![Page 1: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Water
Quantity and Quality
![Page 2: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Water Pollution?
any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological
(disease, sewage) change to water that adversely effects its use by living
things
![Page 3: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cuyahoga River, Ohio
November 1952
Some river! Chocolate-brown, oily, bubbling with subsurface gases, it oozes rather than flows. "Anyone
who falls into the Cuyahoga does not drown," Cleveland's
citizens joke grimly. "He decays.” Time Magazine,
August 1969
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 4: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Groundwater Pollution
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 5: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Types of Water Pollution
1. Biological2. Chemical3. Physical
Measured in:Percent (%)Parts per thousand (‰)Parts per million (ppm)Parts per billion (ppb)
![Page 6: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Biological Water Pollution
1. Infectious Disease(Pathogens)
2. Oxygen-Demanding Waste
Direct (microbes in water):Typhoid, cholera, dysentery, hepatitis…
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Entamoeba histolytica
![Page 7: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Biological Water Pollution
1. Infectious Disease(Pathogens)
2. Oxygen-Demanding Waste
Indirect(Water breeding carriers):malaria, yellow fever,west nile virus…
Treehole mosquito(carried La Crosse ensephalitis)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 8: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Water Borne Disease
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 9: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
U.S. Water Borne Disease
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 10: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Coliform Test
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Detection: Solutions:• Sewage treatment• Immunization
![Page 11: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Biological Water Pollution
1. Infectious Disease(Pathogens)
2. Oxygen-Demanding Waste
![Page 12: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Dissolved Oxygen
Added by: turbulent water and photosynthesis
Removed by: Increased temperature (exsolution) and respiration/decomposition
Good: > 6 ppm (mosquitoes can survive in 1 ppm)(also measured in % of maximum - Good = 60-80%)
![Page 13: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Dissolved Carbon Dioxide
Added by: respiration/decomposition & weathered rock
Removed by: Increased temperature (exsolution) and photosynthesis
Good: 1-10 ppm (usually about 1 ppm)
![Page 14: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Oxygen Sag
![Page 15: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Measuring DO and other chemical properties
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 16: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Chemical Water Pollution
3. Nutrients (Fertilizers)4. Toxic Inorganic
Materials5. Persistent Organic
Pollutants (POP’s)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Nitrogen, phosphorous
![Page 17: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Eutrophication
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen in Baltic Sea
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
& Blue Baby Syndrome
![Page 18: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nitrates
• Typically: 0.1-4 ppm• Unpolluted usually below 1 ppm• Sewage pollution increase up to 20 ppm
![Page 19: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chemical Water Pollution
3. Nutrients (Fertilizers)4. Toxic Inorganic
Materials5. Persistent Organic
Pollutants (POP’s)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1. Heavy metals mercury,lead, tin…
2. Super Toxic Elements Arsenic, selenium…
3. Acids, salts, chlorine4. Radioactive Isotopes
![Page 20: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Arsenic in U.S. Waters
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 21: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Some We Will MeasureCopper• natural, fungicides, insecticides, copper pipes• can be lethal to some at 0.1 ppb, algae – 1-10 ppb, fish 500ppb• water standard 0.3 ppm
Acidity (pH)• 6.5-8.2 normal (rainwater is usually a little acidic)• >9 – harmful to fish (inc. salmon)• <5.5 releases metals in seds, bacteria die and organics don’t decay• <5 insects die and fish eggs don’t hatch• <4 lethal to adult salmon
![Page 22: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Some We Will MeasureSalinity• Saltwater 3.5%• Freshwater 1-500 ppm• usually >100 ppm is bad for freshwater organisms• >250 ppm tastes salty (max for drinking water)
Total Dissolved Solids• (Ca,Mg,Hco3, NH4, NO3, PO4, SO4, Na, Cl, Na, K)• from dissolved rock, fertilizer, urban runoff,
irrigation, acid rainfall• “watchdog” – high numbers or rapid changes may
indicate problem• typically 50-250 ppm• Drinking water must be below 500 ppm
![Page 23: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chemical Water Pollution
3. Nutrients (Fertilizers)4. Toxic Inorganic
Materials5. Persistent Organic
Pollutants (POP’s)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 24: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Artificial Chemicals
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 25: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Dirty Dozen
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 26: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Physical Water Pollution
6. Sediment7. Thermal Pollution8. Solid Waste
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Chattahoochee River, GA
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Yellow River, China
![Page 27: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Measured in:
NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units)
• Normal levels: 1-50 NTU• Drinking Water: 0.5-1
NTU• Visible: >5 NTU• Higher during storms
![Page 28: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Physical Water Pollution
6. Sediment7. Thermal Pollution8. Solid Waste
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Causes: industry dams removal of vegetation
Optimum – Fish 5-20°C (salmon <12°C)
![Page 29: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Physical Water Pollution
6. Sediment7. Thermal Pollution8. Solid Waste
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 30: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Pollution Sources:Point Source
1. Sewage pipes2. Leaky gas tanks3. Industrial sites4. Injection wells
![Page 31: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Pollution Sources:Nonpoint Source
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1. Agriculture (soil, fertilizer,pesticides)2. Urban runoff (from pavement)3. Construction sites4. Air Pollution
![Page 32: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Controlling Water Quality
What can we do?
![Page 33: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Solutions
1. Legislation2. Source Reduction3. Improved Land Use
Practices4. Remediation5. Sewage Treatment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 34: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Clean Water Act 1972
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1. Established water quality standards2. System for ID’ing point sources3. Pretreatment for industry4. Federal funding for sewage treatment5. Provided for enforcement
Worked well for point sources Nonpoint sources still a problem
![Page 35: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Solutions
1. Legislation2. Source Reduction3. Improved Land Use
Practices4. Remediation5. Sewage Treatment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1. Remove lead from gasoline2. Reduce road salting3. Decrease erosion4. Banning phosphates in detergents5. Reduce fertilizer use, etc.
![Page 36: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Solutions
1. Legislation2. Source Reduction3. Improved Land Use
Practices4. Remediation5. Sewage Treatment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1. Stormwater treatment2. Reduce clearcutting3. Preserve wetlands4. Better construction practices
![Page 37: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Solutions
1. Legislation2. Source Reduction3. Improved Land Use
Practices4. Remediation5. Sewage Treatment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 38: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Solutions
1. Legislation2. Source Reduction3. Improved Land Use
Practices4. Remediation5. Sewage Treatment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Water hyacinths absorb arsenic
![Page 39: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Solutions
1. Legislation2. Source Reduction3. Improved Land Use
Practices4. Remediation5. Sewage Treatment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
West Point Treatment Plant, Seattle
![Page 40: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Water Quantity and Quality. What is Water Pollution? any physical (temperature, oxygen), chemical (mercury), or biological (disease, sewage) change to](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b510d5503465c7e8b5a34/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Sewage in King County
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.