What makes something alive?1. Reproduces
2. Grows
3. Develops
4. Uses Energy –food
5. Responds to environment
6. Adapts
7. Made of cells
8. Moves
Reproduction
• Produce next generation of offspring
Cells– Mitosis– Meiosis
Individuals– Asexual – one parent– Sexual – two parent
Development
• All the changes that occur as a living thing grows
• Simple form to complex form
• Changes size and shape
• New structures
Use Energy
• Energy is the ability to do work
• Energy comes from food
• Cellular respiration is the process used to breakdown foods and release energy
Use Energy
• Producers make food– Plants, bacteria, some
protists
• Consumers eat or absorb food– Animals, bacteria,
protists, fungi
Respond to Stimuli
• Stimuli: Something external or internal that cause a response
• Cold: shiver• Hot: sweat• Pressure:
pleasure/pain• Sunlight: plant growth• Fear: adrenaline
Adaptations
• Traits that help an organism survive
• When the ecosystem changes over time, so do the traits that help the organism survive
• Help an organism get food, shelter, a mate
• Territory, swim, fly
Made of Cells
• Basic unit of all life• One celled organism• Bacteria, protists• Many celled organism• Fungi, plants, animals
Movement
• All life has some type of movement
• Animals move
• Plants move
• Fungi move
• Bacteria move
Plant Adaptations
• Thorns• Waxy coating (cuticle) on
the leaves provides water-proofing
• Cactus have stems that store water
Colors
• The pepper moth became darker during the industrial revolution
• a fine layer of coal dust covered tree trunks where the moth rested during the day
• the whitish color against the darker background allow birds to more readily find the moth
• The pepper moth survived
Morphology• Strawberries have
underground stems which readily break so that a new plant can result from just a portion of the parent plant
• Leaves of desert plants are often hairy (to reduce water loss) whereas those in the tropics are mostly smooth; l
• fruits in temperate regions tend to be hard (nuts, acorns) whereas those of the tropics are often fleshy (banana)
• Flowers tend to be large and solitary in tropical plants; smaller and more numerous in temperate regions