draft copy health hazards in construction presenter: scott rohlf presented to the north carolina...
TRANSCRIPT
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Health Hazards in ConstructionHealth Hazards in Construction
Presenter: Scott RohlfPresenter: Scott Rohlf
Presented to the North Carolina Association of Higher Education
Facilities Officers 2015
Presented to the North Carolina Association of Higher Education
Facilities Officers 2015
(O) (919) 436-2975, (M) (919) 868-0768, [email protected]
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Learning Objectives
At the end of this program participants will:– Have a better understanding of the types of
health hazards associated with the construction industry.
– Have a better understanding of how hazards can affect the human body.
– Be able to identify potential sources of some common hazards.
– Have a better understanding of how to evaluate and ultimately reduce hazards in the construction industry.
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Health Hazards
Types– Chemical– Physical– Biological
Recognition Evaluation Controls
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Chemical Hazards
4
LIQUID/LIQUID/MISTMIST
LIQUID/ LIQUID/ VAPORVAPOR
FIBERSFIBERS
DUSTDUST GASESGASES FUMEFUME
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Routes of Entry
InhalationInhalation
Absorption/Absorption/ContactContact
IngestionIngestion
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Health Hazards
Acute health effects Chronic health effects Toxic Highly toxic Irritant Corrosive Sensitizer Carcinogen Target organ effects
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Dose and Effect
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Occupational Exposure Limits
Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)
Ceiling Limits (CL)Ceiling Limits (CL)
Action Limit (AL)Action Limit (AL)
Threshold Limit Values (TLVThreshold Limit Values (TLV®®))Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL)Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL)
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Chemical Hazards
Adhesives Asbestos Asphalt Carbon monoxide Cement Dust
– Respirable– Total
Epoxy resins Glues/adhesives
Isocyanates Metals fumes & dusts
– Lead– Hexavalent chromium
Paints Silica Solvents Synthetic mineral
fibers Welding fumes &
dusts
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Asbestos
Uses– Strength/Bonding Properties – Fire/Heat Resistance
Exposure– Inhalation
• Asbestosis• Lung Cancer• Mesothelioma
– Ingestion• Stomach Cancer• Colon Cancer
Heavily Regulated– AHERA– NESHAP– OSHA
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Carbon Monoxide
Engines No Warning Signs Symptoms
– Headache– Nausea– Confusion – Suffocation
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Metals Lead (Pb)
– Particulates – Demo – Fumes – Hot work
Exposures– Inhalation– Ingestion
Regulating Agencies– OSHA– HUD
Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6)
– Fumes – Hot work Exposures
– Inhalation– Ingestion– Skin Contact
Regulating Agencies– OSHA
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Silica
Inhalation Silicosis
– Fibrosis and scarring• Chronic• Accelerated• Acute
– Symptoms Lung cancer Exposure Limit
– OSHA – calc. % silica– ACGIH - constant
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Welding
Fumes and other particulates
Organic by-products Physical
– Noise– Heat– Radiation
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Physical Hazards
ergonomicsergonomics
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Ergonomics
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Radiation
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Noise
Types– Impact– Intermittent
PEL/Action Level Hearing Conservation
– Notification– Monitoring– Training– Audiometric testing– PPE
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Weather
Temperatures – Cold - Hypothermia– Heat
• Heat Stress• Heat Exhaustion• Heat Stroke
Sun and Wind Burns Storms
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Microorganisms Viruses
– Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)– Hantavirus– Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus (Bird
Flu)
Bacteria– Legionella– Escherichia Coli (E. coli)
Fungi– Penicillium– Histoplasma
HIVHIV
HantavirusHantavirus
LegionellaLegionella
E. coliE. coli
PenicilliumPenicillium
HistoplasmaHistoplasma
Bird fluBird flu
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Viruses
West Nile Virus
Hantavirus
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Mold
Aspergillus
Stachybotrys
Cladosporium
HistoplasmaHistoplasma
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Evaluation
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Reducing Hazards
Elimination or substitution Engineering controls Warning Training and administrative controls Personal protective equipment
EF
FE
CT
IVE
NE
SS
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Thank You For Your Time!
Questions and Discussion