Download - Wikipedia, Museum and access to Art
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Wikipedia, Museums and access to Art
Liam Wyatt, 20 April 2010
Columbia University,Copyright Advisory Office,
New York City
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By way of personal introduction...
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TheBM&
me
Andrew Dunn - CC-by-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:British_Museum_Great_Court_roof.jpg
http://www.wittylama.com/2010/03/the-british-museum-and-me/
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Charity
Website
Software
Chapter
And a quick intro to Wikimedia...
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“Free”
• the freedom to use the work and enjoy the benefits of using it • the freedom to study the work and to apply knowledge acquired
from it • the freedom to make and redistribute copies, in whole or in part,
of the information or expression • the freedom to make changes and improvements, and to
distribute derivative works
http://freedomdefined.org/
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“Free x2”not for profit, volunteer created,
available to use, and re-use.
Imagine never having to work with a licensing agency again!
Gratis Libre
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If you love something, set it free.
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(even if love isn’t always free)
http://www.imamuseum.org/art/collections/artwork/love-robert-indiana
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Some local museum missions
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Common theme...
Engaging the community with their culture.
Collect, preserve and share that culture.
But...
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Art + Copyright =
Nate.erlin - CC-by-NC-ND http://www.flickr.com/photos/nateerlin/520085236/
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• Freedom of Panorama
• Cultural rights
• Donor restrictions
• Museum photo policy
• Different national laws
• Website terms of use
• Commercial licenses
• Attribution
• TPMs/DRMs
• Fair use / fair dealing
• Copyright in scans
• Database rights
Some potential issues for those images...
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Tricks and traps for Wikimedia, Museums and access to Art...
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1. License conditions (in real life)
http://jumpinginartmuseums.blogspot.com/2010/03/sol-lewitt-jumping.html/
Massachusetts museum of contemporary art:“Our policy is to allow photography
everywhere” :-)
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Reasons given for “no photo”• I.P. - this should be nuanced, not blanket to everything
• Conservation - Fair enough, accounts for no flash
• Revenue streams - most common, if not admitted
• Disruption of others - compare with sketching
• Security of the building - really?!
http://museumtwo.blogspot.com/2009/08/museum-photo-policies-
should-be-as-open.html
Caro Wallis - cc-by-NC http://www.flickr.com/photos/carowallis1/3189114504/
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Licensing Conditions on 3rd parties?
http://ragesoss.com/blog/2009/10/09/wikipedia-and-olympics-committee-heading-for-collision/
Richard Giles - CC-by-SA (??)http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Usain_Bolt_Olympics_Celebration.jpg
If you take a picture (when you’re not supposed to) and give it to me, am I bound by your license conditions?
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2. Licensing Conditions (digital)
Image now also available, without permission, at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nla.ms-ms5393-2-s1.jpg
National Library of Australia permissions statement.Text
First page of Captain William Bligh’s log book - on the NLA Website.
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3. Fair Use
Same article in:
< Afrikaans Swedish >
http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content
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4. Freedom of Panorama
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WPSPAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zephyr_%28sculpture%29
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5. Copyright in collections and in scans
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Feist v. Rural Telephone (1991)
Bridgeman v. Corel (1999)
Originality v. “Sweat of the brow”
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Some obviously haven’t heard about this law...
This is the Frick Collection’s copyright statement. Is it deliberately flouting New York law?
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De-accessioning by Copyright
To take something that is the public’s* and to make access restrictions on its digital manifestation that would not be countenanced for the original object is effectively...
*in a publicly funded collection and/or in the Public Domain
...and just like real-life de-accessioning in museums it’s sometimes necessary.
But neither activity should be done just because some money can be made.
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Paying a license fee sometimes feels like a papal indulgence. It’s often not to cover costs, but to make a problem disappear. I don’t mind paying for staff time and materials. I do mind
paying for access to already digitised and Public Domain material and having to sign a usage contract in order
to receive it.
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The kind of things some claim copyright over! (examples)
http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Agamemnon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin_Diplodocus.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Illuminated.bible.closeup.arp.jpg
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Wikimedia takes a stand, so you don’t have to.
:-)