WWF Standards of Conservation
Project & Programme Management
Definizione dei Target di conservazione
Versione: Settembre, 2008
Corrado Teofili
WWF Program Management Cycle Initial team Scope & vision Features/targets Context & stakeholders
1. Define
Goals & objectives Strategic activities Monitoring plan Operational plan
2. Design
Workplans & budgets Fund raising Capacity building Partnerships
3. Implement
Incoming data Results & assumptions Operational functions Plans & budgets
4. Analyze/Adapt
Lessons Products Feedback & evaluation Learning culture
5. Share
Gli standards sono stati sviluppati con lo scopo di facilitare i progetti/programmi di conservazione nel:
• descrivere prospettive (vision) a lungo termine
• stabilire presupposti fondamentali (key assumptions),
• sviluppare attività efficaci,
• valutare e misurare i risultati,
• e quindi, se necessario, adattare e diffondere/condividere,
• imparare dall’esperienza, applicando il paradigma della Gestione
Adattativa
Al fine di realizzare progetti/programmi più efficaci ed efficientiThese standards are rooted in a long history of planning and management in WWF, across other conservation organizations, and in other
disciplines.
•They are not meant to be a rigid set of standards that every project must blindly follow, but rather a set of best practices that conservationists can use.
The Adaptive Management “Loop”
Risorsa gestita
Target(OBIETTIVI)
Monitoraggio
Obiettivo raggiunto?
Si No
Programmaalternativo
GESTIONE ADATTATIVA:
un processo di acquisizione sistematica e successiva applicazione di informazioni affidabili al fine di migliorare l’efficacia della gestione nel tempo.
Initial team Scope & vision Features/targets Context & stakeholders
1. Define
WWF’sConservation
Project/ProgrammeCycle
Step 1 - Define
1.1 Program Team - Roles and responsibilities 1.2 Scope & Vision - Maps - Vision Statement
1.3 Biodiversity Targets - Species - Habitats - Ecological Processes
1.4 Context & Stakeholders - Stakeholder Analysis - Conceptual Model - Threats Ranking
STEP 1
Initial team Scope & vision Features/targets Context & stakeholders
1. Define
Action plan Monitoring plan Operational plan
2. Design
WWF’sConservation
Project/ProgrammeCycle
Step 2 - Design
2.1 Action Plan - Strategies (results chains) - Goals (for targets) - Objectives (for threats) - Activities
2.2 Monitoring Plan - Activity Metrics - Financial Metrics - Status Indicators
2.3 Operational Plan - Capacity Assessment - Financial Plan - Risk Assessment - Exit Strategy
STEP 2
Define
1.1 Definizione del gruppo di lavoro e piano preliminare
1.2 Definizione dell’ambito geografico (scope) d’intervento della
prospettiva a lungo termine (vision)
1.3 Definizione dei “bersagli” di conservazione (targets)
1.4 Analisi del contesto e dei portatori d’interesse (stakeholders)
Step 1
Define Targets
Target di biodiversità : gli ecosistemi, le specie, i processi ecologici sui quali un progetto ha deciso di concentrarsi.
I target di biodiversità dovrebbero essere in grado di rappresentare tutta la biodiversità alla scala del sito .
Step 1
Ecosystems
Assemblages of communities that occur together on the landscape; linked by environmental processes
Terrestrial, freshwater, marine
Species
Endemic, area-sensitive, globally or regionally significant
Imperiled, endangered, special concern
Groupings of species with similar conservation requirements
Ecological Processes
Processes that create and maintain biodiversity that are threatened
Hydrologic or fire regimes, migration, protection of nursery & recruitment areas
Define TargetsStep 1
“Lump” conservation targets if they meet all of the following tests:
• Co-occur on the landscape• Require similar ecological processes • Have similar viability status• Have similar threats
Therefore will require similar conservation strategies
Examples• Fish & mussel assemblages• Grasslands & grassland nesting birds• Matrix forest & embedded plant community
Lumping or Splitting Targets?
Example: Bering Sea Targets
• Vision: That the Bering Sea has healthy, abundant, and diverse populations of invertebrates, fish, birds, marine mammals, and people.
• Orca• Gray whale• Beluga whale• Rockfish• Crab• Coral & sponge gardens• Juvenile fish & shellfish• Herring• Pribilof rock sandpiper• Pribilof shrew• Pribilof arctic fox• Aleutian whitlow grass• Black-footed brown lemming• Passerines
Dozens of Biodiversity Targets:
• Kittiwakes• Murres• Cormorants• Northern fur seal• Stellar sea lion• Harbor seal• Pacific salmon• Pollock• Spectacled eider• Walrus• Polar bear• Sea otter• Kelp forests
Example: Bering Sea Targets
• Kittiwakes• Murres• Cormorants
• Northern fur seal• Stellar sea lion• Harbor seal
• Pacific salmon• Pollock
• Spectacled eider• Walrus• Polar bear
• Sea otter• Kelp forests
• Orca• Gray whale• Beluga whale
• Rockfish• Crab• Coral & sponge gardens
• Juvenile fish & shellfish• Herring• Pribilof rock sandpiper
• Pribilof shrew• Pribilof arctic fox• Aleutian whitlow grass• Black-footed brown lemming• Passerines
9 Strategic Targets to Facilitate Planning
• 1. Seabirds
• 2. Pinnipeds
• 3. Pelagic Fish
• 4. Sea Ice• ecosystem
• 5. Sea otter
•6. Whales
•7. Bottom Dwelling• Fish & Crab
•8. Coastal Lagoons• & Freshwater• Wetlands
•9. Maritime• Insular Tundra
Coastal Dunes
Brackish Marsh
Freshwater Marsh
Riverine System
Matrix Forest
Tiger Beetle
Connecticut
River Tidelands
ProjectFunctional Site (Sub-Watershed)
Coastal Dune Complex
Freshwater Marsh
Tiger Beetle
Riverine Syste
m
Brackish Marsh
Functional Site (Proximate Buffer)
Functional Site (River Beach)
Functional Site (Barrier Beach/Dunes)
Functional Landscape (Targets at Multiple Scales)
Matrix Forest
Watershed
The project area is defined by the targets … not vice versa
Il processo di definizione diTarget di Conservazione per la Regione Toscana
processo: 1. individuazione di un set (6-8) di target di
conservazione in grado di rappresentare l’intero panorama della biodiversità regionale.
2. definizione di target “nidificati” sufficienti a rappresentare la complessità della biodiversità a scala regionale
3. individuazione di attributi ecologici (indicatori) adeguati grazie alla misura dei quali sia possibile migliorare nel tempo l’efficiacia delle azioni di conservazione