & 836 in 2035 2. Composting 50 TPD 3. Sanitary Landfill Design Life of Landfill is 20 Years 4. Power Plant 5 MW 5. Bio Methanation 50 TPD C Location Details 1. Village Murthal 2. Tehsil Sonepat 3. District Sonepat 4. State Haryana 5. Latitude & Longitude Sr.

No. Latitude Longitude

A. 29°03'52.0"N 77°06'08.04"E B. 29°03'53.4"N 77°06'08.04"E C. 29°03'53.5"N 77°06'10.0"E D. 29°03'57.0"N 77°06'10.0"E E. 29°03'56.3"N 77°06'12.3"E F. 29°03'57.2"N 77°06'13.5"E G 29°03'58.5"N 77°06'12.0"E H 29°04'01.0"N 77°06'7.0"E I 29°04'01.3"N 77°06'05.7"E


OCTOBER 2016 38

Sr.No. Particulars Details J 29°04'03.7"N 77°06'03.2"E K 29°04'03.6"N 77°06'01.3"E L 29°03'52.1"N 77°06'01.1"E

6. Toposheet No. H43R4, H43X1 D Environmental Settings of the Area 1. Ecological Sensitive Areas No National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Tiger

Reserve, Wildlife Corridor, Reserved Forest 2. River / water body River/ water body Distance Direction

Yamuna River 5.50 Km East 3. Nearest Town / City Sonepat- 5.98 Km; Sonepat – 9.67 Km

4. Nearest Railway Station Sandal Kalan Railway Station at 9.0 km in west Direction 5. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport at 57.0 km in South Direction. 6. State Boundary Interstate Boundary of Haryana and Delhi lies at a distance of 4.46km

Eastfrom the site. 7. Seismic Zone Zone – IV [as per IS 1893 (Part-I): 2002] D Cost Details 1. Total Project Cost 176.87 Crores E Requirements of the Project 1. Water Requirement 114.62 KLD 3. Man Power Requirement (

Skilled and unskilled persons)

Construction phase: 53 Operation phase: 736

4.6 Climate Data from Secondary Source The climate in the region shows broadly four seasonal variations, namely: Winter: December - February Summer: March – May Monsoon: June - September Post-monsoon: October - November Information presented in subsequent paragraphs is from the Indian Meteorological Department(IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 1971-2000,Sonepat. These tables give usefulinformation about a region’s weather, since they are collected over a 30-year period. The temperature of the district is found to be varying between 40.4°C to 5.9°C, the 1st predominant winds are observed to be calm during October – December, NW during winter and summer months.


OCTOBER 2016 39

4.7 Social Infrastructure 4.7.1 Health Murthal has Primary health care centers and private hospitals also Sonepat is served by number of Multispecialty, Superspecialtyhospitals;Sonepat also has a number of Multispecialty and Super specialty hospitals. 4.7.2 Fire and Emergency There are two fire stations within 15 km of the project site. Nearest fire station is at Gannaur which is 11 km in NNW direction of project site. Another fire station is at Sonepat which is 15 km in S direction of the project site.


OCTOBER 2016 40

5 PLANNING BRIEF

5.1 Planning Concept The proposed project is an Integrated Municipal solid waste processing facility. As this is a fresh site basic facilities of infrastructure like admin building, processing area, Laboratory, Leachate treatment system Landfill vehicle parking, Staff vehicle parking, Panel room, Weigh bridge with cabin, Circulation area , internal roads etc. will be developed at the site .Transportation of Solid waste will be carried out through existing road network around the site.

5.2 Assessment of Infrastructure Demand (Physical &Social) Key infrastructure such as hospitals, schools, bank, places of worship and social/ community facilities such as park, market, playground etc. education, health care and community development are available in Sonepat and Sonepat Town.

5.3 Amenities/ Facilities Basic Amenities like public transport, water supply, telecommunications, educational institutions, hospitals etc. are available in Sonepat and SonepatTown.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT PLAN

OCTOBER 2016 41

6 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE In addition to the landfill area, the site shall be provided with the following infrastructure

A. Waste reception facilities B. Haul roads C. Weigh bridge D. Site office E. Top soil storage F. Support services such as electricity, water supply telephones etc G. Site security H. Vehicles and equipment I. Vehicle and equipment maintenance workshops and

A. Waste Reception Facilities The waste reception facilities shall comprise of the following

An approach road to permit two way traffic, metalled and of adequate length to permit the queuing of vehicles Site notice board displaying license conditions, hours of operation and site regulations Secure and lockable gates at the entrance to the site. Cattle grid at the entrance to the waste reception area A weigh bridge of 20 ton capacity capable of weighing 20 -25 vehicles per hour Weigh booking office with all amenities and preferably computer logging facilities By pass lane for non-waste vehicles and emergency services Site administration office for site management with all support services Amenity block with dining room, toilets and washing facilities Small testing laboratory with first aid facilities Designated car park area Adequate store room Work shop for the first line on site maintenance with all spares and support services Adequate site lighting covering all traffic routes

B. Haul Roads The entire stretch of access road shall be upgraded / paved to a minimum of 8 m width (for two way traffic). All the primary haul roads from the public high way to the waste reception area and the landfill operational area shall be treated as permanent roads and should be constructed as per the standards. The secondary arterial roads and temporary roads within the site can be of lesser standards, as the locations of these roads will be changing, following the landfill development. C. Support services The entire area of waste reception area and landfill site shall be provided with electricity and backup generators, potable water supply, communication facilities such as phones and efficient surface water drainage. The exact requirements of all these facilities shall be worked out during the detailed


OCTOBER 2016 42

engineering phase of the project, before execution. D. Site security Security to the whole of landfill area shall be provided for all 24 hours the day. A compound wall all round the site shall be constructed to provide integrity to the site and also serve as noise barrier to the adjoining areas. The wall can be of masonry or any other suitable material / rigid fence. As unauthorized access to the site may pose significant health and safety risks, warning notices and access control shall be provided at the following locations of the site.

Plant and equipment compounds Waste receipt point Leachate and Land fill gas collection and treatment locations and Parts of site undergoing construction Vehicles and Equipment The vehicle and equipment envisaged for the plant operations are as listed below. The number of pumps required shall be estimated as per the pumping needs of the facility operator.

WeighBridge Tracked Bulldozer Tracked Loading Shovel Tracked Backhoe / loader Grader Compactor Dump Truck Tractor and Bowser / Sweeper Van / Pick up Pumps

In addition to the above, adequate firefighting equipment shall also be installed to meet the unforeseen fire accident

E. Vehicle and equipment maintenance and spares In keeping with good working practice, regular machinery inspections shall be undertaken on weekly basis and preventive maintenance should be practiced. Workshop facilities will be provided on site, for routine maintenance and servicing as required. Sufficient holding of spare parts should be maintained, to keep each landfill facility operational on a continuous basis.

6.1 Green Belt Around 33 % of the total project area i.e. 4.95acres (1.99 ha) of land will be developed as green belt. The green belt will be developed considering the native species and CPCB guidelines will be followed

6.2 Connectivity (Road/Rail/Waterways) SH 20 will be used for transportation of MSW; the site boundary is approximately 500 meters from the highway.


OCTOBER 2016 43

6.3 Drinking Water Management During operational phase the water for domestic purpose to the tune of 33.12 KLD will be sourced from Ground water/ Muncipal water supply. Water requirement for other than domestic purposes purposes i.e 81.5 KLD will be sourced from Treated waste water by Municipal co-operation, sonepat. During construction phase 8 KLD water will be required will be supplied by Municipal Corporation of Sonepat.

6.4 Solid and Industrial Waste Management The solid waste from Sonepat will consists of three main constituents i.e. compostable, recyclable and miscellaneous. Compostable and recyclable wastes are very valuable so far as the composting is concerned, while the miscellaneous waste will be disposed off into landfill. The municipal solid wastes generated during operation phase will consist of papers, cartons, Thermocol, plastics, polythene bags, Glass, etc. Solid waste will be generated from households, restaurants, and markets located in Sonepat and Sonepat. The quantity of solid wastes generated will be approximately 461 ton/ day in 2015 and it will reach upto 622 ton/day by year 2025. Life of landfill will be twenty years. Biodegradable waste will be treated at camp site. The recyclable waste will be sold to recyclers.

6.5 Hazardous Waste Generation Generated Spent oil from D.G sets (category 5.1) will be collected and handed over to authorized recyclers. Approximately 300 liter/year used oil will be generated.

6.6 Power Requirement and Supply Source During construction phase power will be sourced from 2 DG set of 500 kva. During operational phase will be supplied by power plant on site so auxiliary power will be uilised within plant and for emergency D.G set will be kept on standby.


OCTOBER 2016 44

7 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMTN PLAN Not applicable as this is an existing site and the ownership of the land is with Muncipal Corporation of Sonepat.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER PROJECT SCHEDULE AND COST

OCTOBER 2016 45

8 PROJECT SCHEDULE AND COST

8.1 Project Cost Total capital cost is INR 176.87 Cores and operation and maintenance cost is proposed to be 6% of Capital Cost i.e. approximately 8.84 Crores.

8.2 Likely Date of Start of Construction The construction work will begin after obtaining statutory clearance from Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change and Consent from State Pollution Control Board.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL

OCTOBER 2016 46

9 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (RECOMMENDATION)

9.1 Social benefits with Special emphasis on the benefit to the local people including the tribal population

The project intends to create a socially, economically and environmentally viable integrated Municipal solid wastemanagement system to develop an environmentally and aesthetically MSW site. The majorobjective is to reduce the solid waste generated in huge quantity and its associated health risks inSonepat and Sonepat town.By reducing adverse impacts on health by proper waste management practices, the resulting consequencesare more appealing settlements. Social benefits are summarized as under: Landfill is a specific location for waste deposition that can be monitored. Jobs will be created for local people. The site could be re-landscaped and built and can be used as parks or farming land on once it has been

filled. The gases given off by the landfill site could be collected and used for heating. The waste products of landfills can be used as direct fuel for combustion or indirectly they can be

processed into another fuel. Organic material can also be separated from a properly designed landfill which will be used

forcompost or production of natural gas. Local waste will be dealt with locally instead of shifting the problem to another area.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION SONEPAT PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE PROCESSING FACILITY IN SONEPAT CLUSTER ANNEXURE

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ANNEXURES Annexure 1: Land Document


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Annexure 2: waste Characterization and Geotechnical studies

1. PROPOSED STUDIES 1.1 Waste Characterization Solid waste is very heterogeneous in nature and its composition varies with place and time. Even samples obtained from the same place (sampling point) on the same day, but at different times may show totally different characteristics. Waste characterization has been done in all the ULBs to find out the physical and chemical components of MSW in Sonepat cluster. The following are characteristics of MSW in Sonepat Cluster:

Table 1: MSW characteristics of Sonepat cluster S.No. Tests Results for

Sonepat MSW sample

Results for Panipat MSW sample

Results for Gannaur MSW sample

Results for Samalkha MSW sample

A Physical analysis 1. Biodegradable waste

(% by wt)

(a) Paper 6.45 12.33 5.97 (b) Cardboard Nil Nil Nil (c ) Textile 9.59 8.22 5.39 (d) Garden & park

waste, non-food organic biodegradable waste material, food waste

38.56 37.75 47.97

(e ) Wood and straw waste

5.16 2.24 6.7

(f) Leather 0.92 2.24 1.54


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S.No. Tests Results for Sonepat MSW sample




2. Non-biodegradable waste (% by wt)

(a) Plastic 24.53 21.12 18.68 (b) Metal 1.47 1.3 0.57 (c ) Glass/ china clay

material 5.9 7.2 2.11

(d) Rubber/ Tyre 1.29 3.9 0.96 3. Miscellaneous

(Electronic waste, batteries, unidentified material) (% by wt.)

Nil Nil 1.54

4. Sand/ Soil/ Clay & Inert (% by wt)

5.71 2.99 8.09

B Chemical Analysis 1. Proximate Analysis

(on received basis) (% by mass)

(a) Ash content 40.55 27.91 44.85 30.92 (b) Moisture 19.24 48.36 26.56 44.62 (c ) Fixed Carbon 25.72 8.58 11.62 9.0 (d) Volatile Matter 14.49 15.15 16.97 15.46

2. Ultimate Analysis (on received basis) (% by mass)


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S.No. Tests Results for Sonepat MSW sample




(a) Carbon content 25.96 8.69 11.88 9.14 (b) Hydrogen content 2.18 6.68 2.41 4.14 (c ) Sulphur content 0.094 0.041 0.031 0.068 (d) Nitrogen 0.38 0.95 0.60 0.93 (e ) Oxygen 30.83 55.72 40.22 54.80 (f) Phosphorus 0.024 0.008 0.016 0.034 (g) pH Value (1%

aqueous solution) 8.44 9.26 9.43 8.69

3. Gross calorific value (cal/ gm) (by bomb calorimeter)

On received basis 1673 987 1189 1018 On dry basis 3646 1911 1619 1838 1.2 Geo Technical Studies Geo technical studies and Topography survey will be conducted to analyse the strength and other characteristics of soil by making borehole in proposed site. Apart from few on site physical strength tests following parameters will be carried out in laboratory:

Table 2: Tests for Geo Technical Studies Sr. No. TESTS/PARAMETERS

1. Sieve analysis - soil texture type and classification, Particle size distribution etc. 2. Hydrometer Analysis 3 Permeability


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4 Field moisture content 5 Bulk & Dry density 6 Specific Gravity 7 Field moisture content and Water retention capacity 8. Liquid & Plastic limit 9. Strength Parameters - Safe bearing capacity, SPT, C and etc.

10. Chemical Analysis – on subsoil water samples and on soil samples for pH, Chlorides, Sulphates, Carbonates

11. Topography Survey

1.2.1 Field Tests The purpose of various field tests required during sub-surface explorations for the foundation of a structure, brief information of these tests has been given below: 1.2.2 Boring and Sampling At the designated project site of proposed ISWM project two numbers of borehole will be carried out upto a depth of 10.00 below ground level or refusal or water table, whichever occurs earlier. The location of these pointswillbeearmarked in field by officials. Depending upon the type of soil in the boreholes, a number of representative undisturbed & disturbed soil samples will be collected from these boreholes at a vertical interval of 1.5 m or from depth at which a change in stratum occurs and undisturbed soil samples at a vertical interval of 3.0 m. 1.2.3 Standard Penetration Test The boring will be supplemented by standard penetration tests (S.P.T.) at 1.5m interval uptothedepth of boring below G.L. These tests will be conducted in accordance with the procedure laiddown in IS:2131-1981 “ Method of Standard Penetration Tests for soils” and N-Values (SoilPenetration resistance) obtained by driving a split spoon sampler 30cm into the ground after giving 15cm of initial seating drive at respective intervals or at change of strata. N value isthe number of blows required to penetrate the SPT


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sampler 30 cm with the help of a drivingimpact load of 63.5 kg hammer when it falls freely from 75 cm height. 1.2.4. Laboratory Tests To know the type of soil and to confirm & supplement the information obtained from field testsabout the nature of soil samples collected from the boreholes, following laboratory tests will also be conducted. 1.2.5 Bulk Density Test Bulk density determinations will be carried out on undisturbed soil samples collected from the boreholes. 1.2.6 Moisture Content Moisture Content of undisturbed soil samples will be determined by oven drying method to measure dry density of soil. 1.2.7 Particle Size Analysis of Soil This will be done as per IS: 2720 (Part-IV) – 1985. Samples collected from the borehole will be subjected to mechanical analysis for particle size distribution and classification of the soil at proposed site. The analysis to be done by wet sieving for particles bigger than 75 micron and by hydrometer analysis for particles finer than 75 micron.

Annexure 3: Site photographs

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