![Page 1: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Weed Identification
and Control
Kurt Hembree
Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County
October 28, 2015
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 2: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 3: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• To determine which method of control to use
• To slow down reproduction
• To determine the best chemical (herbicide)
Weed identification is very important!
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 4: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Weed Growth Cycle Summer annuals – live and die in <1 year
• pigweed
• purslane
• puncturevine
• crabgrass
• junglerice
• nightshade
• horseweed
• knotweed
• lambsquarters
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
***Active (plant)
Dormant (seed)
Winter
Summer
Fall Spring
![Page 5: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Weed Growth Cycle Winter annuals – live and die in <1 year
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
Dormant (seed)
***Active (plant)
Winter
Summer
Fall Spring
• cheeseweed
• mustard
• nettle
• sowthistle
• filaree
• shepherd’s-purse
• annual bluegrass
• groundsel
• ryegrass
![Page 6: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• horseweed 1,000,000
• mullein 223,200
• redroot pigweed 117,400
• purslane 52,300
• Shepherd’s-purse 38,500
• sunflower 7,200
• wild oats 250
Annuals can produce lots of seed!
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 7: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pigweed - 117,400 seeds
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 8: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Purslane (verdolaga) - 52,300 seeds
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 9: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Wild oats - 250 seeds
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 10: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Biennials - Live 2 years
• Perennials – Live more than 2 years
Weed Growth Cycle, con’t
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
Fall Spring
Summer
Winter
Dormant (roots, rhizomes, tubers)
***Active (plant)
Spring
![Page 11: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• yellow nutsedge - 1 tuber= 1,918 plants in 1 year
• johnsongrass – one plant produces 85’ of stems underground in 14 weeks
• bermudagrass, dallisgrass, bindweed, nutsedge, johnsongrass, others
Perennials reproduce from plant parts and from seeds
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 12: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Johnsongrass- 85 feet rhizomes underground stems
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 13: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nutsedge - purple and yellow 1, 918 plants in 1 year
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 14: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Field Equipment - rototiller, disc, hoe, plow, lilliston
• Plastic - black, brown, blue, green
• Transplants - cover the soil making shade
• Crop rotation - sudangrass, clover
• Other - water, wait, then cultivate (or spray)
• Solarization - clear plastic 4-6 weeks (in summer)
• Herbicides- pre-emergents, post-emergents,
and fumigants
Methods of control
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 15: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
Equipment and hand labor
![Page 16: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
Colored plastic mulch to stop weed seed germination
![Page 17: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 18: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Keep in place
4-6 weeks
during summer
to reach a temp
of 140 ºF.
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
Soil Solarization (to kill weed seeds)
![Page 19: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
– Water and/or mechanical incorporation is needed to activate
– Lasts for 3-6 months in the soil
Devrinol
Treflan
Prefar
Herbicides – Pre-emergents (applied to soil to control weed seed in the soil)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 20: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• Needs to be mixed in to soil before planting
• Registered for:
– Broccoli, cauliflower, others
– Eggplant, pepper
– Tomatoes
Devrinol – Pre-emergent (to control weed seed in the soil)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 21: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Controlled
Blegrass, foxtail, barnyardgrass, junglerice, other grasses, cheeseweed, purslane, sowthistle, pigweed lambsquarters
Not controlled
Groundcherry, nightshade, fleabane, groundsel, others
Devrinol – weed seeds killed
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 22: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
– No water is needed to activate, to remain dry
– Lasts 0 months in the soil
Roundup
Gramoxone
Poast
Fusilade
Herbicides – Post-emergents (to control growing plants)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 23: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Poast– Post-emergent (to control growing plants)
• Kills grass plants but does not hurt broadleaf plants, so can be sprayed over the top of most vegetables.
• Applied 7-30 days before harvest
• Registered for:
– Most vegetable crops
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 24: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015
![Page 25: Weed Identification and Control · Weed Identification and Control Kurt Hembree Farm Advisor, UCCE Fresno County October 28, 2015 Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042810/5f9855c739c5ab61cd61b91c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Kurt Hembree, UCCE, Fresno County Oct 28, 2015