Wednesday, August 18, 2010
Question
Hypothesis
Experiment
Results
Conclusions
Theory
Replication
New Questions
People respond to questions about a subject
Questionnaires or interviews Problem: Accuracy
1960s toothpaste Populations and Samples
Bias Target Population
Sample
Testing method Intelligence, personality, aptitude
Case-study method Investigation of an individual or small group
Longitudinal method Observe a group of participant over a long period of time
Cross-sectional method Observe members from different age groups to avoid the
long wait for results Naturalistic-observation method
Observing people in an every day setting, often unknowingly
Laboratory-observation method Observations in any place that provides the opportunity for
observation or experimentation
Correlations – how closely related one thing is to anotherHeight and ability to reachStress and healthGrades and extracurricular involvementPositive v. negative
Independent variableThe manipulated factor (warm temperature)
Dependent variableThe variable that depends on the
manipulated factor (aggression - result) Experimental group
Receive treatment Control group
Do not receive treatment Placebo
A “fake” treatment
Single – participants do not know if they are in the experimental group or the control group
Double – participants and researchers are unaware of the control groups or the experimental groups
1. Hypothesis2. 5 volunteersDebriefing:1. Target population?2. Double-blind?3. Independent variable?4. Dependent variable?5. Control group or experimental group?6. Was the hypothesis proved or
disproved?