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World War I Looms
p. 352
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Deadly Social Factors Invite War
• Four factors led the Imperialist European Powers, in 1914, into one of the greatest, most destructive wars in world history.
• We have seen these factors at work in other studies. – They are still causing problems in today’s
world. • (Factors causing World War I are in bold
type, with a Roman numeral (I, II, III, IV). Make sure you note them.).
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I. (hey! A Roman numeral!)
• EC: Nations joined together to protect themselves from dangerous, militarist powers.
• I. Alliances• Countries joining together to protect
each other from a common enemy.• As alliances got bigger, the chance
of war also grew.
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Entente:• a loose agreement to follow similar policies.• 1893: France and Russia ally (Entente
Cordial)– France fears German aggression against it in
Europe and Africa– Russia is concerned about
• Germany making closer relations to the Ottoman Empire.
• German support of Austria-Hungary against Russia’s ethnic ally, Serbia (Slavic).
– 1904, France makes an Entente with Great Britain
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III. Militarism: • The glorification of the military. • The industrial countries based their pride and relations
with other countries on their military strength. – Germany’s Otto von Bismarck said, that Germany would resolve
its international differences with military force, not words. • “Blood and Iron” speech
• Arms Race: • Many nations turned industries to producing “high-tech”
weapons to intimidate others to give up their own lands and plans.– Nations sent spies to find out about these weapons
• Stole plans• Committed sabotage
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Alsace and Lorraine:
• Territories France lost to Germany in 1871. –France wanted its pride recovered by regaining them.
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Ultimatum:
• a final set of demands. – Austria-Hungary threatened immediate war
unless Serbia met its conditions:• Must end all support of anti-Austrian activities and
groups.• Must let Austria investigate the incident, in Serbia.
– Serbia did not agree to all the demands and Austria declared war, July 1914.
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Mobilize:
• prepare the military for war.
• Germany declared war on Russia when Tsar Nicholas II ordered his troops to get ready to fight Austria-Hungary.
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Neutrality:
• policy of not supporting any side in a war.
• Italy did not immediately join its Central Power allies.
• Britain also remained neutral with the Allies.
• The United States would trade with both alliances.
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Propaganda Feeds the Excitement
– Propaganda in each nation said that they were fighting for justice and a better world
– handout– What country is the sample about?– What does the sample say about that
country’s side? Explain.– What does the sample say about the
enemy? Explain.
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Sample one: "When we teach, you run!"
• What country/alliance is the sample from?– Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany)
• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– They look brave, purposeful, proud, strong
• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – They look cowardly, ugly (Russia, Belgium, France, Serbia,
England, Japan,
• What is the particular message of the sample?– Our cause is a good one and the enemy will learn what is right!
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Sample two: "The Entente Cordiale"
• What country/alliance is the sample from?– Germany (Central Powers); though written in French.
• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– The noble, watchful German eagle watches the danger grow in
Western Europe.
• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – The hideous and dangerous British spider traps Western Europe
in it’s web; threatens the rest of Europe.
• What is the particular message of the sample?– The Entente Cordiale (Britain, France, and Russia) is dangerous
to the rest of the world and must be stopped.
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Sample three: “Germany is war!" • What country/alliance is the sample from?
– France (written in French)
• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– There is no message about France
• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – Germany is shown as a fat, rapacious, Wagnerian valkyrie
(Nordic warrior woman) butcher. Places they have taken are the cuts of meat hanging.
• What is the particular message of the sample?– Germany is a murderous, warlike danger to the rest of Europe
and must be stopped.
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Sample four: "If I can't rule her, no one shall!"
• What country/alliance is the sample from?– United States (American liberty is approaching the Kaiser, shield
and sword in hand; barely legible it says …..New York….)
• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– America is godlike and noble, trying to save Germany from it
psychopathic Kaiser (emperor)
• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – The Kaiser is willing to destroy his own nation rather than give up
his war.
• What is the particular message of the sample?– The Kaiser is destroying Germany to win his futile war rather than
saving her by giving up.
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Map Skills, p. 353:
• 2.• France and Russia bordered Germany on two
sides and could attack it from each direction.• 3.• The Allies appear to have a greater advantage.
– More troop strength– Surround the Central Powers
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Standards Check, p. 353
• Question:
• The Triple Alliance, – made up of Germany, Italy, and Austria-
Hungary
• The Triple Entente, – made up of France, Britain, and Russia.
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Image, p. 354
• Question:
• Watching the parade
• Saluting the soldiers on horseback
• Waving hats and handkerchiefs
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Standards Check, p. 355
• Question:
• Antagonism and suspicion caused by– Economic competition– Imperialist rivalries– Arms race
• Nationalism– Austria-Hungary– Ottoman Empire
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Biography, p. 355
• Question:
• His desire for respect may have driven him to – build up the German military– Win colonies– Best the other European powers
economically.
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Standards Check, p. 355
• Question:
• Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for the assassination and took the opportunity to attack Serbia.
• Germany backed Austria-Hungary
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Chart Skills, p. 356
• Question:
• Russians might feel that Germany started the war because of their support of Austria-Hungary and eventual invasion of Belgium, which was a neutral country.
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Standards Check, p. 357:
• Question:• Alliances drew more and more countries
into the war.– Even though it was a regional war between
Serbia and Austria-Hungary
• France supported Russia• Britain supported Belgium
– Anti-German propaganda about atrocities in Belgium…..
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Standards Check, p. 357:
• Question:
• Because of a renewed sense of patriotism, people rushed to fight for or support their homelands.
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End hwk
• Begin class work