WINDMILLS FIRSTUSED BY SARACENS
Their Introduction Into Europe
Is Generally Ascribed tothe Crusades
Up on a hilltop, lashed by the rain,
scorched by the sun, their cumbroussails swayed by every breeze, wind-
mills stand secure. Travelers' by train,
ship, or motorcar come suddenly onthese weird beacons, surveying the
world from their enviable points ofvantage.
Life looks finer from the hilltops,
and on the hilltops, where the windMows free and fierce, windmills arebuilt.
Essentially creations of nature, use-
ful only at the pleasure and through
the power of natural forces, it is fitt-ing that their dwelling places shouldhe above the ordinary world. In Eng-land, on the south and east coast, round
tsle of Thanet. and on the SUSMX1 >owns.', these huge. dumb sentinelsstand, sturdy and impassive, says theLondon Globe.
On windy days their great arms wavelike giant semaphores, sending a mes-sage to travelers on land and sea.Windmills are almost awesome; thereis something arresting, even terrifying,in their silent dignity, their sleepingstrength. With their sails at rest theyare whollypicturesque. But when thosearms whirl madly in a rushing gale
become possessed of magic power,sinister and terribly significant.
The term windmill, us"d in its widestsense; means a machine by which theenergy of the wind is applied to usefulpurposes. Windmills were certainly inuse as early as the twelfth century, buttheir exact origin is lost in the oblivionof the past. Their introduction intoEurope is generally ascribed to theSaracens, through the Crusaders. Flash-Ing their crimson crossed banners home-ward, through Europe, the knights ofHichard Coeur de Lion brought manystrange customs and innovations withthem. The earliest written record of\u25a0windmills in England, dated the twelfthcentury, dea.ls with certain disputes inreference to tithes connected with"windmilles." Since those farawaytimes windmills have beer. In constantuse in Europe, America and other con-tinents. But modern science has pro-vided us with more efficient and reli-able means of grinding corn or drivingengines than the somewhat intermittentpower of the wind. So, in this country,•windmills have become objects.of orna-ment rather than use.
In Holland they are still largely em--1 in draining- the polders and
grinding trass. No picture of the quaintDutch country—whether actual or im-aginary—would be complete without
ndmill. The sturdy mills, withtheir revolving vanes, form as great apart of Dutch character as the goldenpins and dainty lace caps of the women,the baggy trousers and wooden clogsof the men. Windmills are somewhatextensively used in America for pump-ing and driving agricultural machin-ery. It seems strange that the use ofsuch very old fashioned "machinery"should be encouraged in such a verygo ahead country as America. But itlias been discovered that wind movedinacflines are useful where fuel isscarce, and labor can proceed leisurely,if need be. A windmill is never a pow-erful or efficient motor, and its work isvariable. But in favorable positions awindmill will run, on an average, eighthours out of twenty-four.
Since crusading days there have beenmany radical changes in the make andshape of windmills. The oldest type\u25a0was railed the Post mill, the wholestructure being carried on a post. Inorder to bring the sails facing the windthe structure was turned on its baseby a long lever. The Post mill wassucceeded by the Tower, Smock, or»ock mill, in which the mill properwas a stationary tower, the sail beingattached to a revolving cap, rotatingon the top of the tower. In all oldertypes of mill the wind shaft carriedfour or six arms or whips, on whichlong rectangular sails were stretched,a triangular leading sail being some-times added. Later, the sails weremarie of sail cloth spread on a woodenframework, and at times boards wereutilized. The American windmills oftoday are gigantio. carrying 18 or moresails, fixed around a large disk. Theyconsist of narrow boards or slats, ar-ranged radially, each board movingwith the wind's impetus. Nowadaysthese windmills are fitted with auto-matic feathering and steering ma-chinery, and are largely used in theUnited States for pumping water.
It is interesting to consider that at• ginning of the nineteenth century•\u25a0 ,iole of Kngland's grinding, saw-
ing, stamping and the draining of theeastern counties was performed by windpower. At the beginning of the twen-tieth century science has rendered wind-mills veritable things of the past. Asfar as such work is concerned theystand idle, the revolution of their giantsails no longer a thing of use andnecessity.
To authors and poets windmills haveoffered and provided a rh?h harvest.There is a vague quality, akin to awe,in the simple mention of nature's ma-chines. Perhaps the very invisibility ofthe wind, the intangible strength ofnatural forces, invests windmills withan eerie, supernatural fascination.
They move or rest not in obedienceto the laws and wishes of man. butthrough the agency of a higher power.The most famous story attached towindmills deals "with Don Quixote de laManclia, from whose wonderful en-counter with them is derived thephrase "tilting at windmills." SanchoPanzas rebuke to his master, "Did Inot tell you they were windmills? Andwho would have thought otherwise,except such as Ijad windmills in theirhead?" has provided another current.To have windmills in your head, other-wise to "have a bee in your bonnet," isa polite manner of insinuating delu-sion or madness.
Though st*am engines have almostentirely replaced windmills in Eng-land, for working purposes, the curiousmills are still standing, with a fewregrettable exceptions. Though theyno longer grind our corn, saw ourwood and stamp our leather, they de-light our eyes. From windswept hill-tops, from downs and cliffs, they reartheir heavy arms toward the sky.Proudly, with a hint of mystery, theygive the multitudes of a prosaic pres-ent a momentary suggestion of a pic-turesque past.
WIRELESS IS USEDAS FINDER OF ORE
German Scientist Ready to Re-veal Earth's Secrets
Exploring the earth to discover theposition of mineral ores is the latestuse to which wireless telegraphy hasbeen put. For the exploring apparatuswith which experiments have beenmade by Doctor Lowy of Gottingentkree holes in line are bored in theground to a depth of about 300 feet, orin some cases there are four holes, oneat each corner of a square piece ofground, wh,ich may be as large as 1,000
re miles. Wireless antennae areplaced in the holes, each antennae be-ing about 2".0 feet in height. By meas-uring the relative intensities of signalsat one antennae sent from the othersthrough the earth the position of anymineral 'deposits can, it is stated, be
CANDIDATES ISSUE THEIRPREDICTIONS ON RESULTS
DR. LELAND IS HIGHLY OPTIMISTICDR. T.B.W. LELAND
Candidate for Coroner
* T the close of the campaign, my friends feel satisfied that I shall beI\ elected coroner. We have made a good, clean fight, indulging in no
"*\u25a0*" personalities at the expense of my opponent, but standing clearly
upon my record established during seven years of public service devotedabsolutely to the interests of the people.
In the interests of the people 1 have made some powerful enemies,
but the result of the primary election, which gave me 4.000 votes overmy nearest opponent, shows that the people do appreciate fidelity totheir cause.
all classes, whose cause I have
DR. TONER ADMITS POSSIBLE DEFEATDR. JOSEPH M. TONER
t andiriate for Coroner
I CONSIDER that there will be from 60.000 to 62,000 votes cast.With such a light vote, I feel that I shall be elected, but if the vote
is 65,000 or more, I think that Doctor Leland will be the nextcoroner.
It has been a long, strenuous campaign. Personally, I do notbelieve in the new primary law. 'It makes two campaigns, is too ex-pensive, and covers too great a period of time. The contest betweenDoctor Leland and myself has been exceptionally clean, and I am readyto accept the verdict of the voters.
If I am elected, I shall continue to give the city a good, clean anddecent administration, and treat all alike. If I am defeated, I shallcongratulate Doctor Leland and willfeel that the city will have a good,efficient coroner.
LACKMANN PREDICTS ROLPH CABINETJOHN LACKMANN
Candidate for Auditor
I BELIEVE that the people realize the far reaching effect that to-day's election will have upon the welfare of our city, and willthere-fore make ths total vote practically as large as at the primary.
San Francisco has been divided long enough. The knockers haveoccupied the center of the stage too long, and it is time for the boostersto take their places. Let us bury the hammer deep and let us have anentire city administration thoroughly in harmony and accord withMayor Rolph. so that we can all pull together for the best interests ofour city and for the glorious future that is bound to come.
If I am elected auditor, I willperform the duties of that office con-scientiously and honestly. I will prevent the payment of all illegaldemands, uphold civil service and inaugurate a modern municipal ac-counting system, and will use the charter and my oath of office as myonly guide.
BOYLE SAYS HE HAS MADE BIG GAINTHOMAS F. BOYLE
Candidate for Auditor
I HAVE received many letters from business men and merchants com-mending me for my business judgment in not signing the demand for$652,000 until I could get a clear title for the Cherry creek property.
I believe the matter can be settled long before the option will expire.I expect to be elected by at least 8.000 or 9,000 votes, in view of the
fact that I received 33,000 votes at the primary. Not only do I expect tohold these votes, but I feel certain that I shall get the greater part ofthe votes that were cast for the candidates who were eliminated inthe primary.
My canvass has been thorough and I have no reason to believe thatI shall not be re-elected.
VOTERS WIDE AWAKE, SAYS EGGERSFREDERICK EGGERSCandidate for Sheriff
I HAVE made a clean campaign and expect to be elected by from5.000 to 10,000 majority. My calculations are based upon personalassurance of support from voters in every walk of life and the excel-
lent vote accorded me at the primary.At no time have I entered into any alliance with any special interest
or made any promises, and when I assume the office of sheriff I shall do ,so absolutely free to do my duty. I will support James Rolph in everyeffort for the improvement of the city.
The county jail will receive my immediate and earnest attention,and any evils existing there willbe eradicated. The sheriffs office willbe conducted in a conscientious manner, and people having businessthere may rest assured of courteous treatment by intelligent attaches.I shall devote all of my time to my duties as sheriff. In conclusion, Idesire to thank my friends and neighbors for their efforts in my behalfduring the campaign.
LARGE MAJORITY CLAIMED BY FINNTHOMAS F. FINN
< niKlidalp for Sheriff
Ip ROM a careful analysis of the situation, I am convinced that I willH be re-elected by a majority of not less than 10,000 over my opponent.
I feel justified in making this estimate by the great inroads I havebeen making during the last week on the voters who supported myopponent at the primary and the pledges of support I have receivedfrom those who voted for Lawrence J. Dolan at the primary.
HATHORN EXPECTS 6,000 MAJORITYRALPH L. HATHORN
Candidate for District Attorney
THE sentiment in favor of electing a Rolph man for district attorneyis not confined to those who voted for Rolph at the primary. Theresult of the primary election has been accepted in true American
fashion, and I find a general desire on the part of all our citizens, nomatter how they voted at the primary election, not to hamper Mr.Rolph by giving him a district attorney not in sympathy with his aimsand purposes. If this sentiment is as general as I believe it is, I shalldefeat my opponent by a handsome majority. Ed F. Perry, in chargeof my headquarters, estimates the total vote at 65,000 and my majorityat 6,000.
CONFIDENCE EXPRESSED BY FICKERTCHARLES M. FICKERT
Candidate for District Attorney
I AM thoroughly confident of the issue. I have gained my full share ofthe votes that went to the minority candidates at the primaries. Ihave also made heavy inroads upon my opponent's vote in the
primaries.On a basis of 65,000 votes cast, if the voting runs that high I exoect
to win by from 8,000 to 10,000 majority.As a tinal word to the voters of San Francisco, I can only reiteratewhat I have consistently maintained—that my record in office is an open
book, and upon it 1 seek re-election.
LEECH BELONGSTO A PAST DAY
Only One House in Paris StillDeals in the "Gibier
Pharmaceutique"
Another of our cherished ideas willsoon be no more. The leech has beendeposed from its sovereignty, and itspassing forms the subject of an arti-cle in the "Mois Litteraire et Pittor-esque" by M. Jacques Boyer, who tellsus that prior to IS7O a dozen wholesalehouses in Paris were engaged in thetraffic of this "gibier pharmaceutique," '
and that they sold between 300,000 and400,000 a month, at the rate of 250francs, or £10 per 1,000. One housealone survives, and the number sent outis 130,000 and the price has fallen toabout 70 francs per 1,000. The tradewould be practically nonexistent, weare further told, where it not for thefact that the United States remain*faithful to the ancient tradition. Whatwe may term the leech farmer, forwant of a better name, we are told is1/Mridiculteur. who formerly exercisedhis calling in the neighborhood of Bor-deaux in an artificial marsh.
MEN RETURNED TO PRlSON—Edward, Golden;arrested ?axh a : suspicious «character H last week
\u25a0"•-.. while with Joe Baker. and Harryjßradley,'l, wassentenced »to s six 4 mont >• in ' the Vcounty *:jailyesterday by.Pol lee Judge SulliTan. Baker andBradley ;.were / sent"; to j:Preston, =^ from fe wherethey were paroled; some time ago. \u25a0; ";;\u25a0:*"'
CLASS! TO HAVE!REUNlON—Stanford Ualrefsit.r. 6. Tti.> male students of the 1!»11
*.-flans will bold the second annual reunion Fri-<li<r erenlnjc at the 'St. James hotels in!San
'\u25a0-Jose.-;-"-: V"v.-v \u25a0;\u25a0*\u25a0 \u25a0.\u25a0\u25a0•-:•\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0•- \u25a0 .'. \u25a0\u25a0-v'-r-*->."»;>- .\u25a0-\u25a0r>i,i;.
23 PONTIFFS BEARNAME OF JOANNES
There Have Been 263 Popes,With 78 Different Names
in List
Pope Pius X is counted the two hun-dred and sixty-third prelate to occupy
that highest ecclesiastical office.While there have been 263 popes,
there are only 78 different names in thelist. Twenty-three bore the name ofJoannes, 16 that of Gregory, 14 Clem-ent, 14 Benedict, 13 Leo, 13 Innocent,10 Pius, 10 Stephen, 9 Boniface, 8 Alex-ander and 8 Urban.
There have been six popes namedHadrian, while each of the names PaulSlxtus,. Nicholas, Martin and Coelestinehas been borne by five popes. Therewere four Eugenes, four Honores andfour named Anastasium. Four otherswere named Sergius and four moreFelix.
The narrtes that appear three times inthe list are Julius, Galixius, Lucius andVictor. The names that appear only
twice are Marcellus, Gelaslum. Pashalis,Demasus, Sylvester, Agapetus. Marinus,Theodorus, Constantine and Pelagius.
Plus Ibecame pope in 142. More than13 centuries passed before there wasanother pope of that name, but onlyfour and a half centuries lie between.Plug IIand Pius X, says the New YorkHerald.
H -Although there have been 10 Stephens,there has been none since 1057. All the23 popes who were named Joannes ruledthe church between 52" and .1410. anaverage of nearly three to a century. -.
Pope Clement I appeared in 91. Thelast pope of that name, Clement XIV,appeared in 1769. There were more than14 centuries between L»eo I and LeoXIII.
Thero were only four popes in thefirst century. The lowest number in anyone century since then wras in the nine-teeth—sfx. There were 25 in the tenthand 20 each in the seventh and ninth.The eleventh century had 1!) and thethirteenth and sixteetii had 17 each.
The popes of the twelfth century
numbered 16, third 15, eighth 14, fif-teenth 1.1, sixth and fourteenth 13 each,fittli and fifteenth 12 each, seventeenth11, second and fourth 10 each, whilethe eighteenth had 8.
Pope Pius IX was In power 31 years,the longest of all, while some of hispredecessors held the reins only \u25a0 f>wdays.
EGGERS VOLUNTEERSGIVEN INSTRUCTIONS
Small Army Will Work at Poll-ing Places Today
Fred Eggors closed his campaign forsheriff last night at a mooting in Sara-toga hail in Valencia street, which wasa most unusual gathering in behalf ofa candidate.
Not less than 1,500 volunteerscrowded the hall and entrance await-ing the advice of their candidate as totheir duties in giving out tickets andwatching at the polls today.
When Eggers arrived he was carriedinto the hall upon the shoulders of hisadmirers, who will give their servicestoday without compensation. TherewJll be Eggers men at every boothin the city giving out Eggers cards,and tonight they will watch the countto insure fairness.
LEAGUE TO PROTECTBEAUTY OF ALPINES
Great Tract Set Aside and Mod-cm Invasions Prohibited
The Swiss league for the protectionof nature has undertaken a grand pro-ject, the idea being to preserve in alltime coming some of the beauties ofthe land of mountains and lakes, whichare fast disappearing under the nameof progress. The league has obtainedcertain rights to begin with in theValley of Chieza for 25 years. Duringthis period the valley will be preservedfrom hunting absolutely, and the kill-ing or wounding of any animal withinthe prescribed area will be an offencepunishable at law. No flowers, herbage,or trees are to be Interfered with. Withthe exception of the erection of certainrefuges, no building is to be under-taken, no railway or roadway construc-tion is to "be carried out. Briefly, theleague and the confederation have asplendid conception for the preserva-tion of Alpine nature in all its splendor.
If you sit in a draft the doctor maycash It.
Only an unusually pretty girl cgjiafford to be stupid.
Anyway the \u25a0workman turns out apoor job Is a derided improvement onthe one who does nothing but standaround and make remarks.
AIRMAN READYFOR POLAR DASH
Monoplane to Be Used by Lieut.Watkins in Antarctic Is
Sent South
Lieutenant Watkins, who is to ac-company Dr. Douglas Mawson's ex-
pedition in quest of the south pole andwho is to attempt a final dash to the
pole by monoplane, has just packed up
his machine and shipped it to Aus-tralia.
Lieutenant Watkins is a well knownaviator at Brooklands, who learned tofly on a Howard-Wright biplane, but
| the machine on which he is to try tofly to the pole is British made, the
work of Vickers & Co. The R. E. P.. as
it is called, lias made several speed
records, and it is the only type ofmachine which came through the cir-
cuit of Europe without having to un-
dergo repairs or renewals. Its wings
have square cut corners, the body re-sembles a slender skiff, and toward the
rear extremity carries a vertical plane
for purposes of stability and a horizon-tal plane like the tail of a bird, says
the Boston Transcript.The primary plan of the expedition
is not to use the monoplane only for
the dash to the south pole, but to useit for reeonnoitering the ice hummocksand barriers encountered. It is there-
fore so constructed that it can become
a motor sleigh or an aeroplane by
turns. The only motor sleigh whichhas previously been made to compete
with the untie kind of conditions is one
which is in the possession of a Russiangrand duke, who employs it for trav-eling the steppes.
The monoplane is the first which has
been constructed to pull loads or go
over the ground in an emergency. Its
frame is made entirely of steel tubesand it carries a 90 kilometer 60 horse-power K. I-:. P. motor, with fuel enough
for six hours. This kind of motor wasused by M. Gilbert in the circuit of
Europe and remained unchangedthroughout the flight. The machine is45 feet wide by 37 feet long.
When the monoplane is to become amotor sleigh it is fitted with consid-erably longer skids, which are paintedwith phosphor bronze for the preven-tion of rust. The motor would act in
the punic manner as in an aeroplane,
but with the diminished power needed.The wings then detach and slide into acradle within the body, overlapping, theedges of the body, so that the appear-ance of the machine becomes almostlike that of a moth with folded wings.
The tailpiece is also taken off and asteering skate fastened below the tailin the pjace of the present steeragepart.
The body is constructed so that apassenger can be carried, the seatbeing in front of the pilot. The expe-
dition is to take place in the antarcticsummer, so that conditions of freezing
have not to be so seriously considered.The steel is, however, heavily tinnedand the motor is air cooled. If thetemperature were to necessitate theprecaution the tanks would be coveredin jackets of thick felt. The facili-ties for reconnoitering are increased by
the holes cut in the wings after themanner of Antoinette machines.
HERE'S A STORY ABOUTBRICKS AND A FAT MAN
Blast Causes Search for PinThat Wasn't Lost
In the scramble that followed a pre-mature discharge of dynamite in abuilding lot. says the New York Herald,a stout man lost a scarfpin. After hebegan to search for it he noticed an-other man poking around in the dustand debris. He immediately grew sus-picious, and at last he spoke.
"I do not wish to give offense." hesaid, "but I must ask you to refrainfrom assisting me in this search. I ap-preciate your willingness to assist, butas a means of self-protection I long agomade it a rule never to allow strangersto assist me in a search for a lost ar-ticle.'
"Oh. very well," said the stranger."You have no objection to my looking
on, I suppose?"
He sat down on the curbstone andwatched the stout man sift dust andoverturn stones. After 20 minutes ofpainful stooping the stout man found ascarfpin. "But it is not my pin," hesaid, dejectedly.
"No; it's mine," said the other man. "Iheard it strike somewhere hereabout.That was what I set out to look for. butwhen I saw how anxious you were forthe job I let you go ahead. Your ownscarfpin, if you want tx> know, is stick-ing to the flap of your left coat pocket."'
FUNGUS EXACTINGUSUAL DEATH TOLL
Many Mistakes Due to Compe=tition Between Gatherers,
Who Work After Dark
Poisonous mushrooms are exacting
the needless annual toll of death.Heavy rains and high humidity haveproduced an abundant supply of fungi
of all kinds and until frost a daily
harvest will be gathered, and almostdally will come accounts of tragedies
due, in the usual phrase, to "mistaking
toadstools for mushrooms." In view
of the gross carelessness displayed onevery hand in gathering these boun-
ties of nature the wonder is that aaeven more appalling number of deathsis not recorded.
Few of the thousands who seek
mushrooms have actual knowledge of
the characteristics of either edible or
nonedible fungi beyond traditionalmarks of distinction, which may ormay not appear in edible varieties andmay be conspicuous in the most poison-
ous kinds. Mushrooms, In the first
place, should be gathered in daylightonly. Nevertheless, in the competitionto secure large quantities, hundreds,probably thousands, of persons tiauntsuburban fields before daylight, accept-ing every gleaming-, dew covered fun-gus that comes to hand. Enormous.quantities of the field mushrooms of-fered for sale in this city are gathered
in almost total darkness by men,women and children utterly ignorantof the various characteristics whichseparate edible from nonedible varie-ties, and careless of the consequencesof adding the deadly kinds to their col-lection, says the Philadelphia Ledger.
Gathering mushrooms is a. seriousmatter. An error usually means death,since the fungus most commonly mis-taken in this section for the edible,common Agaricus campester, is a phal-loides, a violent poison, highly danger-ous in the first stage and producing asecondary collapse which thus far hasbaffled science. Those who covet thesedainties should inform themselves ofthe recognition points of a very few ofthe most common varieties. Better stillwould it be if a single variety werechosen. This, of course, would be thecommon field mushroom, the mostabundant in this section, and ignoranceof this one kind causes practicallyevery death recorded in Pennsylvania.A few rules concerning the field mush-room may not be amiss.
The common mushroom does notgrow in or near woods. Keep to openmeadows and fields absolutely.
The common mushroom has pinkgills, which become brown and finallyblack. Throw away any fungus whichhas not this characteristic If presentit will be unmistakeably plain.
Watch for white gills, the gills beingthe circle of membranous strips con-necting the stem and outer rim of thehead or button. The white gills markthe most deadly mushroom there is.Throw them away.
Note the tough, fleshy cover over thehead or button. It should come awayreadily from the under surface. Pois-onous mushrooms peel, too. This aloneis not a safeguard.
Note the stem. The "veil" or fleshy-covering of the field mushroom parts atthe rim of the umbrellalike top-, break-ing away clean from the stem. The"veil" of the poisonous white destroyerbreaks under the outer edge and fallsin a warning circle around the stem.If there is any evidence of this clingingwhite shroud around the stem throwthe fungus away. It is probablydeadly.
No collector of mushrooms should ac-cept any specimen until satisfied onevery one of the above points. A fungusfound in an open meadow, having salmonpink gills, a fleshy top cover, whichcomes away readily, and no sign of asuspended "veil," may be accepted asthe toothsome Agaricus campester. Tothose possessing knowledge of this par-ticular fungus it would seem unthink-able that poisonings should occur. Theydo occur, and where ignorance is notdirectly the cause the blame for trag-edy may br laid to a carelessness akinto taking drugs in the dark or pullingthe hammers of weapons supposed notto be loaded. In every possible waythe public should be warned and In-formed until the annual slaughter ofinnocents is stopped.
Tlie twenty-seventh annual ball ofSan Frar>cisco lodge No. 68 of the Inter-national Association of Machinists inGolden Gate hall last Saturday nightwas attended by nearly the entiremembership and a large number offriends.
PHONOGRAPH TORECORD DIALECTS
Institute Wherein Shall BeGathered Poly got Cylinders
Suggested in France
Agitation for a national institutewherein shall be gathered on phono-graphic cylinders all living languagesand dialects for the benefit of studentsand for the benefit of posterity is grow-ing among learned men of 1 ranee. Pro-fessor Ponge. a teacher of English inthe Condorcet high school, has alreadystarted such a museum in a small way.Colleagues have flocked to his aid "anda strong movement to interest the gov-ernment is on foet. *
It is thought that such a collection ofcomparative languages would bp i>fgreat aid to psychologists in the studyof why orators accent certain words. ofa phrase in one language and otherwords of the same phrase in other lan-guages. But it is above all of its aroh-eological value to the future that Itspromoters seem to be thinking, says the<'hicago Daily News.PROFESSOR BRlXirs AHCiI/MF.XT
In defense of the idea Prof. FerdinandBrunot of the Sorbonne writes:
"We have about us some fine old fel-lows who are dying; they are dialects.One by one the villages, under the influ-ence of the schools, the press, our com-mercial relations multiplied a hundredtimes by modern means of communica-tion, are abandoning their old ways ofspeech. In a few years those will beformless, or will have ended their ex-istence. The French language, which hasnot even the right of age over its dia-lect brothers, will have taken to itselfall the north of France and a part ofthe south—an immense benefit, undoubt-edly, for those who look only at thepolitical and social side, but an irrepar-able loss for the curious man. for theartist who loves life's picturesque va-riety and for the savant who studies it3laws.TIMKTO (iKT RECORDS
"The moment to take a decllve stephas come. A cylinder, before which apeasant, carefully chosen and aptlyquestioned, would speak for five min-utes, can preserve from forgetful nessand nothingness the dialects hithertoneglected, and for those already studiedand noted it will be not less useful.You don't read music, you listen to it.The spoken document will animate andclear up all that literature lias fixed.Without great expense, for a cylindercosts less than 20 cents, a departmentof inestimable worth can be created inlocal archives and at Paris, where theproper museum would receive a copy ofeach inscription gathered."
Those backing the project are confi-dent it will be ultimately adopted bythe government, although they expectconsiderable delay.
FRIENDS OF McLERANHOLD AUTO PARADE
Line of Machines Is Half Milein Length
Friends of Ralph McLeran. candidatefor supervisor, made an effective dem-onstration in his hehalf last nightwhen they paraded through the streetsof the city in automobiles. The linewas about half a mile long and thecars were covered with cloth bannersannouncing McLeran's candidacy.
THE SAN FKAiNCIiSCO CALL, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1911.8
Municipal ConferenceTicketMAYOR
James Rolph, Jr.ELECTED
Vote Today forThese RolphSupervisors
HENRY E. MONROE THOMAS JENNINGSA. ARONSON :. / . vJ. EMMET HAYDENJOSEPH J. PHILLIPS HENRY PAYOTGUIDO E. CAGLIERI CHARLES A. MURDOCKDANIEL C. MURPHY PAUL BANCROFTGEORGE E. GALLAGHER * WILLIAMH. MCCARTHYFRED L. HILMER OSCAR HOCKSADOLF KOSHLAND ' - -ALEXANDER T. VOGELSANG -VOTE FOR TWO MORE WHO SUP-PORTED ROLPH AT THE PRIMARY
VOTE FOR
DANIEL C. MURPHYFOR SUPERVISOR
He made good in 1907, 1908,
1909. He stood for the peo-ple's interests and he will doit again.
Nominated with MayorRolph. Municipal confer-ence, republican, democraticand good government in-dorsements.
The Bulletin Recommendsa Real Non-Partisan Ticket
The candidates whom The Bulletin recommends areas follows:
For District Attorney—Ralph L. HathornFor Sheriff—Thomas F. FinnFor Auditor—Thomas F. BoyleFor Coroner—Dr. Thomas B. W. LelandFor Supervisors-
Paul Bancroft James P. BoothEdward L. Cutten Adolf KoshlandAndrew J. Gallagher William H, McCarthyGeorge E. Gallagher Henry E. MonroeFred L. Hilmer Daniel C. MurphyOscar Hocks Charles A. MurdockThomas Jennings Edward L. NolanHenry Payot John I. NolanAlex T. Vogelsang John O. Walsh
The Bulletin believes that the foregoing list constitutesthe best and fairest ticket that can be selected. Every manon it has either as an official or a plain citizen proved him-self worthy of the position of trust for which he is a candi-date. Of course, there are other good candidates, but thereare many bad ones, and the surest way for a conscientious \voter to avoid being deceived in regard ta the latter is to voteThe Bulletin ticket Straight From an editorial in the Bulletin, Mon-day, November 6.
