draft amusement devices cop

7/25/2019 DRAFT Amusement Devices COP

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AMUSEMENT DEVICES

Code of Practice


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This DRAFT Code has been approved by Safe Work Australia Members and is ready for approval by theSelect Council on Workplace Relations (Ministerial Council ). This Code will become a model WHS Code ofPractice under the Inter- Governmental Agreement for Regulatory and Operational reform in OHS when it isapproved by the Ministerial Council.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................... 4

SCOPE AND APPLICATION ................................................................................................ 4

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 5

1.1 What is an amusement device? ........................................................................... 51.2 Who has health and safety duties relating to an amusement device? .................. 51.3

What is involved in managing risks associated with an amusement device? ....... 6

2.

THE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS .......................................................................... 8

2.1 Identifying the hazards ........................................................................................ 8

2.2

Assessing the risks .............................................................................................. 92.3 Controlling the risks ............................................................................................. 9

2.4 Maintaining and reviewing control measures ..................................................... 11

3. BEFORE USING AN AMUSEMENT DEVICE............................................................... 12

3.1 Buying an amusement device ............................................................................ 123.2

Hiring an amusement device ............................................................................. 13

3.3 Registering plant - amusement devices ............................................................. 133.4 Information, training, instruction and supervision ............................................... 153.5

Installing an amusement device......................................................................... 163.6 Commissioning an amusement device .............................................................. 173.7

Emergency plan ................................................................................................ 18

4. INSPECTING AND OPERATING AN AMUSEMENT DEVICE ..................................... 19

4.1 Inspections ........................................................................................................ 194.2

Operating an amusement device ....................................................................... 20

4.3 Public safety ...................................................................................................... 224.4 Access - entry and exit ...................................................................................... 234.5

Patron restraint and containment ....................................................................... 23

4.6 Working near electricity and electric lines .......................................................... 244.7 Patron responsibility .......................................................................................... 25

4.8

Other control measures ..................................................................................... 27

5.

MAINTAINING, REPAIRING, DISMANTLING AND STORING .................................... 28

5.1 Maintenance, repair and cleaning ...................................................................... 285.2 Decommissioning and dismantling an amusement device ................................. 285.3

Record keeping ................................................................................................. 29

5.4 Storing an amusement device ........................................................................... 305.5

Modifying an amusement device ....................................................................... 30

6. CONTROLLING RISKS: SPECIFIC AMUSEMENT DEVICES ..................................... 32

6.1

Mobile amusement devices ............................................................................... 32


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6.2

Land-borne Inflatable amusement devices ........................................................ 32

6.3 Waterborne inflatable devices ........................................................................... 326.4 Roller coasters .................................................................................................. 336.5 Concession go-karts .......................................................................................... 33

APPENDIX A DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................ 35

APPENDIX B SAMPLE ANNUAL INSPECTION RECORD ............................................. 36

APPENDIX C AMUSEMENT DEVICES CHECKLIST ...................................................... 37

APPENDIX D CHECKLIST FOR OPERATORS ............................................................... 42

APPENDIX E OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION ......................................................... 44


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FOREWORD

This Code of Practice on managing risks associated with the operation of amusement devices isan approved code of practice under section 274 the Work Health and Safety Act (WHS Act).

An approved code of practice is a practical guide to achieving the standards of health, safety

and welfare required under the WHS Actand the Work Health and Safety Regulations (theWHS Regulations).

A code of practice applies to anyone who has a duty of care in the circumstances described inthe code. In most cases, following an approved code of practice would achieve compliance withthe health and safety duties in the WHS Act, in relation to the subject matter of the code. Likeregulations, codes of practice deal with particular issues and do not cover all hazards or riskswhich may arise. The health and safety duties require duty holders to consider all risksassociated with work, not only those for which regulations and codes of practice exist.

Codes of practice are admissible in court proceedings under the WHS Act and Regulations.Courts may regard a code of practice as evidence of what is known about a hazard, risk orcontrol and may rely on the code in determining what is reasonably practicable in the

circumstances to which the code of practice relates.

Compliance with the WHS Act and Regulations may be achieved by following another method,such as a technical or an industry standard, if it provides an equivalent or higher standard ofwork health and safety than the code.

An inspector may refer to an approved code of practice when issuing an improvement orprohibition notice.

This Code of Practice has been developed by Safe Work Australia as a model code of practiceunder the Council of Australian Governments Inter-Governmental Agreement for Regulatoryand Operational Reform in Occupational Health and Safetyfor adoption by the Commonwealth,state and territory governments.

A draft of this Code of Practice was released for public consultation on 8 June 2012 and wasendorsed by the Select Council on Workplace Relations on [to be completed].

SCOPE AND APPLICATION

This Code provides practical guidance for persons conducting a business or undertaking whohave management or control of an amusement device on how to identify hazards, assess andcontrol of risks associated with an amusement device.

This Code applies to amusement devices as defined in the WHS Regulations that are used inthe workplace or in a public place.

This Code should be read in conjunction with the Code of Practice:Managing Risks of Plant inthe Workplaceand the Code of Practice: Safe Design, Manufacture, Import and Supply of Plant.

How to use this code of practice

In providing guidance, the word should is used in this Code to indicate a recommended courseof action, while may is used to indicate an optional course of action.This Code also includes various references to provisions of the WHS Act and Regulations whichset out the legal requirements. These references are not exhaustive. The words must,requires or mandatory indicate a legal requirement exists and must be complied with


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 What is an amusement device?

Amusement devicemeans plant operated for hire or reward that provides entertainment,sightseeing or amusement through movement of the equipment, or part of the equipment, or

when passengers travel on, around or along the equipment.

Amusement devices do not include:

a miniature train and railway system owned and operated by a model railway society,club or association

a ride or device that is used as a form of transport and that is regulated under anotherAct or an Act of the Commonwealth a ride or device used as a form of transport and thatis regulated under another Act or an Act of the Commonwealth for that purpose

a boat or flotation device that is solely propelled by a person who is in or on the boat ordevice that is not attached to mechanical elements or equipment outside the boat ordevice, and that does not rely on artificial flow of water to move

plant specifically designed for a sporting, professional stunt, theatrical, or acrobatic

purpose or activity a coin-operated or token-operated device that:

o is intended to be ridden, at one time, by not more than 4 children who must bebelow the age of 10 years

o usually located in a shopping centre or similar public locationo does not necessarily have an operator.

The designs and items of some types of amusement devices must be registered with theregulator, see section 3.3. of this code.

The definitions of other key terms used in this Code are listed in Appendix A.

1.2 Who has health and safety duties relating to an amusement device?

A person conducting a business or undertaking has the primary duty to ensure, so far as isreasonably practicable, workers and other people are not exposed to health and safety risksarising from the business or undertaking.

This duty requires the person to manage risks by eliminating health and safety risks so far as isreasonably practicable, and if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risks, byminimising those risks so far as is reasonably practicable. It also includes ensuring, so far as isreasonably practicable the:

provision and maintenance of safe plant, including amusement devices

safe use, handling, storage and transport of amusement devices.

A person conducting a business or undertaking with management or control of anamusement devicehas some specific obligations in relation to amusement devices.

If you own an amusement device you will be the person with management or control of thedevice. If you hire or lease an amusement device you may have management or control of thatamusement device and will jointly have responsibility for health and safety with the person youhave hired or leased it from.

Designers, manufacturers, suppliers, importers and installers of amusement devices mustensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the plant is without risks to health and safety. Thisduty includes carrying out testing and analysis as well as providing specific information aboutthe plant or structure.

Designers, manufacturers, importers and suppliers have duties to provide information about theplant to enable other duty holders to fulfil the responsibilities they have in managing the risks


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associated with it. Information must be passed on from the designer through to themanufacturer and supplier to the end user.

Designers and manufacturers of amusement devices should refer to relevant technicalstandards.Importers and suppliers should check devices against relevant standards beforesupplying amusement devices to end users.

Further guidance is available in the Code of Practice: Safe design, Manufacture, Import andSupply of Plant.

Officers,such as company directors, have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure thebusiness or undertaking complies with the WHS Act and Regulations. This includes takingreasonable steps to ensure the business or undertaking has and uses appropriate resourcesand processes to eliminate or minimise risks that arise from using an amusement device.

Workershave a duty to take reasonable care for their own health and safety and to notadversely affect other peoples health and safety. Workers must co-operate with reasonablepolicies or procedures relating to health and safety at the workplace and comply, so far as theyare reasonably able, with reasonable instructions.

Other persons at the workplace, like visitors, must take reasonable care for their own healthand safety and must take reasonable care not to adversely affect other peoples health andsafety. They must comply, so far as they are reasonably able, with reasonable instructionsgiven by the person conducting the business or undertaking to allow that person to comply withthe WHS Act.

1.3 What is involved in managing risks associated with an amusement device?

R.203:A person with management or control of plant at a workplace must manage risks tohealth and safety associated with the plant.

R.32-38: To manage risk, a person conducting a business or undertaking must:

identify reasonably foreseeable hazards that could give rise to risks to health and safety

eliminate risks to health and safety so far as is reasonably practicable

if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate risks to health and safetyminimise thoserisks so far as is reasonably practicable by implementing risk control measures according tothe hierarchy of control in regulation 36

ensure the control measure is, and is maintained so that it remains, effective, and

review and as necessary revise control measures implemented to maintain, so far as isreasonably practicable, a work environment that is without risks to health or safety.

This Code provides guidance on how to manage the risks associated with amusement devicesfollowing a systematic process which involves:

identifying hazards finding out what could cause harm

assessing risks if necessary understand the nature of the harm that could be causedby the hazard, how serious the harm could be and the likelihood of it happening

controlling risks implementing the most effective control measure that is reasonablypracticable in the circumstances

reviewing control measures to ensure they are working as planned

Guidance on managing the risks of plant is available in the Code of Practice: Managing Risks ofPlant in the Workplace.


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Consulting your workers

S.47:The person conducting a business or undertaking must, so far as is reasonablypracticable, consult with workers who carry out work for the business or undertaking who are, orare likely to be, directly affected by a matter relating to work health or safety.

S.48: If the workers are represented by a health and safety representative, the consultationmust involve that representative.

It is important to consult your workers as early as possible when planning to introduce newequipment or make changes that may affect their health and safety.

Consultation involves sharing information, giving workers a reasonable opportunity to expressviews and taking those views into account before making decisions on health and safetymatters.

Consultation with workers and their health and safety representatives is required at each step ofthe risk management process. By drawing on the experience, knowledge and ideas of yourworkers you are more likely to identify all hazards and develop effective risk controls measures.

Consulting, co-operating and co-ordinating activities with other duty holders

S.46:If more than one person has a duty in relation to the same matter under this Act, eachperson with the duty must, so far as is reasonably practicable, consult, co-operate and co-ordinate activities with all other persons who have a duty in relation to the same matter.

Often other duty holders, for example people who install or repair the device or who share theworkplace where it is set up, have a role in ensuring the safety of an amusement device.

It is important that these duty holders consult each other about the risks associated with the useof the amusement device and work together in a co-operative and co-ordinated way to controlthe risks. For example, amusement device owners and operators at festivals, fetes, agriculturalshows or other events should consult with the event organisers about local factors, such as land

stability and underground or overhead services, which may affect the safety of amusementdevices and consult with the device owners on ways to ensure the safety of devices andpatrons.

Further guidance on consultation requirements is available in the Code of Practice: Work Healthand Safety Consultation, Co-operation and Co-ordination.


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2. THE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS

A range of things can go wrong with amusement devices if they are not designed,manufactured, maintained and operated correctly, for example when:

a roller coaster car detaches from the rails

an inflatable jumping castle untethers by wind patrons who are not properly restrained are thrown from amusement devices

amusement devices break down, stranding patrons in uncomfortable or dangeroussituations.

A risk management process that identifies the hazards and controls the risks will help ensurethe amusement device is safe to use.

2.1 Identifying the hazards

Identifying hazards in the workplace involves finding things and situations that could potentiallycause harm to people. Hazards could come from amusement device:

Design and characteristics for example an inflatable jumping castles inherent stability,load carrying capacity, platform height, air supply security and number of anchor points.

Assembly or dismantling for example the need to work at height or inawkward postures.

Set up location for example whether the soft fall area is adequate, localweather and ground conditions, or location of overhead power lines and otherstructures including other amusement devices.

Operation for example whether barriers are able to prevent unauthorisedaccess and the skill and experience of the operator.

Use for example the behaviour of patrons and the influence of their size andweightfor jumping castles, patrons should be of a similar size and weight.

Design, equipment or machine failure, work processes and misuse can each create hazards,including:

Entrapment for example, where people can access moving parts they could becometrapped between the moving parts and other parts of the device.

Entanglement - for example, long hair not restrained or loose clothing.

Electrical for example, from overhead or underground electrical services.

Impact many devices have large moving objects for example, roller coasters which canhit people if access is not prevented. Patrons can be hit by items dropped onto peoplebelow from devices which lift patrons into the air.

Slips, trips and falls for example, on walkways and stairs, or from inadequate restraintson amusement devices.

Noise excessive noise levels can interfere with effective communication betweendevice operators and attendants or lead to temporary and permanent hearing loss ifnoise from device motors or music is too high.

Exposure for example to ultraviolet rays, vibration, or hazardous chemicals.

When identifying hazards you should consider the life cycle of the amusement device, includingtransporting, installing, commissioning, operating, inspecting and testing, maintaining, repairing,decommissioning, dismantling and storing the device.

How to identify hazards

Information can be gathered from a range of sources to help identify hazards, including:

operator manuals and other manufacturer instructions and information for the

amusement device


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discussions with designers, manufacturers, suppliers, importers, maintenancetechnicians, engineers and operators of similar devices

a visual inspection of the amusement device and the operating environment in which itwill be:

o transportedo

installed, erected and commissionedo used, including inspection, maintenance and repairo decommissioned and dismantledo stored

ergonomic and safety requirements of people who use the amusement device

safe entry and exit needs of people who install, erect, use, repair, maintain, clean ordismantle the amusement device

talking to workers about how work is carried out

information from inspections, tests, maintenance and use, e.g. log books and health andsafety records.

If you have hired or leased the device you should consult the person who owns it about

potential hazards, because you both have responsibility for ensuring it is safe and without risk tohealth and safety.

2.2 Assessing the risks

A risk assessment involves considering what could happen if someone was exposed to ahazard and the likelihood of this happening.

Many hazards and their associated risks are well known and have well established andaccepted control measures. In these situations, this second step to formally assess the risk isunnecessary. If, after identifying a hazard, you already know the risk and how to control iteffectively, you may simply implement the controls. Factors which may impact on the risk for thehazards you have identified, include the:

location of the amusement device condition e.g. it age, maintenance history and frequency of use

suitability and stability of the amusement device and supports, e.g. the potential forinadvertent movement during operation

unauthorised operation of the amusement device

entry and exits for patrons and workers

the suitability and effectiveness of patron restraints.

2.3 Controlling the risks

Some control measures are more effective than others. Control measures can be ranked fromthe highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is known as thehierarchy of control.

Eliminating the risk

This means removing the hazard or hazardous work practice from the workplace. This is themost effective control measure and must always be considered before anything else. Forexample, a worker carrying out maintenance work on an amusement device on the groundeliminates the risk of the worker falling from height.

If elimination of the risk is not reasonably practicable, you must consider using substitution,isolation or engineering controls, or a combination of these control measures, to minimise therisk.


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Minimising the risk

SubstitutionMinimise the risk by substituting or replacing a hazard or hazardous work practice with a saferone. For example, ensure patrons are in closed cages rather than open carriages from whichthey might fall.

Isolation

Minimise the risk by isolating or separating the hazard or hazardous work practice from people,either by distance or physical barrier. For example, provide a secure physical barrier around theamusement device to prevent unauthorised entry to the area where the amusement device isoperating.

Engineering controls

Engineering controls are physical control measures to minimise risk, for example:

installing guards to prevent contact with the amusement devices moving parts

designing and installing padding or restraints inside devices where patrons could be

thrown against the sides installing automatic barriers which operate when the device is being unloaded or loaded

to control patron entry and exit.

If a risk then remains, the duty holder must minimise the remaining risk, so far as is reasonablypracticable, by using:

Administrative controls

Administrative controls should only be considered when other higher order control measuresare not reasonably practicable, or to increase protection from the hazard. These are workmethods or procedures that are designed to minimise the exposure to a hazard, for example:

implementing a lock-out procedures so the amusement device is positivelyisolated from its power source while maintenance or cleaning work is done

using warning signs for patrons about safe use of the device and size or heightrestrictions

rotating operators to reduce fatigue and maintain concentration.

Any remaining risk must be minimised, as far as is reasonably practicable, by providing andensuring the use of:

Personal protective equipment

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is the lowest order control measure in the hierarchy ofcontrols. PPE should only be considered when other higher order control measures are notreasonably practicable or to increase protection from the hazard. Examples of PPE include:

ear plugs or ear muffs if noise levels are above the exposure standard after other controlmeasures such as isolation have been implemented

long sleeved shirts and trousers, wide brimmed hat, sunglasses and sun screen toprotect workers against sun exposure

helmets for patrons e.g. when riding go-karts.

Administrative control measures and PPE rely on human behaviour and supervision and usedon their own tend to be least effective way of minimising risks.

Combining control measuresIn most cases a combination of control measures will provide the best solution to minimise therisk to the lowest level reasonably practicable. For example, to control risks associated with aghost train, control measures might include:

locating hazardous special effects behind a see-through barrier (isolation)


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installing patron restraints to prevent people from moving about the carriage or beingthrown from it (engineering)

providing safe ride signs and instructions to patrons (administrative).

2.4 Maintaining and reviewing control measures

R.37:A person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure control measures aremaintained so that they remain effective, including by ensuring that the control measures areand remain:

fit for purpose

suitable for the nature and duration of the work, and

installed, set up and used correctly.

R.38:A duty holder must review and as necessary revise control measures implemented tomaintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that is without risks to healthor safety.

Control measures must be reviewed and if necessary revised to make sure they work asplanned and no new hazards have been introduced, including then there is a change at theworkplace.

You should consult your workers to get feedback on the amusement device and workprocesses. Discuss the following:

Have hazards associated with the amusement device been identified?

Are control measures, for example guards, barriers, patron restraints, working effectivelyin both their design and operation?

Are safety procedures being followed?

Are signs available to help patrons be aware of the conditions of use?

Do workers know of, understand and follow the control measures?

Has an incident or a dangerous incident occurred in relation to the amusement device?If it has, what can be learned from it?

Are legislative requirements such as daily checks and operation without passengersbeing carried out and recorded in log books?

If new legislation or new information becomes available, does it indicate current controlsmay no longer be the most effective?

When deciding how often to carry out a review you should consider the level of risk and the typeof device involved. There may be particular stages in the life of a device where more frequentreviews are needed.

Further guidance on managing risks is available in the Code of Practice: How to Manage WorkHealth and Safety Risks.


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3. BEFORE USING AN AMUSEMENT DEVICE

Before you buy or hire an amusement device you should consider what you will be using thedevice for and whether it is suitable for your needs. You should consult the supplier todetermine whether the device will be suitable. The amusement device checklist at Appendix C

can assist with this process.

3.1 Buying an amusement device

Before buying an amusement device you should check the design and construction is suitablefor the intended use and it meets the relevant technical standards.

Discuss your needs with the supplier and ask for information about the following:

the purpose for which amusement device was designed or manufactured

the results of calculations, analysis, testing or examination

conditions necessary for the safe use of the amusement device.

For some complex amusement devices you should engage a competent person, for example an

engineer, to inspect the amusement device before you buy it. They can provide helpful adviceand assess the information provided by the supplier.

Second-hand amusement devices

R.198:A supplier of plant must:

take all reasonable steps to obtain the information required to be provided by themanufacturer under section 23(4)(a) and (c) of the Act and these Regulations, and

when the plant is supplied, ensure the person to whom the plant is supplied is given theinformation obtained by the supplier.

R.199:A supplier of second-hand plant must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, thatany faults in the plant are identified.

Before plant is supplied, the supplier of second-hand plant must ensure that the person towhom the plant is supplied is given written notice of:

the condition of the plant

any faults identified, and

if appropriate, that the plant should not be used until the faults are rectified.

R.8:A supply of a thing does not include the supply of a thing by a person who does not controlthe supply and has no authority to make decisions about the supply, for example an auctioneerwithout possession of the thing or a real estate agent acting in their capacity as a real estateagent.

A person conducting a business or undertaking that imports, supplies or sells second hand planthas obligations to the person buying or receiving the plant, including for an amusement device.

For further information see section 25 of the WHS Act, regulations 198, 199 and 200 of theWHS Regulations and the Code of Practice: Safe Design, Manufacture, Import and Supply ofPlant.


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3.2 Hiring an amusement device

If you hire an amusement device, both you and the person you have hired it from must ensure,so far as is reasonably practicable, that it is safe to use. During the time the amusement deviceis in your possession you will have control over the amusement device. Duty holders mustconsult, co-operate and co-ordinate activities with each other, so far as is reasonably

practicable.A person who hires an amusement device to another person should check:

the amusement device has been inspected and maintained between each hiring orleasing to identify and if necessary minimise risks to safety

regular amusement device testing has occurred to check if new or increased risks tohealth and safety are present and if more frequent testing is required in the future

test results are recorded in the log book and these records maintained

the log book and maintenance manual are updated in accordance with themanufacturers instructions each time it is hired or leased, erected or installed,dismantled or removed

the customer has information about how to set up and dismantle the device safely if thecustomer is required to setup or dismantle the device

the customer has the manufacturers instructions about how to use, operate and controlthe device, or if not the instructions prepared by a competent person have been given tothe customer.

A person hiring an amusement device should check that:

the device is suitable for its intended use

the inspections and maintenance records are up-to-date in the log book

the supplier has appropriate public liability insurance

the supplier provides information about:o plant registrationo the purpose of the amusement device and its proper useo transporting, handling, setting-up, using and dismantling the device.

3.3 Registering plant - amusement devices

Schedule 5 to the WHS Regulations requires amusement devices covered by Section 2.1 ofAS3533.1:2009 Amusement rides and devices - Design and constructionto be design and itemregistered, with the exception of the following:

class 1 devices

playground devices

water slides where water facilitates patrons to slide easily, predominantly under gravity,along a static structure

wave generators where patrons do not come into contact with the parts of machineryused for generating water waves

inflatable devices that are sealed

inflatable devices that do not use a non-return valve.


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Table 1 Examples of amusement devices which must be registered

Regist rable amusement devices

most powered and non-powered (manually operated) mechanical devices

most jumping castles, horizontal bungy and other continuously blown inflatables climbing walls, giant slides

go-karts

high ropes courses, bridge swinging, bungy jumping

miniature trains not owned and operated by a model railway society, club or association

If your device is not covered by the above list you should seek guidance from the regulatorbefore treating it as not registrable.

You must not allow a registrable amusement device to be used unless it is registered.

Plant design registration

If plant design registration is required by Part 2 of Schedule 5 to the WHS Regulations, a personconducting a business or undertaking that designs an item of plant may apply to the regulator toregister the plant design. Alternatively, a person with management or control of an item of plantmay apply to the regulator for the registration of the plant design.

An amusement device design must also be registered if:

it has not already been design registered, or

you alter the design by modifying the amusement device and the alterations to thedesign may affect health and safety.

When a design is registered, the regulator will issue a design registration number to the personwith management or control of the amusement device. The person to whom the plant designregistration number is issued must give the registration number to the manufacturer, importer or

supplier of plant manufactured to that design. The person with management or control of plantmust keep the design registration number in a readily accessible location near the amusementdevice.

Plant item registration

If registration of an item of plant is required by Part 2 of Schedule 5 to the WHS Regulations, aperson with management or control of an item of plant may apply to the regulator to register thatitem of plant. The purpose of registering an item of plant is to ensure that it is inspected by acompetent person and is safe to operate. The person with management or control of plant mustnotify the regulator if the person no longer has management or control of the item of plant. Theitem registration number must be marked on the amusement device. The number should bepermanently marked, where it can be easily read and seen when the device is assembled andwhere it cannot be damaged or removed.

It is important to make sure an amusement device requiring item registration has been designregistered before it is bought or hired, and the design registration number is supplied with thedevice. If the amusement device is old and does not have a design registration number, contactyour regulator.

Further guidance on plant registration is available in the Code of Practice: Safe Design,Manufacture, Import and Supply of plantand the Code of Practice: Managing Risks of Plant inthe Workplace.


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3.4 Information, training, instruction and supervision

S.19:A person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure, so far as is reasonablypracticable, the provision of any information, training, instruction or supervision that isnecessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety arisingfrom work carriedout as part of the conduct of the business or undertaking.

R.39:A person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure that information, training andinstruction provided to a worker is suitable and adequate having regard to:

the nature of the work carried out by the worker

the nature of the risks associated with the work at the time of the information, training andinstruction, and

the control measures implemented.

The person must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the information, training andinstruction provided under this regulation is provided in a way that is readily understandable byany person to whom it is provided.

There are three main categories of amusement device personnel:

device operators and attendants who are responsible for the day-to-day operation maintenance personnel

competent persons carrying out inspections and testing.

Information and training for operators

Before an amusement device is used workers and operators must be provided with theinformation, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect themselves, patrons andothers. In addition, operators should be provided with regular refresher training.

Information and training should cover:

how to operate the device safely, focussing on the nature of the hazards and riskcontrols, including:

o manufacturer or other written operating instructionso general use of device controls including emergency brakingo speed limits, loads, ride times and frequencieso operator distractions including restrictions on the use of mobile phoneso safe loading and unloading of the deviceo passenger restrictions, e.g. height and weighto procedures to manage patrons who misbehaveo safe waiting and viewing places for spectatorso use and maintenance of safety equipment

device inspection, testing and maintenance procedures

local environmental conditions e.g. weather and the procedures to follow in adverseconditions

local area or location risks where the amusement device is to be operated, includingsafe public viewing areas

emergency training including:o procedures during equipment malfunction or failureo using, fitting, testing and storing personal protective equipment during

emergencies.

Operators and attendants should be closely supervised by a competent person until they cancompetently and safely use the device.

Emergency procedures should be clearly displayed and easily seen by workers and patrons.

Training programs should be practical and hands on and take into account the particular needs

of workers, for example their literacy levels, experience and the specific skills required for safeuse of devices.


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Supervisors should take action to correct unsafe work practices associated with amusementdevice as soon as possible.

Safety information must be provided to anyone installing, commissioning, testing,decommissioning, dismantling or disposing of the amusement device. This should includeinformation on the types of hazards and risks the amusement device may pose to them during

these activities.

3.5 Installing an amusement device

R.204:A person with management or control of plant at a workplace must not commission theplant unless the person has established that the plant is, so far as is reasonably practicable,without risks to the health and safety of any person.

A person with management or control of plant at a workplace must ensure that:

A person who installs, assembles, constructs, commissions or decommissions or dismantlesthe plant is a competent person and is provided with the available information for eliminatingor minimising risks to health or safety.

The processes for the installation, construction, commissioning, decommissioning anddismantling of plant include inspections that ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, thatrisks associated with these activities are monitored.

An installer has a duty to ensure the amusement device is installed, constructed orcommissioned based on the information provided by the designer, manufacturer, importer orsupplier. If information is not available from these people it should be installed, constructed orcommissioned based on health and safety instructions provided by a competent person.

Commissioning an amusement device involves adjusting, testing and inspecting the deviceaccording to the designer or manufactures specifications to ensure it is in proper working orderbefore it is used.

When installing or erecting an amusement device the installer should check: parts are properly aligned and not bent, distorted or cut, e.g. parts should not be force-fit

together

parts which are worn or damaged beyond specified discard criteria or limits are not used

parts requiring lubrication are lubricated regularly and when being erected

fastening and locking apparatus are installed and properly secured if needed for theplant to operate safely

makeshift apparatus is not used, e.g. temporary or makeshift structural supports

artificial lighting is installed where necessary for passenger safety

the device and related safety equipment are kept in good working order and free fromobvious defects

welding is not conducted on load-bearing parts unless by a competent person and thepart is not compromised by the welding

where split pins or taper pins are used in floating spindles, washers are fitted betweenthe pins and adjacent rubbing surfaces

the correct pins, bolts and other connectors are used as specified by the manufactureror a competent person

protective padding is placed over sharp edges.

Site issues

You must identify and manage risks, so far as is reasonably practicable, related to the sitewhere the amusement device is to be operated. This may include:

ground and supporting surfaces, for example:


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o firm and stable ground that can support the weight of the loaded device and plantused to erect or maintain it

o temporary foundations or footings should be able to carry applied loadso supporting surfaces and surrounding areas should be well drainedconsider

potential impact from rain like flooding, poor drainageo where inflatables require anchoring, ensure the ground is suitable to hold the

anchors in place

weather conditions, e.g. high winds

vertical and horizontal clearance between the device and buildings, trees, and overheadelectric lines and underground services and other devices:

o check whether there are overhead or underground electrical or other services inthe area that may impact on the device and its operation

o check the proposed location relative to other amusement devices, buildings andvehicle and pedestrian pathways

safe access for workers, patrons and emergency vehicles

putting in place measures to control the patrons and others public e.g. barriers orfencing around amusement devices.

High risk work licensesA high risk work licence is required to operate certain types of plant, including forklift trucks,boom type elevating work platforms and certain cranes. If this plant is used to erect or install anamusement device the person with management or control of the amusement device mustcheck that the plant operators hold an appropriate licence.

A high risk work licence is required to carry out dogging, rigging or scaffolding work. Dismantlingscaffolding requires the person to hold the appropriate scaffolding licence. Further guidance onscaffolding is available in the Code of Practice: Scaffolds and Scaffolding Work.

Information about the type of activities requiring a high risk work licence can be found inSchedule 3 to the WHS Regulations.

3.6 Commissioning an amusement device

An amusement device should undergo a range of safety tests as part of the commissioningprocess and before it is put into service. Things to consider include, whether:

the device is soundly constructed of proper materials and free from obvious defects

the device is capable of supporting the maximum load to which it may be subjected andof moving safely at the speeds at which it is designed to move

the speed of the device is limited for example, by a governor, within the range specifiedby the manufacturer and operator manuals

the passengers can be thrown out of a device, and if so whether the restraint systemprevents accidental release or release by the passenger

how passenger safety will be maintained if the device or power fails where passengersare normally held in position by dynamic forces

a braking system is necessary, and if so, if it is suitable and effective

a failure of the controls could result in an accidental collision, and if so is the deviceprovided with an emergency braking system to prevent such collisions

parts of the device passengers may touch are smooth, free from sharp, rough orsplintered edges and corners and have no protruding parts e.g. studs, bolts, or screws

part of a device moves over or under people,

people can come into contact with moving parts

devices operated on tracks are provided with anti-rollback apparatus which isautomatically activated if the propelling mechanism fails

inflatable devices have sufficient anchor points


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out-of-balance testing is carried out on amusement devices which include a degree ofout-of-balance loading check there is no adverse vibration, harmonic oscillation ormovement relative to footings and foundations

the integrity of the hydraulic and pneumatic systems and their components is testedregularly

control devices, speed-limiting devices, brakes, other equipment provided so the deviceoperates safely, safety systems and evacuation procedures are tested regularly

electrical testing with reference to relevant technical standards is carried out regularly.

3.7 Emergency plan

R.43:A person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure that an emergency plan isprepared and maintained so it remains effective for the workplace, and provides for thefollowing:

emergency procedures, including:o an effective response to an emergencyo evacuation procedures

o notifying emergency service organisations at the earliest opportunityo medical treatment and assistanceo effective communication between the person authorised by the person conducting the

business or undertaking to co-ordinate the emergency response and all persons at theworkplace

testing of the emergency procedures, including the frequency of testing

information, training and instruction to relevant workers in relation to implementing theemergency procedures.

Emergency procedures must be prepared and relevant workers trained.

A communication system should be in place to allow emergency services to be contacted

quickly. The emergency contact numbers should be displayed where they are easily seen andread.

Emergency lighting and illuminated exit signs should be installed where amusement devicesoperate in enclosed spaces.

Fire fighting and rescue equipment should be available at appropriate locations across the site.

Signs displaying evacuation locations should be displayed where they are easily seen and readby workers, patrons and others at the workplace.

Emergency equipment recommended by the designer or manufacturer should be readilyavailable, including so the device can be moved or rotated to release passengers if the powerfails or the amusement device malfunctions.

Emergency procedures should include information about:

how to use warning systems and what to do when they sound

how to shut-down the device safely

how to use emergency stop systems

how to evacuate the device and the area nearby safely

evacuation points

effective communication between workers near the device to evacuate safely

how to use emergency equipment provided to release passengers from the device in anemergency

training workers to respond to injured people and evacuate people.

Emergency procedures should be communicated to workers as well as to people who use theamusement devices where necessary to manage the risks to their health and safety.


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4. INSPECTING AND OPERATING AN AMUSEMENT DEVICE

4.1 Inspections

An amusement device must be maintained, inspected and tested by a competent personaccording to the manufacturers instructions or in accordance with instructions prepared by a

competent person.

Safety inspections of amusement devices should include the control mechanisms, speedlimiting apparatus, brakes, electrical systems, fastenings and other safety equipment, includingfences and barriers.

Control measures should be implemented to protect the health and safety of the personconducting the inspection, including:

de-energising the amusement device

switching off or isolating the power source to stop the device from accidentally poweringdangerous parts during inspection

dissipating or isolating stored energy, e.g. releasing or containing stored hydraulic

pressure to stop the device moving or collapsing unexpectedly ensuring guards removed during the inspection process are correctly replaced before

the device or part of the device is operated.

The amusement device checklist in Appendix C can be used by a person with management orcontrol of an amusement device to help assess whether regulatory requirements are being met.

Daily inspection

R.238 (2):The person with management or control of an amusement device at a workplacemust ensure that:

the amusement device is checked before it is operated on each day on which it is to beoperated

the amusement device is operated without passengers before it is operated withpassengers on each day on which the amusement device is to be operated, and

the daily checks and operation of the amusement device without passengers are properlyand accurately recorded in a log book for the amusement device.

A daily visual check must be made by the owner or operator before the device is operated.

Before it is accessed by members of the public, another check must be made with the devicerunning under power.

The daily check must be entered into the log book and include the:

date and time of the inspection or test

name of the person who performed the check

information

about defects or problems identified and steps taken to fix them.

Annual inspection

R.241:The person with management or control of an amusement device at a workplace mustensure that a detailed inspection of the device is carried out at least once every 12 months by acompetent person.

For an annual inspection, a competent person is a person who either:

has the skills, qualifications, competence and experience to inspect the plant and beregistered under a law that provides for the registration of professional engineers, or

is determined by the regulator to be a competent person.

The annual inspection must include: a check of the operational history of the device since the last detailed inspection


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a check of the log book for the amusement device

a check that maintenance and inspections have been carried out as required underregulation 240 of the WHS Regulations

a check that required tests have been carried out and that appropriate records havebeen maintained

a detailed inspection of the amusement device which complies with the WHS Act andRegulations, including a specific inspection of the critical components of the amusementdevice.

Relevant technical standards and maintenance manuals should be referred to during the annualinspection.

The annual inspection should include obtaining operating and maintenance manuals for thedevice and observing the device in its various configurations including packed for transport,partly erected, fully assembled and when operating. This may mean the inspection takes placeover a period of time.

The inspection should check:

the condition ofo structural and mechanical components - for example, seating, patron-restraint

devices, pods drive and brake systems, frames and motorso electrical and electronic components - for example, cabling, sockets and

connections

disassembly of critical components of the amusement device and removal of paint,grease and corrosion to allow a complete and thorough inspection

tolerance checking of critical components

non-destructive testing of all critical areas for evidence of cracking, fatigue andexcessive stress.

Non-destructive testingmeans the development and application of technical methods toexamine materials or components in ways that do not impair their future usefulness and

serviceability, in order to detect, locate, measure and evaluate flaws, to assess integrity,properties and composition, and to measure geometrical characteristics.

R.240(2):A person is not a competent person to carry out a detailed inspection of anamusement device that includes an electrical installation unless the person is qualified, or isassisted by a person who is qualified, to inspect electrical installations.

If an amusement device requires electrical installation inspection you must ensure a suitablyqualified and experienced person inspects the installation. The person should then provide asigned statement which is recorded in the log book, indicating the electrical installation is safe touse or operate.

Following the annual inspection a report should be prepared by a competent person and the

inspection recorded in the log book. An example of what should be included in an inspectionrecord is attached in Appendix B.

The annual inspection report and the results of the tests and inspections carried out at the timeshould be kept together and with the log book.

4.2 Operating an amusement device

Before the amusement device is used the person conducting a business or undertaking withmanagement or control of the device should check the operator:

is provided with instruction and training in its safe operation

understands the level of supervision of the device and patrons that is required

is able to check that patrons are safely contained where required.


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The person with management or control of the device should make sure attendants are alsoprovided with instruction and training.

The operator

The person with management or control of an amusement device at a workplace must ensurethe amusement device is operated by a person who has been provided with instruction andtraining to operate the device competently and safely. The operator of an amusement deviceshould:

be trained by a competent person to operate the device

be able to demonstrate they understand and will follow operating procedures

be able to give clear instructions or warnings to patrons and attendants

immediately report faults or malfunctions to the supervisor or owner and stop the device

be familiar with emergency and first aid procedures.

The operator of an amusement device shouldnot:

operate it in a reckless or negligent manner

operate the amusement device faster than the safe operating speed

operate the device in weather bad conditions, such as high winds operate the device without ensuring that safety equipment is provided and functional

board or mount a device while it is moving

enter a hazardous area whilst the device is moving

be under the influence of drugs or alcohol

operate the device when ill

use a mobile phone or other things which may distract the operator

walk away from the device while it is operating, regardless of whether it is carryingpatrons or not.

The operators role includes managing patrons and their behaviour. The operator must comply,so far as they are reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given to them by the person

conducting the business or undertaking. For example, an operator should: not allow a patron who appears to be under the influence of alcohol or drugs or who is

visibly ill onto the device

assist patrons on and off the device when necessary, but only if they have agreed

shut down the device immediately if it is being misused by patrons, e.g. seats beingrocked or patrons standing up when they should be sitting down

be alert when the device is operating and be prepared for an emergency stop

not allow smoking by patrons when on or near an amusement device

be cautious and ready for unexpected behaviour especially from children

ensure an adult accompanies a child where this is necessary for the childs safety

enforce a patron use restrictions e.g. height or size of patrons

keep patrons, waiting to participate, outside of device operating zones.

See Appendix D for a checklist for operators.

Other hazards

During high winds or torrential rain owners and operators should stop the amusement deviceand take precautions to protect peoples safety.

For some devices, such as roller coasters, weather conditions should be continuouslymonitored. If the wind conditions reach the critical condition identified by the manufacturer orsupplier, the amusement device should be cleared and operations stopped immediately or assoon as it is safe to do so.


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4.3 Public safety

The health and safety of other people, for example people in public areas near the amusementdevice, must so far as is reasonably practicable, not be put at risk from work carried out as partof the conduct of the business or undertaking. You should work closely with event organisers onpublic safety issues whenever the amusement device is used during a public event such as an

agricultural show or fete.

Control measures to protect the public include barriers, gates, fences and other physicalmeasures to prevent unauthorised entry.

The risk to unauthorised people entering the area of the amusement device should becontrolled, for example by barriers such as fencing. When permanent or temporary fencing isinstalled around the perimeter it should be checked and maintained to prevent unauthorisedaccess.

Some amusement devices, when kept in one location for long periods of time or overnight, maystill pose a risk to workers and other people. In these cases locks should be fitted to preventunauthorised access. Securing the device should not limit emergency access or the ability of

people to evacuate if necessary. Barriers or locks should be regularly inspected and tested. .Table 2 Permanent and temporary barriers

Permanent Barriers Temporary Barriers

Should:

define the zone

Should:

be at least 900 mm high

be constructed from dedicated materials be easily identifiable, e.g. a distinctivecolour

prevent people from climbing or movingthrough or under them

have signs marked NO ACCESS inlettering 75 mm or bigger

be stable and able to withstandanticipated loads

be secured by installing gates and jointsso there is no weak point for entry

be at least 1 metre higher than adjacentsurfaces

When barriers are installed permanently they should be designed to relevant technicalstandards. If an unsupervised area is to be enclosed to contain equipment or facilities that posea hazard to children for example pools, there are a range of relevant technical standards whichoutline requirements.

Unauthorised people, including children, are more likely to comply with a barrier, for example afence, chain or gate, than a warning sign. In certain circumstances specific security measuresmay be implemented which could include engaging security staff to prevent unauthorisedaccess.

The security of unattended amusement devices should be managed and examples include:

locking electrical switchboards

securing fuels or hazardous chemicals in accordance with regulatory requirements

locking access to operator controls and having safe storage of keys

safe storage of other plant and equipment.


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4.4 Access - entry and exit

An amusement device should be provided with crowd control fences, barriers or other physicalmeasures as necessary to:

assist the orderly queuing of patrons

ensure the safety of spectators, passers-by and other people queuing to use the device

define the safe loading and unloading area provide safe passage for operating staff and patrons

exclude unauthorised people from accessing staff and patron areas.

Access ways for patrons boarding or disembarking from devices should be clearly defined,illuminated where necessary, and free of trip and fall hazards. Passenger loading and unloadingplatforms and similar facilities should be kept clear of debris, obstructions and slipperyconditions.

Gates providing access during maintenance, assembly or inspection should be locked or heldshut with keys or tools while the device is operating.

Entry to operating devices should be by a gate latched from the inside, unless entry is

supervised and defined by a barrier, drop-bar, chain or similar method. If the entry isunsupervised consider using an interlock to the amusement device controls.

Barriers should be kept in a good condition.

Clearly marked exits should be provided for patrons, including those used for emergencyevacuation. Where ambient light is low exit signs should be illuminated. Exit points should befitted with a gate that is secure against entry from outside but provides an obvious means ofopening in the exit mode.

In the event of a power failure, malfunction, fire or unplanned stoppage the amusement deviceshould have facilities to bring the device to a position where patrons can disembark or fixedwalkways, stairs, platforms or hatchways that are readily accessible from sections of the device.

4.5 Patron restraint and containment

Where there is a risk people could fall or be ejected from an amusement device, even as aresult of unexpected behaviour such as panicking or skylarking, the risk should be controlled asfar as is reasonably practicable.

Control methods can include:

enclosing patrons in a carriage or gondola so the patron cannot enter or exit of their ownaccord

containment of the patron and separation distances between them and moving parts ofthe device

providing a restraint device to ensure passengers remain seated for the duration of the

ride using unlocking mechanisms that cannot be accessed by the patron e.g. by having a

centrally controlled interlock mechanism for the operator to disengage the restraintsystem

where the amusement device passes through an enclosed space, providing additionalmeasures to allow for remote emergency release

having screening procedures for patrons to ensure that only those who can beeffectively restrained are permitted to ride

checking patron restraints are in place and patrons are secured before the ride starts.


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4.6 Working near electrici ty and electric lines

R.166:A person conducting a business or undertaking at a workplace must ensure, so far as isreasonably practicable, that no person, plant or thing at the workplace comes within an unsafedistance of an overhead or underground electric line.

If this is not reasonably practicable to ensure the safe distance, the person must ensure that arisk assessment is conducted for the proposed work and control measures implemented areconsistent with the risk assessment and the requirements of an electricity supply authoritywhere it is responsible for the electric line.

Electric lines

Overhead electric lines create significant risks, including electrocution, for people transporting,installing, erecting, operating or dismantling amusement devices. The following should beconsidered:

Will the amusement device go near electric lines, including when transporting,installing, using or dismantling the device? If so, how high are the lines and the device,including detachable parts?

Contact the relevant electrical supply authority to eliminate the energised electricity riskby isolating the electricity supply for the duration of the work

Contact the electrical regulator for information on specific requirements when workingnear electric lines, including safe approach distances and qualifications required forpeople working near electric lines.

Does the amusement device operator have the training and competency to operate ordirect the truck near power lines?

Overhead lines may be hard to see in the sky or hidden by trees.

Is a safety observer in place to watch the amusement device when it is beingtransported, installed or dismantled close to electric lines?

Emergency rescue procedures, including calling the electrical supply authority to

isolate the electricity supply before trying to rescue a person receiving an electricshock.

Most risks can be addressed by observing safe working distances for people and plant workingnear electric lines. Safe working distances will depend on the type of work being carried out andthe voltage of the electric lines.

Further information about electrical safety is available in the Code of Practice: Working in theVicinity of Overhead and Underground Electric Lines and the regulator.

Electrical devices

A person with management or control of an amusement device should check:

electrical inspections have been done on the amusement device and the power supply

equipment and Residual Current Devices (RCD) have been tested and tagged by acompetent person in accordance with regulatory requirements

electrical equipment like power outlets in meter boards and on generators, powercables, extension leads, connection points and RCDs are suitably protected againstbad adverse weather conditions

power cables are secured and protected to avoid slip, trip fall hazards and damagefrom traffic

display lighting and associated cables are in good working order, secured and locatedso they are not hazardous

there are sufficient power outlets to avoid using double adaptors.

If an amusement device requires electrical installation, the person who does the inspection must

be a competent person to inspect electrical installations, or must be assisted by someone who


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is competent to inspect electrical installations. This would normally be someone with electricaltrade qualifications.

Further information about electrical safety is available in the Code of Practice:ManagingElectrical Risks in the Workplace.

Internal combustion generators

If there is an internal combustion generator used to generate power for the amusement device,control measures should be implemented. For example:

putting the generator in an area with sufficient fresh air or venting exhaust gas to anopen area and away from people

ensuring a suitable fire extinguisher is provided near the generator

restricting access to hazardous areas of the generator

using noise attenuation to minimise noise levels.

4.7 Patron responsibili ty

Many incidents can result from inappropriate patron behaviours. In order for the public to enjoy

amusement devices it is necessary for: the operator to enforce the safety requirements

the operator to communicate safety information to the patron

the patron to fully understand the information and instructions provided

patrons to respect and comply with size and weight restrictions, especially on thosedevices specifically intended for use by children.

Table 3 Examples of hazardous patron behaviour

Hazardous patron behaviour

All patrons

Ignoring signposted safety restrictions for example, heightand weight limitations or pre-existing medical conditions

Reaching hands or feet outside the amusement device

Standing up while on an amusement device

Not using seat belts or other safety equipment asinstructed

Overloading an amusement device

Horseplay

Tripping or falling from not paying attention

Turning or twisting head or body on a high velocity device

Riding while tired, dehydrated or intoxicated

Young children

Falling off an amusement devicesome safety equipmenton amusement devices is not designed to restrain children

Getting off an amusement device prematurely due toconfusion, excitement, fear or because they miss theirparents

Putting hands or feet into the machinery

Running or jumping while getting on or off amusementdevices

Signs

The person with management or control of the amusement device should display information onthe possible effects the use of a device may have on patrons. Operators should providenecessary oral instructions for patrons.

Information should be displayed for patrons where they can be easily seen and read near theamusement device. This may indicate there are risks in the participation in or on an amusement


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device and that patrons, by their participation, accept the risks of which a prudent person is orshould be aware.

Signs encouraging patrons to use good judgement and act in a responsible manner should bedisplayed. They should outline patrons have a duty to:

refrain from behaviour which could affect theirs and others safety or which may damage

the device obey reasonable written, and particularly oral, instructions and warnings, given by the

proprietors or operators of a device, without objection.

use the safety equipment provided, whenever participating in a device.

Figure 1 Example of an amusement device safety sign


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Figure 2 Examples of height guides for amusement devices

4.8 Other control measures

Guarding

A guard is a barrier or device which stops a person touching moving parts or accessingdangerous areas of an amusement device. Guarding near amusement devices should beinstalled to stop patrons from accessing parts of the device or from getting clothing or bodyparts caught.

Operator controls

Operator controls should be located or guarded so they cannot be used or activatedunintentionally. Emergency stops should be used in a planned and controlled way wherepossible.

Emergency Stops

Emergency stop devices should not be the only method of bringing an amusement device to astop. They should be designed as a backup to other control measures.

Warning Devices

Warning devices should be used in addition to higher order control measures where there is alikelihood of amusement devices colliding with other amusement device or patrons in the vicinityor to warn of an incident with the device such as fire.

For further guidance on guarding, operator controls, emergency stops, warning devices andisolation procedures see the Code of Practice: Managing Risks of Plant in the Workplace.


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5. MAINTAINING, REPAIRING, DISMANTLING AND STORING

5.1 Maintenance, repair and cleaning

The person with management or control of the amusement device must ensure the amusementdevice is maintained and inspected by a competent person, in accordance with the designers

or manufacturers instructions. If a maintenance manual for the amusement device has beenprepared by a competent person the device must be inspected and maintained in accordancewith the maintenance manual.

A maintenance program for amusement devices assists the person with control of theamusement device in maintaining its mechanical and structural integrity, and in identifying partsthat may be subject to excessive corrosion, wear, fatigue, stress or strain, or in identifying otherrisks to health or safety.

If an amusement device needs to be operated for maintenance or cleaning, the person withmanagement or control of the amusement device must ensure the operator controls:

allow the amusement device to be operated during maintenance or cleaning

cannot be operated by anyone except the person carrying out maintenance or cleaning

allow the device to be operated in a way that the risks, when maintaining or cleaning thedevice, are eliminated or minimised, so far as reasonably practicable.

You should check guards are replaced following maintenance and cleaning, if possible, beforestarting the amusement device but otherwise before restarting normal operation.

Damaged amusement devices should be withdrawn from service until risks to health and safetyhave been assessed and controlled.

5.2 Decommissioning and dismantling an amusement device

R.204:A person with management or control of plant at a workplace must not decommission ordismantle the plant unless the decommissioning or dismantling can be carried out, so far as isreasonably practicable, without risks to the health and safety of any person.

A person with management or control of plant at a workplace must ensure that:

A person who installs, assembles, constructs, commissions or decommissions or dismantlesthe plant is a competent person and is provided with the available information for eliminatingor minimising risks to health or safety.

The processes for the installation, construction, commissioning, decommissioning anddismantling of plant include inspections that ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, thatrisks associated with these activities are monitored.

You must identify foreseeable hazards inherent in the decommissioning and dismantling

process for the amusement device for example, exposure to hazardous substances. Theamusement device should be dismantled according to the designers and manufacturersinstructions.


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5.3 Record keeping

R.237: The person with management or control of the plant at a workplace must keep a recordof all tests, inspections, maintenance, commissioning, decommissioning, dismantling andalterations of the plant for the period that the plant is used or until the person relinquishescontrol of the plant.

R.242:The person with management or control of an amusement device at a workplace mustensure that:

details of the erection or storage of the amusement device (including the date of erection)are recorded in the log book for the amusement device on each occasion on which it iserected or stored, and

the log book and operating and maintenance manuals for the amusement device are keptwith the amusement device.

Log book

A log book is used to keep permanent records about repairing, maintaining and using plant,including copies of inspection reports for an amusement device. It may be kept as a booklet, a

loose-leaf folder or electronically on a computer.

The method adopted to provide and maintain the log will vary depending on the complexity ofthe amusement device and the number of devices owned and operated by a person conductinga business or undertaking.

Where appropriate, separate logs should be kept for additional equipment related to theamusement devices, for example, steam, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, which are not ableto be covered by the general log for the entire device.

A log book and operating and maintenance manual must be kept for each amusement deviceand must be easily accessible to people who need them, including people involved withcommissioning, installing, using, testing, decommissioning, dismantling, storing and disposing

of the amusement device.The log book must be kept with the amusement device.

The log book contains information about the daily inspection and the annual inspection andmaintenance or modifications made to the amusement device.

Information to be recorded in the log book includes:

The amusement device and its classification under AS 3533.1Amusement rides anddevice

draft amusement devices cop

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