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andactionHandbook
Water for cities:responding to tHe urban Water cHallenge.
advocacyguide
learn. act. sHare.
Water and Urbanzaton
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Ths publcaton has been developed by UN-Water as an advocacy gude ahead of the
World Water Day 2011 (WWD 2011). Dfferent UN agences are responsble for dfferent aspects of
the WWD 2011. if you have queres, or would lke to share nformaton, please contact the followng
people (contact detals for each of them are lsted below).
For overall coordnaton - contact Bert Dphoorn or Preh Oteno from UN-Habtat.
Webste, vsual dentty/logo desgn and campagn materals contact the UN-Water
Communcaton Manager Ncoletta Forlano.
For meda relatons, the meda kt and the journalsts programme contact Ulrke Kelm from
the UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communcaton (UNW-DPAC).
Contacts:
UN-HABITAT
Bert Diphoorn
Drector
Human Settlements Fnancng DvsonUN-HABiTAT
Tel.: +254-20-7625420
Fax: +254-20-7623588
P. O. Box 30030
Narob, Kenya
E-mal : [email protected]
URL:www.unhabtat.org
UN-HABITAT
Pireh Otieno
Assocate Programme Offcer
Water, Santaton and infrastructure BranchHuman Settlements Fnancng Dvson
UN-HABiTAT
P.O.Box 30030, Narob, Kenya
Tel: +254-2-7623143
Fax: +254-2-7623588
Emal: [email protected]
URL:www.unhabtat.org
UN-Water / FAO
Nicoletta Forlano
Communcatons & informaton Manager
Land & Water Dvson | FAO
Communcatons Manager
UN-Water
Food and Agrculture Organzaton
of the Unted Natons
Vale Terme d Caracalla 00153 ROME - iTALY
Tel:. +39 06 570 54068
Fax: +39 06 570 56275
E-mal: [email protected]
URL :www.unwater.org
UNW-DPAC
Ulrike Kelm
Communcatons and Meda Expert
UN-Water Decade Programme on
Advocacy and Communcaton
Casa Solans - Avda. Catalua, 60 -
50014 Zaragoza - SPAiN
Tel: +34- 976 478 346/7
Fax: +34- 976 478 349
E-mal: [email protected]
www.un.org/waterforlfedecade
inqures can also be drected to:[email protected]
For more nformaton vst the webste:www.unwater.org/worldwaterday
Jon Facebook:www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108
Follow us on: http://twtter.com/UNW_WWD
Post your photos on:www.flckr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/
Subscrbe to the WWD vdeo channel:www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDay
http://www.unhabitat.org/http://www.unhabitat.org/http://www.unwater.org/http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecademailto:wwd2011%40fao.org?subject=http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterdayhttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108http://twitter.com/UNW_WWDhttp://www.flickr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/http://www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDayhttp://www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDayhttp://www.flickr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/http://twitter.com/UNW_WWDhttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterdaymailto:wwd2011%40fao.org?subject=http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecadehttp://www.unwater.org/http://www.unhabitat.org/http://www.unhabitat.org/ -
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Table of ConTenTs
1 Preface 2
2 IntroductiontoWorldWaterDay2011:WaterandUrbanization 2
3 AimsoftheAdvocacyGuide 3
4 TowhomistheWWD2011campaigndirected? 3
5 Sloganandkeymessages 5
6 Keyfactsandinformation 7
7 Usefulknowledgeresourcesonurbanwaterandsanitation 12
8 WorldWaterDay2011outreachandcampaignmaterials 11
a Thelogo 15
b Website 16
c Facebookpage 16
d Twitteraccount 16
e Youtubechannel 16
f Photoreporting 20
g Campaignmaterials 17
h ThemainglobaleventinCapeTownonMarch22nd2011 19
i Mediakit 20
9 Gettingstartedwithyouradvocacy 21
a Setobjectivesandconductresearch 21
b Identifyandunderstandyourtargetaudiences 21
c Developappropriatemessages,methodsandchannels 21
d Establishpartnerships,plansandresources 22
10 PreparingmessagesontheWaterandUrbanisationtheme 23
11 Workingwiththemedia 23
a Sometoolsforworkingwithmedia 24
b Sometipsforradioandtelevisioninterviews 24
12 TheUNsystem 25
13 Referencesforadvocacyresources 25
14 Sharingapproaches 28
a PassonWWD2011campaignmessages,materialsandapproaches 28
b RegisterlocalWWD2011activitiesandevents 28
c Shareinformationabouturbanwatersolutionsandopportunities 28Appendix1-PreviousWWDs 30
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preface
internatonal World Water Day s held every year on 22 March to focus global attenton on the
mportance of water and advocatng for the sustanable management of our water resources.
An nternatonal day to celebrate freshwater was recommended at the 1992 Unted Natons
Conference on Envronment and Development (UNCED) held n Ro, Brazl. The Unted Natons
General Assembly responded by desgnatng 22 March 1993 as the frst World Water Day, and
t has been held annually snce then. Each year, a specfc aspect of water s hghlghted. See
Appendx 1 for more nformaton about the themes of prevous World Water Days.
introduction to World Water day 2011:Water for cities: responding to tHe urban cHallenge
UN-Water 1 s dedcatng World Water Day n 2011 to the theme of Water and Urbansaton,
reflectng the mportance of water n ever-growng urban populatons around the world.
The objectve of WWD 2011 s to focus nternatonal attenton on the challenges and opportuntes
of urban water and santaton management. it seeks both to alert the world to the adverse global
stuaton n urban water management, and to encourage decson-makers to seze opportuntes
to address these formdable challenges. Through showcasng success, t seeks to encouragedecson-makers to ntate and sustan reforms and forward-lookng approaches.
On March 22nd 2011, and n the perod leadng up to and after ths day, a concerted effort wll be
made to:
rase the profle of the urban water challenge and generate
commtment to tackle ths crucal ssue
facltate polcy dalogue and mplementaton partnershps for lastng
water servce mprovements
promote nnovatve solutons to provde safe water and santaton
to growng nformal settlements
The nternatonal campagn ncludes a seres of events and communcaton tools,
ncludng: an UN-organsed conference and exhbton n Cape Town, South Afrca on March
20th, 21st and 22nd; a WWD 2011 webste and campagn materals; new knowledge resources and
a set of outreach actvtes.
The Unted Natons Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABiTAT) s the lead UN agency for
ths years World Water Day. The global WWD2011 event n Cape Town s co-organzed wth
1 UN Water s a commttee whch coordnates the efforts of many UN bodes
whch are nvolved n water-related actvtes.
1
2
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Afrcan Mnsters Councl On Water, the Unted Natons Secretary-Generals Advsory Board
on Water and Santaton, Unted Natons Envronment Programme and UN-Habtat, wth the
support of the South Afrcan Department of Water Affars, the Provncal Government of the
Western Cape and the Cty of Cape Town.
aims of tHe advocacy guide
The ams of ths gude are:
Learnng: to help to communcate the purpose of World Water Day 2011 (WWD 2011)
to ntroduce key nformaton relevant to the theme of WWD 2011: Water and
Urbanzaton
Acton: to encourage advocacy and stakeholder acton towards mprovng urban access
to safe water and santaton
Sharng: to promote nformaton sharng about World Water Day 2011 actvtes, efforts
and events, and also to encourage longer-term sharng of success stores and
other valuable urban-related water knowledge.
to WHom is tHe WWd 2011 campaign directed?
World Water Day 2011 s a global campagn to promote worldwde efforts to rase awareness
and take acton to respond to the challenge of mantanng and mprovng water servces2 n the
context of rapd urbanzaton.
To turn ths WWD 2011 challenge nto successful actvty we need nspred and coordnated
advocacy from water sector-related organzatons and stakeholder, all over the world. The
best way to do ths s to work together and to communcate consstently. We are provdng
communcaton tools and deas to help you as nterested partners - whether you are an
organzaton, a country representatve, a communty, a government, multlateral or donor
agency, nsttuton or an ndvdual - to motvate others to take acton as well. We would also
lke to learn about your experence.
2 Water servces commonly refers to the provson of both water and santaton servces.
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slogan and key messages
The WWD 2011 slogan s Water for ctes: respondng to the urban water challenge and the
am s to communcate messages about fve key aspects (sub-themes) of urbanzaton. These
aspects are lsted here wth messages about ther challenges as well as the postve and actons
assocated wth each of them:
urbaniZation
The mpact of rapd urban populaton growth and the growth of nformal settlements s
the most pressng and urgent challenge n the water sector.
Challenge:
A global surge s
needed to tackle
unprecedented
populaton growth
as well as the
growth of nformal
settlements
n developng
countres.
Postve / Acton Messages:
> Provdng water and santaton servces n the growng populatons
n nformal settlements s crtcal to poverty allevaton.
> Urban envronments provde economes of scale: mprovng urban
water and santaton servces gves the best opportunty to accelerate
achevement of the MDGs.
> Fully ntegrate servng the nformal settlements nto local
government and utlty responsbltes. Water servce provders
should be mandated to ensure water supply n all parts of the cty
rrespectve of property rghts.
sanitation and pollution
The mpact of ndustralzaton, water polluton, lack of santaton and envronmental
degradaton (on land, n fresh water and marne envronments) needs greater recognton
and attenton.
Challenge:
Urban waste has value n
terms of energy, agrculture
and ndustry. its collecton
and reuse can have economc
and socal beneft, protect
the envronment (especally
downstream users) and
mprove health.
Postve / Acton Messages:
> Jon the 5-year drve to meet the santaton MDGs by 2015.
> Utltes and local governments should take on
professonal management of santaton and waste
management as part of ther core busness.
> Recyclng, such as phosphorus from sewage, can provde
an economc return and ncrease securty n food supply.
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governance and management
improve governance; deepen the reform of local government,
cty and utlty management.
Challenge:
Utlty reform and buldng the capacty of
local government s crtcal to mprovng
servce performance. Key reforms are:
strengthenng government leadershp,
capacty and oversght, transparent
regulaton, rng-fenced water fnance,
professonalzaton or corporatzaton,
prvate-sector partnershps and
accountablty to consumers.
Postve / Acton Messages:
> Buld and mantan a broad-based
allance of urban stakeholders
supportng an agreed program of reform.
> Reduce unaccounted for water to
mprove effcency, ncrease water
avalablty and strengthen revenue.
> Tackle corrupton n urban water
management.
investment and finance
increase nvestment and sustanable fnancal management of urban water supply,
santaton/sewerage, wastewater treatment and storm water nfrastructure.
Challenge:
Fnance-strapped
governments cannot
meet all the fnancal
requrements for urban
servces: natonal
and local nvestment
strateges should
moblze addtonal
fnancng fromdfferent sources
e.g. the 3 Ts - tarffs,
taxes and transfers.
Postve / Acton Messages:
> Use the servce provders own revenues to leverage further
prvate and non- tradtonal fnance sources: ths s crtcal for
servce expanson and sustanablty.
> Restructure water tarffs for sustanable urban water
provson: revenue should am (at least) to meet the full costs
of O&M, retan the value of water assets and gve targeted
subsdes to the poor.
> Countres should develop a growth path and wthn thatgrowth path, decde what should be done frst; prorty should
be to maxmze use of avalable resources.
> Government enttes should lead the fght for sustanable water
servces by payng ther blls.
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environmental impact and climate cHange
impacts on the envronment from clmate change, conflcts and natural dsasters pose
huge challenges for urban water and waste management.
Challenge:
Ctes depend on resources
drawn from the natural
envronment and wll bear the
mpact of extreme clmatc
events. Ensurng that the
envronment has the capacty to
sustan tself s a precondton
for human survval.
Postve / Acton Messages:
> Adaptaton to clmate change and threats to
the envronment wll requre cty and utlty
management to take greater account of the
nterdependent nature of water resources
and urban delvery systems.
> Close the loop n urban water and waste water
management by ncorporatng protecton of
ecosystems.
> The envronmental mpact of ctes extends
downstream as well as upstream.
Capturng water n the cty (e.g. ran-water
harvestng) and reusng / recyclng water reduces
both up- and down-stream negatve mpacts on
water qualty and quantty.
> Urban development plans should antcpate urban
growth and systematcally nclude water supply,
wastewater collecton and treatment, ranwater
management, floodng protecton and potentalenvronmental and clmate change mpacts.
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key facts and information
Key facts and fgures
Every second, the urban populaton grows by 2people.
5 million cty resdents are jonng the urban populaton n the developngworld each month.
95% of the urban populaton growth n the next decades wll take placen the developng world.
in Afrca and Asa the urban populaton wll double between 2000 and 2030.
827.6 million people lve n nformal settlements, often lackng adequatedrnkng water and santaton facltes.
27% of the urban populaton n the developng world does not have pped waterat home.
250-500 m of drnkng water leaks from the supply systems n manymega ctes each year.
493 million people n ctes share ther santaton facltes.in 1990 ths number was 259 mllon.
One n four cty resdents worldwde 794 million in total lve wthoutaccess to mproved santaton facltes.
A lack of safe water and santaton n ctes leads to cholera, malariaand diarrhoea.
The poor pay more. Someone lvng n an nformal settlement n Narob pays5 to 7 tmes more for a ltre of water than an average North Amercan ctzen.
Urban trends
Today, one n two people on the planet s an urban dweller and the worlds ctes and towns are
growng at an unprecedented rate. Accordng to UN-HABiTATs State of the Worlds Ctes
2010-2011 report , vrtually the whole of the worlds demographc growth over the next 30 years
wll be concentrated n urban areas - a stark contrast wth the pattern that prevaled between 1950and 1975, a perod characterzed by a much more balanced splt between urban and rural areas.
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By 2050, the world urban populaton s expected to double, ncreasng from 3.3 bllon n 2007
to 6.4 bllon n 2007 to 6.4 bllon n 2050.
The Unted Natons estmates that vrtually all of the worlds populaton growth wll be absorbed
by the urban areas of the less developed regons, whose populaton s projected to ncrease from
2.4 bllon n 2007 to 5.3 bllon n 2050. Between 2007 and 2025, small urban centers wth
fewer than half a mllon nhabtants are expected to absorb nearly half of the expected ncrease
n urban populaton.
Among the less developed regons, Latn Amerca and the Carbbean have an exceptonally hgh
level of urbanzaton (78 per cent), hgher than that of Europe. Afrca and Asa, n contrast,
reman mostly rural, wth 38 per cent and 41 per cent respectvely, of ther populatons lvng
n urban areas. Over the comng decades, the level of urbanzaton s expected to ncrease n all
major areas of the developng world, wth Afrca and Asa urbanzng more rapdly than the rest.
Although emprcal evdence ndcate that urbanzaton has helped reduce overall poverty by
provdng new opportuntes, rasng ncomes and ncreasng the numbers of lvelhood optons,
urban populaton growth n some less developed regons has been accompaned by rse of urban
poverty.
Nearly 40% of the worlds urban growth s the growth of nformal settlements. informal
settlements are growng at an unparalleled rate. Between 1990 and 2001 the worlds nformal
settlements ncreased at a rate of 18 mllon people a year, but ths s projected to ncrease to
27 mllon new nformal settlement dwellers per year between 2005 and 2020.
Ctes are complcated nsttutonal enttes: dfferent approaches are needed for dfferent types
of urban envronments. Rsng nsttutonal urban challenges n the water sector also nclude:
ncreasng nequty, excluson and margnalzaton of pockets of the populaton, corrupton n
urban water transactons and weak governance.
Water and cities
Access to water s vtal to the locaton and growth of ctes, and to the survval of ther ctzens. As
ctes and towns grow and ther populatons ncrease, water scarcty s becomng an ncreasngconstrant to urban development. Between 1998 and 2008, 1052 mllon urban dwellers ganed
access to mproved drnkng water and 813 mllon to mproved santaton. However, the urban
populaton n that perod grew by 1089 mllon people and thus undermned the progress. 1 out of 4
cty resdents worldwde, 789 mllon n total, lve wthout access to mproved santaton facltes.
497 mllon people n ctes rely on shared santaton. in 1990, ths number was 249 mllon.
The stuaton s worse n less developed regons. it s estmated that almost half a bllon people
who requre water and santaton servces wll be added to urban populaton n the Sub-Saharan
Afrcan countres wthn the next 25 years.
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Urbanzaton s enlargng the areas and number of people un-served by publc water supply
utltes. Ths results n more people, especally the poor who lve n urban nformal settlements,
who are forced to buy ther water from non-state provders (NSPs)/water vendors, usually
at a prce estmated to be between 20% - 100% hgher than that charged by the utlty.
in Sub-Saharan Afrca, t has been estmated that between 30% - 60% of the urban populaton
s not connected to the publc water supply system, and are served by NSPs.
in the urban half of the world, publc polces promotng access to safe water and santaton
are beng outpaced by demographc growth. Despte provdng access to water and santaton
servces to hundreds of mllons of addtonal people n towns and ctes, current polces have
been unable to prevent the stuaton worsenng. Wth the rapd urbanzaton that took place
between 1990 and 2008, the urban populaton not usng water from an mproved source
ncreased by 40 mllon, and the urban populaton not usng mproved santaton ncreased by
260 mllon3.
Comparng the latest UN fgures4 from 2008 wth those from 2000, the ntal year of the
Mllennum Development Goals programme, a clear deteroraton n urban access can be seen.
The proporton of the urban populaton that benefts from satsfactory access to drnkng water
or santaton decreased.
The challenges ahead
infrastructure for new water sources s more costly to develop. Facng greater water resource
constrants and wth growng water demand, sustanable urban water management requres
ctes to plan wth the whole rver-basn n mnd, requrng new sklls and approaches. Lack of
control of cty wastes results n ncreasngly polluted water sources. Ths results n envronmental
degradaton, hgher costs n water treatment and negatvely affects agrculture and the prospects
of exports.
investments n nfrastructure have not kept up pace wth the pace of urbanzaton. Water
and waste servces have not been gven the prorty they deserve, and they show sgnfcant
undernvestment, n comparson wth ts economc, socal and envronmental returns.
Water servces are undervalued n terms or prorty and nvestment and water s under-prced
(Afrcan water utltes forgo $1.8 bllon n revenues aganst the costs of water producton).
3 Source: AquaFed -internatonal Federaton of Prvate Water Operators - meda releases of September 6 2010
and September 7 2010. See: www.aquafed.org. Fgures based on UN-Water Global Annual Assessment of
Santaton and Drnkng-Water (GLAAS) 2010:12.
See: http://www.who.nt/water_santaton_health/glaas/en/
4 UN global statstcs on access to water and santaton are provded by the Jont Montorng Programme [JMP]
of WHO and UNiCEF whch bulds on natonal surveys.
Ther fndngs are avalable at webste:www.wssnfo.org
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/glaas/en/http://www.wssinfo.org/http://www.wssinfo.org/http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/glaas/en/ -
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Utltes n most developng countres are characterzed by hgh unaccounted for water, bloated
staffng, weak governance and fnancally unvable operatons. Whlst there are some mportant
exceptons (and much can be learnt from those who have made good progress), n general
water utltes n developng countres have a sgnfcant way to go n mprovng effcency and
effectveness.
The poor n ctes receve the worst cty servces, f they receve them at all: pped water coverage
s declnng n many settngs and yet the poor pay the hghest water prces, often for poor qualty
water from alternatve sources or the resale of cty water.
Few urban authortes n developng countres have found a sustanable soluton to urban
santaton. Many ctes and towns cannot afford to extend sewers to the nformal settlements;
nor can they treat the volume of sewage already collected; nor have they found an acceptable
on-ste soluton to the urban poor. Sold waste dsposal s a growng threat to health and the
envronment. Urban sector nsttutonal arrangements are fragmented; lack effectve regulatonand roles are not structured for effcency or success.
There s growng evdence that the water sector wll also be sgnfcantly affected by clmate
change, partcularly through the mpact of floods, droughts, or extreme events. Water avalablty
s expected to change, both n quantty and qualty. Water, storm water and wastewater facltes
wll face greater rsk of damage caused by storms, floods and droughts. The effect of clmate
change wll mean more dffcult operatons, dsrupted servces and ncreased cost for water and
wastewater servces.
Urban water opportunities
The glass s not only half empty. Urbanzaton also brngs wth t opportuntes for more effcent
water management as well as for the provson of drnkng water supply and santaton servces
to many people. Ctes are generators of wealth and employment, ncubators of nnovaton
and creatvty, and provde the best opportuntes to mprove lvelhoods. Ctes gve great
economes of scale and opportuntes for effcency to nfrastructure development, ncludng
water, sewerage and santaton servces. Because of the ablty to serve many people n a cty, the
urban water and santaton MDGs are more achevable than those n rural areas, where there sgreater poverty and the dsbursed nature of rural settlement ncreases costs.
Urban envronments gve the poor the best chance of mprovng ther level of water servces.
The ctes of the future offer the opportunty for ntegrated urban management. For water
management, ths could mean adopton of more effcent water treatment technologes,
ncreased re-use of water and wastes, better optmzaton of the nterdependency between
water and power and mproved demand management. Future urban envronments can take
better advantage of economes of scale and scope (thereby ncreasng effcency and promotng
equty through lower costs of provson), reduce the costs of water provson, mprove access
to servces n adjacent rural areas, desgn sustanable tarff and subsdy schemes and mnmzeenvronmental and downstream polluton.
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Key urban water management reforms
There s no sngle pathway to sustanable urban water management: much depends on context.
Recent studes (such as a recent study of Chle and Peru) have dentfed some generc success
factors. A key factor s the ablty of the
state to take leadershp (not relyng on
external processes), developng professonal
capacty and sustanng the mplementaton
of complex publc polces over tme (such
as regulaton and the provson of targeted
subsdes).
The most effectve reforms have been gradual
changes bult on realstc and pragmatc
judgments wthn the scope of countrysactual capactes, rather than sweepng,
bg bang changes. Ths ncludes careful,
stepwse engagement of publc-prvate
partnershps and government dscplne
concernng crtera for nvestng fscal
resources, nsstng on adequate returns.
Decentralzed and centralzed approaches
have worked. Key s to separate out clear
publc sector roles, whlst retanng the
confdence from corporate management,
nvestors and the publc.
Another crtcal success factor s to develop
a tarff system that not only recovers all
the costs of servce provson (operaton,
mantenance, nvestment, acquston of
water rghts), but that also generates profts
for owners (be they prvate nvestors or the state). Ths can take tme to develop, and generally
requres some form of socal tarff to assst the poorest communtes and a regulatory system tocontrol tarff ncreases.
For useful addtonal readng, vst the
webste and go to the secton About World
Water Day . You can download any of the
followng resources:
State of the Worlds Ctes 2010/2011-Ctes for All: Brdgng the Urban Dvde.
Sold Waste Management n the Worlds
Ctes: Water and Santaton n the
Worlds Ctes 2010.
Water and Ctes Facts and Fgures
Meda Brefs on:
Water and Ctes
Water and Urbanzaton
Ctes Copng Wth Water
Uncertantes
Water Qualty and Santaton
Ctes and Ther Rural Surroundngs
WWW.unWater.org/WorldWaterday
http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/ -
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useful knoWledge resources on urban Water
and sanitation
There are many water sector-related organzatons around the world whch have focused ontacklng urban water and santaton challenges, and have knowledge resources based on ther
approaches and experences. A selecton of these s lsted below, wth ther webste detals, as
useful references for follow up nvestgaton.
AfWA
The Afrca Water Assocaton (n French and Englsh) provdes conference documents,
newsletters and s a mouthpece for many Afrcan water agences.
www.afwa-hq.org
Aqua-Fed
An nternatonal federaton of prvate operators has news and nformaton of prvate urban
operators as well as a paper on urban trends.
www.aquafed.org
BPDWS
The Busness Partnershp for Development for Water and Santaton s an nternatonal
networkng organzaton wth nformaton on publc, prvate and cvl socety partnershps,
many of whch are n urban envronments.www.bpdws.org
DFID
The Brtsh internatonal Development Department has a focus on water and santaton wth
many global research and development ntatves, many relevant to urban challenges.
www.dfd.gov.uk
GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit),
was formerly GTZGiZ has longstandng experence and resources n urban water sector reform.
www.gtz.de/en/
IRC
The internatonal Water and Santaton Center has publcatons, news, and nformaton on
conferences and current water and santaton approaches, many of whch have relevance n
urban settngs.
www.rc.nl
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IWA
The internatonal Water Assocaton brngs together 10,000 water professonals on research
and practce. iWAs key themes nclude: Ctes of the Future and Managng Water Utlty Assets.
www.wahq.org/Home/
IWMI
The internatonal Water Management insttute supports a global network of research agences
focusng on many aspects of water management, ncludng Water Avalablty and Access;
Productve Water Use;Water Qualty, Health and Envronment; andWater and Socety.
www.wm.cgar.org
SIWI
The Stockholm internatonal Water insttute s a polcy nsttute that seeks sustanable solutons
to water problems ncludng current and future water, envronment, governance and human
development ssues.
www.sw.org
SUWASA
USAiD supports a regonal ntatve on Sustanable Water and Santaton n Afrca whch seeks
to mprove water and santaton servce delvery n Sub-Saharan Afrca.
www.usad-suwasa.org
SWITCH
SWiTCH s an acton research project co-funded and mplemented by the European Unon wth
many partners world-wde whch focuses on mprovng urban water management.
www.swtchurbanwater.eu
UN-Habitat
The Drectorate of Water, Santaton and infrastructure leads UN-Habtats work on water and
waste n urban envronments.
www.unhabtat.org
UNSGABThe Unted Natons Secretary Generals Advsory Board on Water and Santaton s an ndependent
Board to advse the UN Secretary General and galvanze actons of water and santaton ssues,
ncludng a recently announced 5 year drve to meet the santaton MDG by 2015.
www.unsgab.org
UN-Water
UN-Water coordnates the work of the many UN and multlateral bodes workng n water
and santaton.
www.unwater.org
http://www.iwahq.org/Home/http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_1/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_2/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_3/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_4/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/http://www.siwi.org/http://www.usaid-suwasa.org/http://www.switchurbanwater.eu/http://www.unhabitat.org/http://www.unsgab.org/http://www.unwater.org/http://www.unwater.org/http://www.unsgab.org/http://www.unhabitat.org/http://www.switchurbanwater.eu/http://www.usaid-suwasa.org/http://www.siwi.org/http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_4/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_3/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_2/index.aspxhttp://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Research_Themes/Theme_1/index.aspxhttp://www.iwahq.org/Home/ -
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UN Interational Decade for Action. Water for Life, 2005-1015
The prmary goal of the 'Water for Lfe' Decade s to promote efforts to fulfll nternatonal
commtments made on water and water-related ssues by 2015. Focus s on furtherng cooperaton
at all levels, so that the water-related goals of the Mllennum Declaraton, the Johannesburg
Plan of implementaton of the World Summt for Sustanable Development, and Agenda 21 canbe acheved.
www.un.org/waterforlfedecade/water_ctes.html
Water aid
Water Ad s a UK based charty whch promotes practcal solutons of water, santaton and
hygene mprovement n Afrca, Asa and the Pacfc. Ther web-ste s a useful source of
advocacy materal.
www.waterad.org/uk/
WSP
The Water and Santaton Program, admnstered by the World Bank, provdes case studes and
analyss of urban water supply and santaton ssues.
www.wsp.org/
World Bank
The World Bank s a vtal source of data, statstcs, research and nvestment fndngs as well as
program nformaton on urban development, urban strategy, urban water and waste ssues.
www.worldbank.org
http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/water_cities.htmlhttp://www.wateraid.org/uk/http://www.wsp.org/http://www.worldbank.org/http://www.worldbank.org/http://www.wsp.org/http://www.wateraid.org/uk/http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/water_cities.html -
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World Water day 2011 outreacH
and campaign materials
Thelogo
Wth a smple hand drawn font, resemblng the most
basc of stencls (a now common urban grafft practce)
and wth varous pctoral elements affected by water and
urbanzaton, the logo adorn the theme Water for ctes:
respondng to the urban challenge.
A modular system s developed, wth dfferent color schemes
appled to dfferent language logos, wth the conography
movng to dfferent postons on the globe.
The result s a strong brand that s dverse n ts approach to
mult-lngual content and llustrates the broad aspect of urbanzaton; ctes, slums, vllages
and the people lvng there.
The 2011 World Water Day logo s avalable onlne n 2 formats (eps and jpg). The eps formats
of the logo are nfntely scalable and are the most approprate hgh qualty versons for all use.
The logo should be clearly vsble, and not be placed on a complcated background.
Further materals and nformaton s avalable on the offcal World Water Day 2011 Webste:
www.unwater.org/worldwaterday
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WebsiTe
AUN-Water World Water Day 2011 website has been created wth a range of nformaton
tools, campagn resources and deas for promotonal materals avalable for people to download
and use. it also offers a place for everyone to share photos and regster nformaton about ther
WWD 2011 actvtes and events from around the world. The webste s hosted by UN-Water and
wll be updated on a regular bass before WWD 2011, on the 22nd March 2011 tself and after.
Vst the webste at:www.unwater.org/worldwaterday
Facebookpage
A Facebook page s avalable and has already offered the platform for an open dalogues.Lke the page and jon the dscusson here:
www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108
TWiTTeraccounT
A Twtter account offers a contnuous feed of nformaton and news about the Urbanzaton
theme and the publcs engagement. Jon ths at:
http://twtter.com/UNW_WWD
YouTubechannel
On Youtube we host a Channel to whch you may subscrbe, follow, share and lke the vdeos we
publsh. Subscrbe here:
www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDay
phoToreporTingPhoto reportng wll be requested. Photographc mages of water resources and water and
santaton servces n ctes wll be added to photo-galleres on the WWD 2011 webste, Facebook
and n Flckr for others to see.
www.flckr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/
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http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterdayhttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108http://twitter.com/UNW_WWDhttp://www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDayhttp://www.flickr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/http://www.flickr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/http://www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDayhttp://twitter.com/UNW_WWDhttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday -
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campaignmaTerials
Branded campagn tools and products have been desgned and produced to help people wth
ther advocacy events and actvtes. These nclude:
a multlngual WWD 2011 logo
posters
banners
buttons for webste use
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an offcal WWD 2011 brochure
a Frequently Asked Questons resource to provde teachers and the meda wth
ready to use nformaton to create awareness among students and communtes
electronc backgrounds for computers and moble phones
a template desgn for T-shrts
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ThemainglobalevenTincapeToWnon
march22nd2011.
An nternatonal conference and exhbton wll be held n Cape Town, South Afrca hosted by
the Government of South Afrca, n collaboraton wth UN-Water, the Afrcan Mnsters' Counclon Water (AMCOW), the Unted Natons Secretary General's Advsory Board on Water and
Santaton (UNSGAB), the Unted Natons Envronment Programme (UNEP) and the Unted
Natons Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABiTAT). The exhbton and far wll be open
for three days from 20th - 22nd March, and the conference wll be on the World Water Day
tself - March 22nd. Key features of the conference nclude lve connectons to other world ctes
throughout the day, a Mayors Caucus and a Hgh-level Panel.
Connecting Cape Town to the World.World Water Day s celebrated throughout the
world by hundreds of organzatons and thousands of ndvduals. in 2011, UN-Water wth
the assstance of the World Banks, Global Development Learnng Network (GDLN) wll
make WWD on 22nd March a truly a global event. Partcpants from other countres wll
be connected n "real-tme" throughout the day to the debates and dalogues takng place
at the Cape Town internatonal Conference Center (CTiCC). The mornng sesson wll
connect Fj, Bangkok and Manla to the debate, around noon, Zaragoza and Amsterdam
wll be lnked and n the afternoon Washngton and Ro wll jon the celebratons. A typcal
GDLN sesson durng World Water Day 2011 wll focus on the challenges and opportuntes
of water and urbanzaton. Partcpants are water experts, professonals and supplers
from around the world, workng n government, non-governmental organzatons, and
the meda. These partcpants wll contrbute wth suggestons and recommendatons toconclude the debate on WWD 2011.
Mayors Caucus. The Mayors Caucus wll brng together promnent mayors, internatonal
Assocaton of Local Governments (iCLEi), representatves of development banks and
nternatonal organzatons workng wth local governments to dscuss water and santaton
challenges confrontng local governments. The Panel wll also branstorm deas, ncludng
polcy and nvestments, requred to mprove the water and santaton stuaton n a rapdly
urbanzng world.
High-Level Panel. The Hgh-Level Panel wll comprse celebrtes, heads of Unted Natons
agences and promnent personaltes from the meda and prvate sector. it wll summarze
the outcome of the WWD 2011 global celebratons based on nputs from the regons and
provde polcy gudance based on a varety of approaches and deas for acceleratng efforts n
reachng the Mllennum Development Goal targets for water and santaton.
For more nformaton about the programme of the man Cape Town event, and about many
other events organzed by nternatonal partner organzatons n the days leadng up to March
22nd, updates wll be avalable on the webste:
www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/events
H
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mediakiT
Meda Resources, Facts and Fgures you may download from:
www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/about.html
Water and Ctes - Reader
Water and Ctes - Facts and Fgures
Water and Ctes - Facts and Fgures - A Snapshot
Water and Ctes (Meda Bref)
Water and Urbanzaton (Meda Bref)
Ctes Copng Wth Water Uncertantes (Meda Bref)
Water Qualty and Santaton ( Meda Bref)
Ctes and Ther Rural Surroundngs (Meda Bref)
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getting started WitH your advocacyTo organze successful awareness-rasng or advocacy campagns for World Water Day, your
communcaton needs to be planned n a strategc way and some preparaton work s necessary.
There are many possble ways to plan and mplement advocacy efforts. The followng s a bascgude, wth a focus on three man ssues: messagng, methods and meda. For more nformaton,
please see the lst of advocacy resources provded n secton 13 below.
seTobjecTivesandconducTresearch
identfy the most mportant urban water ssues or challenges n your area, country or
regon, along wth areas of good progress made and potental solutons whch could be
appled elsewhere.
Collect nformaton about the challenges and solutons/opportuntes. Fnd usefulwebstes and meda sources for ths research.
identfy objectves for what you would lke to acheve from the advocacy communcaton
e.g. a shft publc opnon on an ssue, or promotng a new polcy, or encouragng
a measurable change n a specfc behavour. (What would you lke people to thnk,
feel and/or do?)
idenTiFYandundersTandYourTargeTaudiences
identfy your man target audences, ncludng the decson-makers who have powers tomplement desred changes, and those ndvduals or groups who can best nfluence the
decson-makers. Who needs to be moblzed to take acton, and who can help moblze them?
Your audences may nclude: polcy makers; publc or prvate sector water provders;
poltcans; government offcals; local authortes; specfc decson-makers such as
Fnance / Water Mnsters, Mayors or Cty Managers; development planners; educators;
communty-based organsatons or cvl socety groups; organsed labour; ndustry
assocatons; relgous leaders, the meda; celebrtes, advsors or nfluental people or
any of a range of other stakeholders dependng on the ssue or the advocacy objectve.
Learn as much as you can about your target audences knowledge, atttudes and
practces related to urban water ssues and the knd of changes you would lke to
advocate. (Conduct opnon research f possble). Understand what ther concerns and
nterests are, so that you can package your nformaton and drect your advocacy efforts
n a way that s most relevant to them and s most lkely to nfluence them.
developappropriaTemessages,meThodsandchannels
Plan the most effectve messages, communcaton channels and advocacy
methods/actvtes to reach and nfluence your dfferent target audences.
Explore the best ways to moblze decson-makers who can mprove urban water
and santaton servces.
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A large range of advocacy methods, actvtes and events are possble, dependng on what
target audence you are engagng, what you want to acheve n your partcular stuaton
and what resources are avalable. Some mght am for awareness/educaton, others mght
am for partcpaton. in some cases the target audence wll be thousands of people,
n some cases just one ndvdual decson-maker. Sometmes a lghter/entertanng
approach wll work best, and at other tmes the topc needs to be addressed very serously.
Some actvtes cost a lot, some cost very lttle.
Gven the dversty of advocacy needs and methods n the world, ths gude can only offer a few
generc examples or deas of advocacy actons to plan for WWD.
Get persuasive information to decision makers. E.g. a short brefng sheet
delvered nto ther hands, makng a strong case for why change needs to happen and
the postve steps they can take to make t happen.
Stimulate dialogue between key stakeholders. Through forums, a hgh-levelround table or panel dscusson or communty meetngs.
Send an open letter to a Minister or City Manager. Publsh t n the meda, wth
backng support from a range of stakeholders.
Take people on a site visit. Show decson-makers or polcy-makers thngs that they
need to see and help fx.
Produce materials for mass media use. Develop well-made and useful promotonal
meda products whch can be used by mass meda publshers or crculated usng socal
meda or networks e.g. an audo-vsual/ vdeo clp, a rado show, a vral emal, tradtonal
meda e.g. newspapers etc.
Stage a big public event. Rase awareness through stagng a concert, a play, a meda
opportunty, a hgh level debate, a march or a protest.
Lobby local politicians. Show how the changes you want can wn them votes.
Engage those who can influence or advise leadership. Meet wth the people
who leadershp trust and lsten to. if they understand the ssues, what s at stake and how
to help, then they can help advse or can nfluence the decson-makers n government,
water provders, development agences etc.
Organse a petton, a competton or a quz.
Hold a workshop or seminar on the topic. Create the opportunty for more
n-depth understandng of the ssues.
Get interviewed on talk radio.
esTablishparTnerships,plansandresources
Moblze partners to assst you wth organsng and mplementng your WWD advocacy
ntatves. Dependng on where you are and what you are tryng to acheve, partner
organsatons could be communty-based organsatons or non-government/ publc-beneft/
non-proft organsatons who have smlar development objectves, or local companes
who could perhaps help wth provdng resources, or the local meda to help promote theevent and ts cause etc. For example, approach local partners wth an outlne of objectves
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and planned actvtes for WWD and ask for ther nvolvement and support. Explan how
ther partcpaton can be of beneft to them.
Work wth the meda as an essental partner n any WWD advocacy effort.
Based on all of the above, develop an advocacy acton strategy/ plan, and use t to
motvate for and rase or allocate the fnancal and other resources to be able to
mplement t.
Plan how you wll montor and asses/evaluate the mpacts of your efforts.
Spread the word about the WWD 2011 theme messages and your advocacy actvtes
to your own organsatons nternal and external audences, va your newsletters,
nformaton materal, etc.
preparing messages ontHe Water and urbanisation tHeme
Collect and analyse nformaton on urban water ssues n your cty/country/regon,
usng the WWD 2011 message gudelnes provded above.
Facts based on sold research are crucal to any advocacy campagn.
Although many global statstcs exst, local data wll be most persuasve for local
decson-makers and nterestng to the meda.
Once you have collected and analysed nformaton, transform t nto key messages
and stores that your target audences wll relate to, and that wll help acheve yourawareness rasng and advocacy goals.
Package the nformaton and adapt the messages accordng to the dfferent nterests
and needs of the varous target audences.
Publcze and promote the work done by you or your organzaton to mprove the stuaton.
Working WitH tHe media
The meda s clearly one of the most effectve ways to communcate messages to large audences
n awareness-rasng campagns lke WWD. Workng successfully wth the meda requres good
plannng and preparaton.
Each meda organsaton or channel has dfferent audences, covers dfferent geographcal
areas and focuses on dfferent types of subject matter or style of delvery.
Approach only those whch match your WWD advocacy nterests.
Make sure your story s newsworthy. News meda wll be most nterested n nformaton
that s about somethng new, surprsng and compellng, or wth an mpact on the publc.
Provde nformaton n the format whch suts each type of meda .e.g. a rado news
programme mght want short sound btes of only a few sentences.
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someToolsForWorkingWiThmedia
Meda release
Meda conference or brefng sesson
intervews
Artcles (ether on request and proactvely produced)
Usng webstes
Specalzed meda materal e.g. a meda kt ncludng WWD 2011 messages and
nterestng facts and fgures
Story deas for WWD theme ssues
Workshops or short brefng sessons related to the WWD theme for journalsts
or edtors. (Meda staff are usually tme-pressured and they tend to prefer
shorter brefng sessons.)
Leverage gettng free edtoral coverage
if you can fnd a sponsor, pay for advertsng space or advertorals.
someTipsForradioandTelevisioninTervieWs:
Make sure you have dentfed the message/s you want to transmt, based on
your advocacy objectves, and you have accurate and sgnfcant nformaton
collected and prepared n advance.
Request questons for the ntervew before t takes place to prepare yourself
or your spokesperson. Negotate the questons f necessary and pont out
mportant ssues the journalsts mght have forgotten or whch you would lke
them to focus on. (Or send a set of your own ntervew questons as a possble
gudelne.)
As your spokesperson, choose a representatve of your organzaton/offce
who s most lkely to be able to mpress the audence n terms of ther subject
knowledge and also ther personal charm/charsma.
in rado and televson ntervews, the person ntervewed has to be a good
speaker and be able to come to the pont quckly. They should speak slowly
and not use sentences that are too long or explanatons that are too techncal.
Use concrete/ practcal examples that wll be of nterest for the audence. Prepare just a few core messages you want to communcate, as most ntervew
opportuntes are bref. if t s a longer ntervew then fnd ways to keep your
answers drected at these core messages, even f t means repeatng them usng
dfferent words, facts or explanatons.
Rehearsng the ntervew n advance, and preparng for a range of possble questons (even some
you mght not want to answer), s always a good dea.
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tHe un system
Contact the Unted Natons informaton Center/s (UNiCs) of your country or regon for
nformaton on local UN communcaton capacty and for support for your events, publcatons,
nformaton materal, translaton nto local languages etc. There are 63 UNiCs around the world.
See http://unc.un.org/ or see the drectory of UNiCs at:
www.un.org/aroundworld/uncs/englsh/drectory.htm
Contact UN offces/programmes/agences n your area and nform them about the
WWD 2011 and your actvtes. WWD 2011 s beng coordnated by UN-Habtat, so be sure
to nform UN-Habtat offces of your actvtes.
Usually UN agences have Communcaton Departments e.g. UNESCO -PBi- n Pars,
and UNEP -DCPi- n Narob . These can also help wth communcatng WWD 2011.
The UN Water Decade Programme for Advocacy and Communcaton (UNW-DPAC) sresponsble for the meda relatons of UN-Water and the World Water Day. For help wth or
queres about meda relatons, contact Ms. Ulrke Kelm at the contact detals lsted earler
n the document.
The Unted Natons Department for Publc informaton, based n New York, also handles meda
relaton requests and sends nformaton through ts database.
See: http://unc.un.org/aroundworld/uncs/en/whoWeAre/aboutDPi/ndex.asp
or http://unc.un.org/aroundworld/uncs/en/contactUs/ndex.asp
references for advocacy resources
For organzatons or ndvduals nterested n advocacy ntatves, there are a range of gudes
and resources whch have been developed to help. Some are specfc to the water and santaton
sector, and some are more general development-related resources whch have useful deas and
methodologes whch can be appled to the water and santaton servces sector. A selecton of
some of the most relevant publcatons and organzatons follow.
keYWaTersecToradvocacYguidedocumenTs:
De Jong, D. (2003). Advocacy for Water, Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene.
Thematic Overview Paper. iRC internatonal Water and Santaton Centre: Delft,
Netherlands. it ncludes many further references for other useful advocacy resources.
www.rc.nl/redr/content/download/4154/47972/fle/advocacy.pdf
End Water Poverty- Santaton and Water for All. (2010)Advocacy Guide: UN High-Level
Plenary on the MDGs.
www.endwaterpoverty.org/documents/advocacy_gude_mdg_2010_summt.pdfOr:www.endwaterpoverty.org/mdg2010
12
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http://www.un.org/aroundworld/unics/english/directory.htmhttp://unic.un.org/aroundworld/unics/en/whoWeAre/aboutDPI/index.asphttp://unic.un.org/aroundworld/unics/en/contactUs/index.asphttp://www.irc.nl/redir/content/download/4154/47972/file/advocacy.pdfhttp://www.endwaterpoverty.org/documents/advocacy_guide_mdg_2010_summit.pdfhttp://www.endwaterpoverty.org/mdg2010http://www.endwaterpoverty.org/mdg2010http://www.endwaterpoverty.org/documents/advocacy_guide_mdg_2010_summit.pdfhttp://www.irc.nl/redir/content/download/4154/47972/file/advocacy.pdfhttp://unic.un.org/aroundworld/unics/en/contactUs/index.asphttp://unic.un.org/aroundworld/unics/en/whoWeAre/aboutDPI/index.asphttp://www.un.org/aroundworld/unics/english/directory.htm -
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Green, J. (2003) Advocacy guide to private sector involvement in water services.
Tearfund and Waterad: London.
www.waterad.org/documents/psp_advocacy_gude_tf_and_wa.pdf
Ldonde R. A., De Jong D., Barot N., Nahar B. S., and Maharaj N. Edtors: Ldonde R. A. andDerbyshre H. (2003)Advocacy manual for Gender and Water Ambassadors. Gender
and Water Allance: Delft, Netherlands.
www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publcatons/advocacy-manual-gender-water-
ambassadors
Or: www.genderandwaterallance.org
Waterad (2008) Improving water and sanitation governance through citizens voice.
www.waterad.org/documents/plugn_documents/wa_nep_mprovng_watsan_
governance_ca_dec2020.pdf
WSSCC and Waterad (2003)Advocacy Sourcebook. A guide to advocacy for WSSCC
co-ordinators working on the WASH campaign.
www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publcatons/advocacy-sourcebook-gude-
advocacy-wsscc-co-ordnators-workng-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8
bd9e
World Health Organsaton (2005) Celebrating water for life: The International Decade
for Action 2005-2015. (Produced ahead of World Water Day n 2005.)
www.who.nt/water_santaton_health/2005advocgude/en/
Water integrty Network (WiN) fghtng corrupton n water worldwde (2009)Advocacy
Guide. A toolbox for water integrity action.
www.waterntegrtynetwork.net/page/3336
WaTer-secTororganizaTionsWiThuseFul
advocacYresources:
IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
For example, see Resources on Partcpatory Approaches and Communcaton for Water and
Santaton Programmng.
http://www.rc.nl/page/119
UNICEF
The UN lead agency for chldren also has a strong focus on water and santaton advocacy.
http://www.uncef.org/wash/ndex_documents.html
b
http://www.wateraid.org/documents/psp_advocacy_guide_tf_and_wa.pdfhttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-manual-gender-water-ambassadorshttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-manual-gender-water-ambassadorshttp://www.genderandwateralliance.org/http://www.wateraid.org/documents/plugin_documents/wa_nep_improving_watsan_governance_ca_dec2008.pdfhttp://www.wateraid.org/documents/plugin_documents/wa_nep_improving_watsan_governance_ca_dec2008.pdfhttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-sourcebook-guide-advocacy-wsscc-co-ordinators-working-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8bd9ehttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-sourcebook-guide-advocacy-wsscc-co-ordinators-working-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8bd9ehttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-sourcebook-guide-advocacy-wsscc-co-ordinators-working-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8bd9ehttp://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/2005advocguide/en/http://www.waterintegritynetwork.net/page/3336http://www.irc.nl/page/119http://www.unicef.org/wash/index_documents.htmlhttp://www.unicef.org/wash/index_documents.htmlhttp://www.irc.nl/page/119http://www.waterintegritynetwork.net/page/3336http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/2005advocguide/en/http://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-sourcebook-guide-advocacy-wsscc-co-ordinators-working-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8bd9ehttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-sourcebook-guide-advocacy-wsscc-co-ordinators-working-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8bd9ehttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-sourcebook-guide-advocacy-wsscc-co-ordinators-working-wash?rck=36dd2f59198aef6b2c5837238dc8bd9ehttp://www.wateraid.org/documents/plugin_documents/wa_nep_improving_watsan_governance_ca_dec2008.pdfhttp://www.wateraid.org/documents/plugin_documents/wa_nep_improving_watsan_governance_ca_dec2008.pdfhttp://www.genderandwateralliance.org/http://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-manual-gender-water-ambassadorshttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/resource-publications/advocacy-manual-gender-water-ambassadorshttp://www.wateraid.org/documents/psp_advocacy_guide_tf_and_wa.pdf -
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Water Aid
For a range of Water Ads advocacy resources/ publcatons see:
http://www.waterad.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publcatons/4935.asp?
Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Dsplay=r
esults
The Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) -
Global WASH Campaign
For a range of ther advocacy resources see:
http://www.wsscc.org/resources/advocacy-materals
WSP
The Water and Santaton Program has a strategc communcaton theme.
www.wsp.org/wsp/featuresevents/features/communcatons-core-water-santaton-
reforms
World Bank
The World Banks Development Communcaton (DevComm) ntatve.
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSiTE/EXTERNAL/TOPiCS/EXTDEVCOMMENG/0,,m
enuPK:34000201~pagePK:34000189~pPK:34000199~theStePK:423815,00.html
Examples of relevant publcatons WB development communcatons resources are:
Mefalopulos, P. (2008) Development Communication Sourcebook. Broadenng the
Boundares of Communcaton. The World Bank: Washngton D.C.
http://steresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/
DevelopmentCommSourcebook.pdf
Tufte, T and Mefalopulos, P. (2009) Participatory Communication. A Practical
Guide.World Bank Workng Paper No 170. The World Bank: Washngton D.C.
http://steresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/
Partcpatorycommuncaton.pdf
World Bank Development Communcaton (Date unknown). Communication for WaterReform. A Guide for Task Team Leaders. World Bank, Washngton D.C.
http://steresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/
commwaterreformfnal.pdf
Mozammel, M and Schechter, G. (2005) Strategic Communication for Community-
Driven Development. A practical guide for project managers and communication
practitioners. The World Bank: Washngton, D.C.
http://steresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/
cddcommgudefna.pdf
http://www.wateraid.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publications/4935.asp?Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Display=resultshttp://www.wateraid.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publications/4935.asp?Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Display=resultshttp://www.wateraid.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publications/4935.asp?Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Display=resultshttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/advocacy-materialshttp://www.wsp.org/wsp/featuresevents/features/communications-core-water-sanitation-reformshttp://www.wsp.org/wsp/featuresevents/features/communications-core-water-sanitation-reformshttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTDEVCOMMENG/0,,menuPK:34000201~pagePK:34000189~piPK:34000199~theSitePK:423815,00.htmlhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTDEVCOMMENG/0,,menuPK:34000201~pagePK:34000189~piPK:34000199~theSitePK:423815,00.htmlhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/DevelopmentCommSourcebook.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/DevelopmentCommSourcebook.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/Participatorycommunication.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/Participatorycommunication.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/commwaterreformfinal.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/commwaterreformfinal.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/cddcommguidefina.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/cddcommguidefina.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/cddcommguidefina.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/cddcommguidefina.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/commwaterreformfinal.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/commwaterreformfinal.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/Participatorycommunication.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/Participatorycommunication.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/DevelopmentCommSourcebook.pdfhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTDEVCOMMENG/Resources/DevelopmentCommSourcebook.pdfhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTDEVCOMMENG/0,,menuPK:34000201~pagePK:34000189~piPK:34000199~theSitePK:423815,00.htmlhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTDEVCOMMENG/0,,menuPK:34000201~pagePK:34000189~piPK:34000199~theSitePK:423815,00.htmlhttp://www.wsp.org/wsp/featuresevents/features/communications-core-water-sanitation-reformshttp://www.wsp.org/wsp/featuresevents/features/communications-core-water-sanitation-reformshttp://www.wsscc.org/resources/advocacy-materialshttp://www.wateraid.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publications/4935.asp?Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Display=resultshttp://www.wateraid.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publications/4935.asp?Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Display=resultshttp://www.wateraid.org/uk/what_we_do/documents_and_publications/4935.asp?Keywords=437&Subject=&Author=&Country=0&Language=0&Sort=Date&Display=results -
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someoTherinTernaTionalorganizaTions dedicaTedTodevelopmenT-relaTedcommunicaTion andadvocacY,WiThuseFulresources:
The Communication Initiative Network.
www.commnt.com
The Communication for Social Change Consortium.
www.communcatonforsocalchange.org/publcatons-resources
The Social Marketing Institute
www.socal-marketng.org/papers.html
Sustainable Development Communications Network
www.sd.org/sdcn/
sHaring approacHes
WWD 2011 s a group effort by partcpants from around the world. The WWD 2011 campagn
wll maxmze ts outreach and mpact wth contrbutons from as many organzatons and
people as possble.
passonWWd2011campaignmessages,maTerials andapproaches
The campagn nformaton content and promotonal materals avalable on the WWD 2011
webste are there to be used, and the ntenton s that they are dssemnated as broadly as
possble. So please feel free to send them on to others who you know mght be nterested.
regisTerlocalWWd2011acTiviTiesandevenTs
The WWD 2011 events and actvtes are lkely to acheve more f they are well publczed and
supported. Everyone s encouraged to share nformaton about ther local or natonal WWD
events and celebratons, by regsterng them on the WWD 2011 webste.
www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/events
For ncluson n the Events Calendar and interactve Map, please send the followng nformaton.
Event ttle (you can also add a VERY short event descrpton)
Event organzers
c
14
a
b
http://www.comminit.com/http://www.communicationforsocialchange.org/publications-resourceshttp://www.social-marketing.org/papers.htmlhttp://www.iisd.org/sdcn/http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/eventshttp://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/eventshttp://www.iisd.org/sdcn/http://www.social-marketing.org/papers.htmlhttp://www.communicationforsocialchange.org/publications-resourceshttp://www.comminit.com/ -
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Event venue
Contact nformaton
Event webste (f avalable)
shareinFormaTionabouTurbanWaTer soluTionsandopporTuniTies
The campagn wll also beneft by people sharng success stores and case studes of urban water
and santaton solutons, nterestng opportuntes and lessons learned from past experences.
People can learn from others around the world, and can hopefully make faster progress wth
ther own urban water polces and programmes. By dong ths, WWD 2011 can make a long
term dfference beyond the 22nd of March 2011.
Organzatons and ndvduals who are nterested n sharng nformaton or photos, can contact:
Ms. Nicoletta Forlano
(UN-Water Communcatons Manager c/o Food
and Agrculture Organzaton of the Unted Natons)
e-mail: [email protected];
skypename: ncoforlano
telephone: +39 06 570 54068 (Rome, italy)
You may also send nformatons drectly to:[email protected]
or share photos, vdeos and content on:
Flckr:www.flckr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/
Facebook:www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108
Twtter: http://twtter.com/UNW_WWD
Youtube:www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDay
c
mailto:wwd2011%40fao.org?subject=http://www.flickr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/http://www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108http://twitter.com/UNW_WWDhttp://www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDayhttp://www.youtube.com/user/UNWaterWorldWaterDayhttp://twitter.com/UNW_WWDhttp://www.facebook.com/pages/UN-Water-World-Water-Day/370578007108http://www.flickr.com/groups/worldwaterday2011/mailto:wwd2011%40fao.org?subject= -
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appendix 1 - previous WWds
Each year, World Water Day highlights a specific aspect of water.
2010 Water Quality
Water Qualty was the theme n 2010, hghlghtng ts mportance alongsde the quantty of
our precous water resources. The ntenton was to rase awareness about sustanng healthy
ecosystems and human well-beng through addressng the ncreasng water qualty challenges
n water management. Stakeholders were encouraged to proactvely address water qualty e.g.
n polluton preventon, clean up and restoraton, and to promote nnovatve solutons to reduce
the threats on water qualty. The man global event was held n Narob, Kenya. The Unted
Natons Envronment Programme (UNEP) was the lead agency and UNEP, UN-Habtat andthe UN Secretary Generals Advsory Board on Water and Santaton (UNSGAB) coordnated
organzaton of the World Water Day 2010 campagn on behalf of UN-Water.
2009 Transboundary Waters
in 2009, the theme for World Water Day was Shared Water - Shared Opportuntes. Specal
focus was placed on transboundary waters. Nurturng the opportuntes for cooperaton n
transboundary water management can help buld mutual respect, understandng and trust
among countres and promote peace, securty and sustanable economc growth. The Unted
Natons Educatonal, Scentfc and Cultural Organzaton (UNESCO) lead the actvtes of the
day wth the support of Unted Natons Economc Commsson for Europe (UNECE) and the
Food and Agrculture Organzaton of the Unted Natons (FAO).
2008 Sanitation
in 2008, World Water Day concded wth the internatonal Year of Santaton, and challenged
us to spur acton on a crss affectng more than one-out-of-three people on the planet. Every
20 seconds, a chld des as a result of the abysmal santaton condtons endured by some 2.6
bllon people globally. That adds up to an unconsconable 1.5 mllon young lves cut short by acause we know well how to prevent. Ceremones for the day took place at Geneva, Swtzerland.
Speakers ncluded Royal Hghness Wllem-Alexander, Prnce of Orange and Drector-General
of WHO Dr. Margaret Chan.
2007 Coping with Water Scarcity
The growng problem of Water Scarcty was the topc for World Water Day 2007. The theme
hghlghted the ncreasng sgnfcance of water scarcty worldwde and the need for ncreased
ntegraton and cooperaton to ensure sustanable, effcent and equtable management of scarce
water resources, both at nternatonal and local levels. The Food and Agrculture Organzaton
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of the Unted Natons (FAO) hosted ceremones for the day, whch ncluded an openng address
from FAO Secretary-General Jaques Douf and vdeo addresses from UN Secretary General Ban
K-Moon and Green Cross internatonal Presdent Mchal Gorbachov.
2006 Water and Culture
The theme of World Water Day 2006 was Water and Culture under the leadershp of UNESCO
and drew attenton to the fact that there are as many ways of vewng, usng and celebratng
water as there are cultural tradtons across the world. Sacred, water s at the heart of many
relgons and s used n dfferent rtes and ceremones. Fascnatng and ephemeral, water has
been represented n art for centures n musc, pantng, wrtng, cnema and t s an essental
factor n many scentfc endeavors as well.
2005 Water for Life
The Unted Natons General Assembly at ts 58th sesson n December 2003 agreed to proclam
the years 2005 to 2015 as the internatonal Decade for Acton, Water for Lfe, and begnnng
wth World Water Day, March 22, 2005. The Water for Lfe decade set the worlds goals on a
greater focus on water-related ssues, whle strvng to ensure the partcpaton of women n
water-related development efforts, and further cooperaton at all levels to acheve water-related
goals of the Mllennum Declaraton, Johannesburg Plan of implementaton of the World
Summt for Sustanable Development and Agenda 21.
2004 Water and DisastersThe UN internatonal Strategy for Dsaster Reducton and the World Meteorologcal Organzaton
were charged wth co-ordnatng events for World Water Day 2004. The message of the day
was: Weather, clmate and water resources can have a devastatng mpact on soco-economc
development and on the well-beng of humanknd. Accordng to the World Meteorologcal
Organzaton, weather and clmate-related extreme events, such as tornadoes, thunderstorms,
storms, cyclones, floods and drought, account for nearly 75 per cent of all dsasters. They lead
to an enormous toll of human sufferng, loss of lfe and economc damage. Montorng these
events, predctng ther movements and ssung tmely warnngs are essental to mtgate the
dsastrous mpact of such events on populaton and economy.
2003 Water for the Future
Water for the Future was the theme for World Water Day 2003. it called on each one of us to
mantan and mprove the qualty and quantty of fresh water avalable to future generatons.
Ths s essental f we are to acheve the Mllennum Development Goal to halve, by 2015, the
number of people lvng wthout safe drnkng water and basc santaton. The Unted Natons
Envronment Programme (UNEP) was the lead UN agency for World Water Day 2003. The goal
was to nspre poltcal and communty acton and encourage greater global understandng of
the need for more responsble water use and conservaton.
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2002 Water for Development
Water for Development was the theme for 2002. The internatonal Atomc Energy Agency was
the coordnatng UN agency. The currently poor and deteroratng state of water resources n
many parts of the world demand ntegrated water resources plannng and management.
2001 Water for Health
Water for Health Takng Charge was the theme for 2001. The WHO was the coordnatng UN
agency. The message for the day was: Concrete efforts are necessary to provde clean drnkng
water and mprove health as well as to ncrease awareness worldwde of the problems and of the
solutons. 22 March s a unque occason to remnd everybody that solutons are possble. Use
the resources on ths ste to help turn words nto poltcal commtment and acton.
2000 Water for the 21st CenturyThe avalablty and qualty of water s ncreasngly under stran. Even f condtons were to
reman constant for the foreseeable future, much of the world would fnd tself n a state of
water-related crss. To make matters worse, populatons are growng most rapdly n those
areas where water s already n scarce supply. Ths s how Wm Kok, Prme Mnster of the
Netherlands, started hs welcome words n the second announcement for the Second World
Water Forum and Mnsteral Conference that began n the Netherlands n the week pror to 22
March 2000.
1999 Everyone Lives Downstream
Excessve floodng of major rvers n the world n 1998 has resulted n thousands of deaths
and caused enormous damage n Chna, Bangladesh and inda, where nearly half of the world
populaton lves. The floodng was not only the result of excessve rans, but also of nterference
by manknd n the rver basns. These tragedes make us realze that vrtually everybody n ths
world lves downstream. UNEP was the coordnatng UN agency.
1998 Groundwater The Invisible Resource
The sxth annual World Water Day (WWD) was celebrated on 22 March 1998. As per the
recommendatons of the 17th meetng of the ACC Sub-Commttee on Water Resources, UNiCEF
and the Unted Natons Dvson of Economc and Socal Affars (UNDESA), took the lead n
organzng the observance of World Water Day n 1998.
1997 The Worlds Water, Is There Enough?
The message of the day was: Water s a basc requrement for all lfe, yet water resources are
facng more and more demands from, and competton among, users.
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1996 Water for Thirsty Cities
The 3rd annual World Water Day was celebrated on March 22, 1996, wth the theme Water for
Thrsty Ctes. it emphaszed the growng water crss faced by ctes across the world whch
threatens the sustanablty of ther socal and economc development.
1995 Women and Water
For the frst tme, Lesotho celebrated World Day for Water, on March 22, 1995.
The nternatonal theme for the day was Women and Water. The Department of Water Affars
organzed two man actvtes for the celebraton of the day focusng on water polluton and on
envronmental degradaton.
1994 Caring for our Water Resources is Everyones Business
The Theme of World Water Day 1994 was Carng for Our Water Resources s Everyones
Busness.
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PRESENTS
Water and Urbanzaton