Download - What are games? Pt . II
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What are games? Pt. II
COM 427August 29 2013
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Quiz!
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1. Aarseth: “the ideology called _____________” is the notion that “everything is a story, and that story-telling is our primary, perhaps only, mode of understanding.” a) relativismb) mysticismc) narrativismd) socialism
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2. Aarseth: “If you want to understand a phenomenon, it is not enough to be a good storyteller, you need to understand how the parts work together, and the best way to do that is to build a __________.” a) robotb) simulationc) narrative arcd) graphics engine
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3. Fill in the missing word in this sentence from Bogost:“But in fact, _________ in this sense of the word structure behavior of all types. __________ are sets of constraints that create possibility spaces, which can be explored through play.” a) proceduresb) storiesc) rulesd) games
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4. As Bogost relates, rhetoric was coined 2500 years ago, by Plato in his Gorgias. In that dialogue, rhetoric is referred to as the art of…. a) simulationb) persuasionc) enunciationd) twerking
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BONUS!
5. According to Bogost, Bully is best understood as: a) a training module for future bulliesb) both a simulation, and satire, of sociality in schoolsc) a poorly-designed gamed) a way of confronting his own troubled past
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1. Background: Contextualizing “Game Studies” & the question “What are games?”
2. Definitions
3. ‘Procedural’ Rhetoric in action
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Some background -“Game studies” is not organized around a specific set of questions (e.g. Communication & Media Studies), or a specific set of methods (e.g. Psychology, Economics) but around a set of artifacts.
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This means that:a) There is no one academic field or discipline that ‘owns’ game studiesb) Studies of games and gaming are found across almost every academic discipline
Aarseth:“Here we find the political question of genre at play: the fight over the games' generic categorization is a fight for academic influence over what is perhaps the dominant contemporary form of cultural expression.”
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Communication- How do games change the ways we communicate? How do we communicate in games?
Education- How & what do we learn from games? How can games be used in educational settings?
Psychology- What are the effects of playing certain games?
Sociology & Anthropology- How do people coalesce and interact around, and through, games?
Literature- How is meaning represented and conveyed through games? (How) do games tell stories?
Cultural Studies- What kinds of ideologies are present in games? How are gender, sexuality & race depicted?
Film Studies- What kinds of cinematic conventions do games draw on? How do games influence film?
Economics- How can games be used to model & predict RL economic behaviors?
Computer Science & Design- How can we make different / better games?
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Communication- How do games change the ways we communicate? How do we communicate in games?
Education- How & what do we learn from games? How can games be used in educational settings?
Psychology- What are the effects of playing certain games?
Sociology & Anthropology- How do people coalesce and interact around, and through, games?
Literature- How is meaning represented and conveyed through games? (How) do games tell stories?
Cultural Studies- What kinds of ideologies are present in games? How are gender, sexuality & race depicted?
Film Studies- What kinds of cinematic conventions do games draw on? How do games influence film?
Economics- How can games be used to model & predict RL economic behaviors?
Computer Science & Design- How can we make different / better games?
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What are games?• How is meaning conveyed through games?• Do games tell stories? How? • What is the relationship of games to other kinds of texts? (Are games ‘texts’?)• What features of games are unique; what makes a game a game?
Blah blah
STORY!! blah blah
Bler Bler SIMULATION
bler bler
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“games are meta-chronotopes”
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Definitions!• Narrative (Aarseth)• Procedure (Bogost)• Rhetoric (Bogost)• Procedural Rhetoric (Bogost)• Simulation (Aarseth)• Text (Aarseth)
Groups of 3 – we will assign the concepts!
1. Define it in your own words (in relation to video games)2. List similar concepts & words3. Find an illustrative quotation
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Procedural Rhetoric
Let’s play… Freedom Bridge!
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What’s the argument?
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Adeline’s Elopementhttp://cecilycarver.tumblr.com/adeline
Oiligarchyhttp://www.molleindustria.org/en/oiligarchy/
Lonelinesshttp://www.necessarygames.com/my-games/loneliness/flash
September 12http://www.newsgaming.com/games/index12.htm
The End of Ushttp://the-end-of-us.com/
Spenthttp://playspent.org/
Pacmanhttp://www.freepacman.org/
What argument(s) is this game mounting?
Characterize the experience.
List the discrete means (sound effects, rules, mechanics, etc) through which it’s doing that.