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TRANSCRIPT
Linking technical and gender aspects of sewage treatment
Nazmun Naher , Gender and IWRM Specialist Gender and Water Programme Bangladesh
• FSM in Bangladesh• Objective of the case study• Field examples related to Gender and sanitation
chain• Author’s Observation
Outline of the presentation
o About 42% of urban inhabitants in Bangladesh have latrines or septic tank
o Only 18% of the capital under sewerage systemo Most sludge is emptied manually o Untreated sludge largely ends up or dumped in
drains, waterways and on marginal lando Most septic tanks and pits are connected directly
with the storm drainage system linked to open water body
Facts in Bangladesh
• Understanding the existing management system of the given WASH facilities e.g. toilet and garbage collection van and
• Observing the performance of the given WASH facilities especially community managed toilet
• How people in the slum maintain the community toilets
• What are the challenges to practice sanitation chain
• Scope of work in the next project
Objectives
Field examples
3 seated CMT with ST, constructed in 2007 in Nasir colony, Chittagong
o Women and Children are main sufferer as they don’t have any alternative and most of the time stay at home
o Sanitation safety chain is not well maintained
o Sustainability will not be achieved
o Practices of lip service is emerged
Field examples
Manually emptying septic tank by sweepers
o Ultra poor, Dalit people are engaged for this kind of yellow/ humiliating job which needs to change
o Example says that always poor are bound to do such kind of undignified, hardest work with less paid because they have no alternative
Field examples
3 seated CMT with ST, constructed in 2007 in Nasir colony, Chittagong
• Dignity of women is not ensured and it results social insecurity when using
• People are not aware of their Rights due to lack of access to information
• It makes them dependable rather than sensitizing
Field examplesAccess of old, disable and children is hampered: after construction of the toilet relevant stakeholder construct two storied building over the toilet, build extra room beside the chamber as they don’t need to spend extra money for the development of land and partition wall etc.
In consequence access to the toilet becomes so congested and desludging is also hampered
2 seated CMT in motijhorna slum, CTG, taken in sept 2013
Technical and financial ChallengesUsually when we look for the location of the toilet; landlord or communities provide the place in the most congested alley, the space under water; the place where construction is not easy and where landlord can’t build house for new tenant
Photo was taken from Wapda baste, Dhaka in may 2013
Challenges to change behaviorsReshaping the waste van.
But we can’t promote community choice always as there should be linkage between people talk and science
Photo was taken in 2013 from Bastohara slum in CTG
Challenges to change behaviorsHaving water then also they are reluctant to clean the toilet
Photo was taken from Bauniabad slum, Dhaka in 2013
Context:oPhysically women are most vulnerable for lack of proper sanitation services in terms of their reproductive health, urinal infection, problems particularly during menstruation and suffer due to lack of privacy and security when using facilities
Scope of work:oMeaningful participation of woman in planning, design etc.oPromoting women’s leadership in the managementoWomen led constructionoSensitizing man to the importance of gender related issues
Gender analysis
o Need Assessment (33% participation of woman)o Work Plan with CBO (mostly male dominant)o Submission of application by userso Feasibility study by Implementing agencyo Site selection for WASH services (initially it is okay
but later on it is changed by human activity)o Selection of technology/design (in some cases
gender friendly)o Construction (male dominant)o O & M (male dominant)
Approach in Practise
This kind of development projects requires:oGood motivation oCapacity build up programme with application of knowledge at different stage so sanitation safety plan can be achievedoStrict follow up and nurturing/coaching for better O & MoAccess to informationoTotal inclusive sanitation plan for a city
Remarks in terms of sustainability
Linking community with Govt. Organizations to make them accountable
INGOINGO
Imp. AgencyImp.
Agency
LICLICService
providers; GOs
Service providers;
GOs
DonorDonor
o Development work should not be stopped in the certain area as the project period is over. It may has many things to do
o Most of the time LIC is not sensitized enough to continue the forward linkage of our initiatives and we left the project
o Inconsistency between strategy and implementation (lip service)
o Our findings (positive or negative) should be reflected in the next phase of the project
o Needs to focus on rehabilitation project along with new programme
Remarks contd.