dutch manure policy

Dutch manure policy | November 19th, 2013

Dutch manure policy

Seminar Portugal

Emar GemmekePolicy Coordinator

Dutch manure policy | November 19th, 2013Ministry of Economic Affairs2

Outline of the presentation

1. Dutch manure market

2. Farm Cycle

3. Dutch manure policya. Manure useb. Manure production

4. European level

5. Conclusions


1. Dutch manure market


Facts & figures – livestock numbers

Animals 2008 - 2011 [million #]

Cattle 3.9

Pigs 12.2

Poultry 97.9

Sheep 1.1


Manure production (1)


• Manure production:= 70.000 mln kg manure= 477 mln kg N= 172 mln kg P2O5

• Not equally distributed over the country• Surplus in South and East• Related to Pigs and Poultry farming

• Room for 149 mln kg P2O5 (2011)

• Surplus of 23 mln kg P2O5

Manure production (2)


Allocation of produced manure

Own land

Arable land

Export

Processed


2. Farm cycle


Farm cycle


Farm cycle (inputs)

feed

fertilizer


Farm cycle (outputs)

Plant products

Animal products

Animal manure


Farm cycle (losses)

NH3 CH4

Odour N20 CO2

NH3 CH4 N20 CO2

Odour

CH4 NH3

NO3N2

O

Soil/water

air

NO3 P


Use of N and P fertilisers

Nitrogen (million kg N) Phosphorus (million kg P)

Other productsArtificial fertiliserAnimal manure


Nutrient surpluses


Monitoring – Nitrate in groundwater

Loess

Sand

Clay

Peat

Aim


3a. Dutch manure policy – manure use


Application standards

• For total nitrogen: differentiated with respect to:o Soil typeo Crop, and in some cases: varietyo In some cases: yields

• For total phosphate: differentiated:o Land use (arable land or grassland)o Soil phosphate level


Application standards - phosphate

P2O5 application standards2006 2010 2011 2012

2013GrasslandHigh phosphate level 110 90 90 85 85Neutral phosphate level 110 100 95 95 95Low phosphate level 110 100 100 100 100

Arable landHigh phosphate level 95 75 70 65 55Neutral phosphate level 95 85 75 70 65Low phosphate level 95 85 85 85 85


Application regulations – closed periods

jan mar apr may jun jul oct nov dec

grass on sand

grass on clay/peat

arable land on sand

legend

application allowedapplication is only allowed when a catch crop is grown application not allowed

sep

arable land on clay/peat

feb aug


Derogation

More efficient use of Nitrogen in animal manure

• 170 kg N/ha/yr ---> 250 kg N/ha/yr• 850.000 ha ---> mainly highly productive grasslands• 22.500 farms ---> mainly dairy farms

Annual monitoring:the aim of nitrate directive is realised

Currently The Dutch government 5th Action Programme Nitrates Directive for

2014-2017 is nearly agreed. Again derogation request.


3b. Dutch manure policy – manure production


Vision on Manure:

The balance on Manure market (2011):• Creating a balance between manure production

and manure use from 2015 onwards.

Three routes described:1. Manure processing2. Animal feed3. Fertilizer replacement


Route 1. Manure processing

Goal: Place part of the Dutch animal manure outside the Dutch agriculture.

Examples:• Separating • Drying Export• Pasteurization• Combustion


Manure Processing

• To create enough processing capacity every farmer becomes responsible to process part of the surplus on the farm.

• Mandatory manure processing will start from 1 January 2014• Not equally distributed

Region 2014 2015

South 30 % 50 %

East 15 % 30 %

Other 5 % 10 %


Route 2: Animal feed

Goal: Minerals which are not in the feed, will not be in the manure

Agreement with Farmers and Feed industry:• Decrease the concentration of phosphate in the feed• Innovation to create more efficient feed

Monitoring (2012)

• Decease of 5 mln kg P2O5

Pigs: 3,4 mln kg Cows: 1,0 mln kg Poultry: 0,4 mln kg


Route 3. Fertilizer Replacement

Goal: Upgrading animal manure to an artificial fertilizer

• Market of animal manure decreases• More use of renewable resources• Fertilizers with high efficiency• Contaminants

Examples: Mineral concentrates (fluid fertilizer) Struvite


European levelNitrate Directive• The Netherlands is working on the 5th Action Programme• Nitrate Directive exclude animal manure as source for artificial

fertilizer• NL will look for opportunity for high quality fertilizers from animal

manure

Fertilizer Directive• EU is currently reviewing EU Fertilizer Directive• NL position to create room for fertilizers from

renewable source


To conclude…

• Dutch manure policy focusses on manure use and production.

• Strict rules for manure use are needed to create a market for products from manure.

• Processing, Feed and Fertilizer replacement are all needed to develop a sustainable animal husbandry.

• Innovation is going fast, and regulations need to adapt. Both national and on European level.


“Continuar a trabalhar para o uso sustentável de estrume’’

dutch manure policy

Documents

neutral phosphate level95

low phosphate level95

yieldsfor total phosphate

p2o5manure production

use of n

land use arable land

monitoring nitrate

poultry farmingroom