Download - What’s in Your Woodpile?
Minnesota First Detectors
What’s in Your Woodpile?
Gary Johnson & Angela Gupta
University of Minnesota Extension
Minnesota First Detectors
Minnesota First Detectors
Firewood Regulations
There are restrictions on regulated articles due to the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) quarantine
Hardwood (non-coniferous) firewood is a regulated article
Regulated articles cannot be moved out of quarantined areas unless accompanied by a Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) certificate
Minnesota First Detectors
Firewood Regulations
Quarantined Counties
Minnesota First Detectors
Firewood Regulations
Quarantined Counties
Minnesota First Detectors
Firewood Regulations
MDA certificates require an active compliance agreement with the MDA or USDA
Under the conditions of a compliance agreement, certificates may be issued for firewood that has been heat treated to specific temperatures in a kiln to render it safe
MDA certified firewood is allowed to move freely around the state
Minnesota First Detectors
DNR-approved Firewood Required on State- Owned Land
DNR lands have additional firewood regulations. Regardless of any quarantines, firewood must be either:
Obtained from a firewood distribution facility on State-owned land, or
Obtained from a firewood dealer approved by the DNR commissioner (with receipt)
Minnesota First Detectors
Minnesota First Detectors
Softwood versus Hardwood
Softwoods have Tracheids (fibers), No Vessels (pores). Many have Resin Canals.
Resin Canals
Minnesota First Detectors
Softwoods versus Hardwoods
Hardwoods have Fibers and Pores
Pores
Minnesota First Detectors
Ring Porous versus Diffuse Porous
Large Pores in Earlywood and Small Pores in Latewood = Ring Porous Hardwood
Large, obvious lines are Earlywood.
Smaller,darker heartwood or lighter sapwood lines are Latewood.
Minnesota First Detectors
Ring Porous Wood: Black Ash
Minnesota First Detectors
Ring Porous Wood: Bur Oak
Minnesota First Detectors
Ring Porous Wood: American Elm
Minnesota First Detectors
Semi Ring Porous: Black Walnut
Minnesota First Detectors
Ring Porous versus Diffuse Porous
Pores about same size and distributed evenly throughout growth ring = Diffuse Porous.
Minnesota First Detectors
Diffuse Porous Wood: Basswood
Minnesota First Detectors
Diffuse Porous Wood: Boxelder
Minnesota First Detectors
Diffuse Porous Wood: Big Toothed Aspen
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features: Elm Bark Cross-Section
Layered Bark of American and Rock Elm
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features: Long-Grain of Elm
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features of Oak: Rays
Rays
Minnesota First Detectors
Versus, No Rays in Ash
Cracks or Checks, but not Rays
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features: Elm and Hackberry
Both Have Wavy (tiretrack) summerwood
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features: Elm and Hackberry
Hackberry has Corky Ridges on Bark, no Layered Cross-Section
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features: Red vs. White Oak
Sodium Nitrite turns White Oak Heart Wood Blue to Purple
Minnesota First Detectors
“Other” Features: Black Walnut
Medium brown to dark chocolate heartwood.
Minnesota First Detectors
Let’s Quiz the Log Splitter!
Minnesota First Detectors
Which log is hardwood?
Minnesota First Detectors
Which log is hardwood?
0%
0% 1. Log on the left
2. Log on the right
0 of 30
Minnesota First Detectors
What is this?
Minnesota First Detectors
What is this?
0%
0%
0%
0%
0% 1. Oak
2. Ash
3. Walnut
4. It’s hardwood; that’s all I need to know.
5. I don’t know.
0 of 30
Minnesota First Detectors
What is this?
Minnesota First Detectors
What is this?
0%
0%
0%
0%
0% 1. Maple
2. Oak
3. Walnut
4. Pine
5. Don’t know.
0 of 30
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
What is it?
0 of 30
1. Hackberry
2. Chokecherry
3. Crabapple
4. River Birch
5. Chokeberry
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
What is it?
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0 of 30
1. Birch
2. Cottonwood
3. Big-Toothed Aspen
4. Silver Maple
5. Black Cherry
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors What is it?
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0 of 30
1. Black Walnut
2. Buckthorn
3. Bur Oak
4. Boxelder
5. Ironwood
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors What is it?
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0 of 30
1. White Oak
2. Hickory
3. Hackberry
4. Winged Euonymus
5. Bur Oak
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
What Is It?
1. Cottonwood
2. Green Ash
3. Hackberry
4. Elm
5. Linden
0 of 30
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
What is it?
0 of 30
1. Elm
2. Boxelder
3. Silver Maple
4. Ironwood
5. Linden
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
What is it?
0 of 30
1. Black Pine
2. Black Cherry
3. Austrian Pine
4. Douglas Fir
5. White Cedar
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
20%
20%
20%
20%
20%
What is it?
0 of 30
1. White Cedar
2. Sugar Maple
3. Ponderosa Pine
4. Black Cherry
5. Douglas Fir
Minnesota First Detectors
What is It?
Minnesota First Detectors
What is it?
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0
30
1. Linden
2. Sugar Maple
3. Black Ash
4. Elm
5. Green Ash
Minnesota First Detectors
Questions…
Gary Johnson
UM Urban & Community Forester
University of Minnesota Extension Foresters: Angela Gupta, Rochester Mike Reichenbach, Cloquet Gary Wyatt, Mankato