Download - week 1 & 2 ch01
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
1/57
An Introduction to
Information Systems
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
2/57
Principles and Learning Objectives
The value of information is directly linked to howit helps decision makers achieve theorganizations goals.
Distinguish data from information and describe thecharacteristics used to evaluate the quality of data.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
3/57
Principles and Learning Objectives
Models, computers, and information systems areconstantly making it possible for organizations toimprove the way they conduct business.
Name the components of an information system anddescribe several system characteristics.
Identify four basic types of models and explain how
they are used.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
4/57
Principles and Learning Objectives
System users, business managers, andinformation systems professionals must worktogether to build a successful information
system.
Identify the major steps of the systems developmentprocess and state the goal of each.
Discuss why it is important to study and understandinformation systems.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
5/57
Information Systems Management (ISM) is theapplication of information technology to supportthe major functions and activities of either a privatesector business or public sector institution.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
6/57
ISM supports the process of collection,manipulation, storage, distribution andutilization of an organization's informationresources.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
7/57
Information Concepts
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
8/57
System
A set of elements or components that interact toaccomplish goals
Input
Processing mechanism
Feedback
Output
System boundary
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
9/57
Components of a System
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
10/57
What Is An Information
System?
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
11/57
A set of interrelated components that collect
(or retrieve), process, store, and distributeinformation to support decision making and
control in an organization
What Is an Information System?
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
12/57
Information System
A set of interrelated components that collect,
manipulate, and disseminate data andinformation, and provide feedback to meet an
objective
Examples: ATMs, airline reservation systems,
course reservation systems
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
13/57
Components of an InformationSystem
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
14/57
Data vs. Information
Data: raw facts
Information: collection of facts organized in
such a way that they have value beyond thefacts themselves
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
15/57
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
16/57
Data vs. Information
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
17/57
The Characteristics of ValuableInformation
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
18/57
The Characteristics of ValuableInformation
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
19/57
The Characteristics of ValuableInformation
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
20/57
System and Modeling
Concepts
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
21/57
Modeling a System
A model is an abstraction/approximationthat is used to represent reality 4 major types of models
A narrative model is based on words Logical, not physical
A physical model is tangible
A schematic model is a graphic representation
Graphs and chartsA mathematical model is an arithmeticrepresentation
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
22/57
Modeling a System
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
23/57
System and Modeling Concepts
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
24/57
System Performance and Standards
Efficiency: output/input
Effectiveness: extent to which system attains its
goalsPerformance standard: specific objective of asystem
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
25/57
System Performance and Standards
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
26/57
System Variables and Parameters
System variable - item controlled by decision-maker
System parameter - value that cannot becontrolled
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
27/57
Systems Classification
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
28/57
Computer-Based
Information Systems(CBIS)
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
29/57
Components of a CBIS
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
30/57
Business Information
Systems
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
31/57
Business Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERPS)
Customer Relationship Management Systems (CRMS)
Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce)
Management Information Systems (MIS)Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Group Support Systems (GSS) / Group Decision SupportSystems (GDSS)
Executive Support Systems (ESS) / ExecutiveInformation Systems (EIS)
Virtual Reality Systems (VRS)
Expert Systems (ES) / Artificial Intelligence (AI)
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
32/57
E-Commerce
Business-to-business (B to B)
Business-to-consumer (B to C)
Business-to-government (B to G)
Government-to-consumer (G to C)
Consumer-to-Government (C to G)
Consumer-to-Consumer (C to C)
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
33/57
Electronic Commerce
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
34/57
Transaction Processing Systems
A transaction processing system (TPS) is an organized
collection of people, procedures, software, databases,and devices used to record completed business
transactions.
Process business exchanges
Maintain records about the exchanges
Handle routine, yet critical, tasks
Perform simple calculations
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
35/57
Workflow Systems
Provide routing, tracking & imagingcapabilities to improve business processes
Improve productivity
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
36/57
Payroll Transaction ProcessingSystem
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
37/57
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Integrated programs that can manage acompanys entire set of business operations
Often coordinate planning, inventory control,production, and ordering
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
38/57
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
39/57
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Routine information for routine decisions
Operational efficiencyUse transaction data as main input
Databases integrate MIS in different functionalareas
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
40/57
Management Information Systems (MIS)
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
41/57
MIS Outputs
Scheduled reports
Demand reports
Exception reportsKey Indicator reports
Drill-down reports
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
42/57
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
DSS- A decision support system is an organizedcollection of people, procedures, software,databases, and devices used to supportproblem-specific decision making.
Interactive support for non-routine decisions orproblems
End-users are more involved in creating a DSS thanan MIS
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
43/57
Essential DSS Elements
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
44/57
Special-Purpose Business InformationSystems
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems
Virtual Reality Systems
Expert Systems
Other Special-Purpose Business InformationSystems e.g. GIS (Geographic Information
Systems
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
45/57
The Major Elements of ArtificialIntelligence
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
46/57
Virtual Reality
Systems Development
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
47/57
Systems Development
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
48/57
Why Learn About InformationSystems?
Advance in your career
Solve problems
Realize opportunities
Meet your career goals
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
49/57
Computer and Information SystemLiteracy
Computer literacy - knowledge of computersystems and equipment
Information system literacy - knowledge ofhow data and information are used
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
50/57
Information Systems in FunctionalAreas of Business
Finance and Accounting
Sales and Marketing
Manufacturing
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
51/57
Information Systems in Industry
Investment firms
Banks
Publishing companiesHealthcare organizations
Management consulting firms
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
52/57
Management Challenges
1. Design competitive and effective systems.
2. Understand system requirements of global
business environment.
3. Create information architecture that supportsorganizations goal.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
53/57
Management Challenges
4. Determine business value of informationsystems.
5. Design systems people can control,understand and use in a socially, ethicallyresponsible manner.
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
54/57
Four powerful worldwide changes that havealtered the business environment:
1. Globalization
2. Rise of the Information Economy
3. Transformation of the Business Enterprise
4. Emergence of the Digital Firm
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
55/57
Positive Impacts of Information Systems
Faster calculations and paperworkAnalysis of customer purchase patterns andpreferencesMore efficient business servicesMedical advancesInstant global distribution of information
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
56/57
Negative Impacts of Information Systems
Automation leading to job elimination
Privacy concernsSystem outages and shutdowns
Health problems, repetitive stress injury
Illegal distribution of intellectual property
-
8/3/2019 week 1 & 2 ch01
57/57
Summary
Data - raw facts
Information - data transformed into ameaningful form
System - set of elements that interact toaccomplish a goal
Systems development - creating or modifyingexisting business systems