![Page 1: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the Sava River Basin
Dr Dejan Komatina, Secretary, ISRBC
Geneva, 28-29 April 2015
3rd Meeting of the Task Force on the Water-Food-Energy-Nexus under the Water Convention
![Page 2: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2 2
Sava river basin
• Challenges
– Use of resources: development and protection
– Management of resources: national → transboundary
• Legal and institutional framework for cooperation
– Framework Agreement on the Sava River Basin
– ISRBC
• Broad scope of work → Many sectors involved
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 3: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3 3
Sava nexus assessment
• Objectives / expectations – to contribute to:
– Dialogue with sectoral stakeholders
– Integration of policies
– Inter-sectoral coordination
– RBM planning
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 4: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4 4
Introductory workshop
• Development plans and sectoral goals shared (national & basin level)
• Key intersectoral linkages identified (future development of sectors; climate change)
• Scenarios discussed
– Hydropower development
– Agriculture expansion
– Climate change
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 5: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
69.2
4.8
15.1
2.6 8.4
Thermal plants Industry Public water supply Irrigation Other agricultural
5
Emerging issues
• Hydropower expansion upstream and on tributaries
• Need for flood protection measures and related TB coordination
• Agricultural land expansion (irrigated)
• Dependence on energy production from thermal power plants (using water for cooling)
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 6: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Emerging issues
• Point source pollution (lack of wastewater treatment) and diffuse pollution (from agriculture, in particular)
• Sedimentation and erosion (depending on land use and practices)
• Hydromorphologic alterations of the river
• Pressure on groundwater (increasing)
• Climate change (mean flow reduction; increase in frequency of extreme events)
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 7: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Potential solutions
• Multipurpose use of the existing and planned infrastructure (including dams) across countries (example from Croatia and Slovenia)
• Navigation & sediment control at the basin level
• Targeting energy efficiency (proposal from Energy Community)
• Further integration of the energy and agriculture sectors in the RBM planning and implementation process
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 8: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Potential solutions
• Improvement of flood protection infrastructure and flood management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams)
• Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)
• Drought resilience – water management and in particular demand for cooling water in power plants
• Development of renewable solutions to supply local demand (solar and wind integrated with hydropower)
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 9: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9 9
Analyses / modelling (KTH)
• Investigate the dependences between the SRB water resources and the energy sector
• Identify the impacts of climate change on hydropower generation through changes in water availability in the region and at a country level
• Assess the implications of an increase in water demand for irrigation on electricity generation
• Study the trade dynamic-response of the multi-country energy system under water availability constraints
• Environmental issues: CO2 emissions and water resources use in electricity generation
WATER AVAILABILITY
ENERGY
IRRIGA-TION
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 10: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10 10
Analyses / modelling (JRC)
• Water demands (agriculture, industry, public sector) taken into account, and how they change under future GDP, population, etc.
• Addressing ecological flow
• Estimating economic damage for individual sectors (agriculture, navigation, industry, etc.) under water scarcity and how this changes after taking measures
• Including investment and maintenance costs
Land use
Take
n fro
m J
RC
, 201
4
• Modelling water availability versus water demand (identifying areas and sectors with water scarcity) and how this might change, under
– Future climate as compared to current climate – Modified land use / measures (e.g. increased irrigation) as compared to
current land use
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 11: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11 11
Institutional assessment
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 12: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12 12
Consultation and finalization
• Consultation on the draft report (stakeholders from gov., non-gov., academic and business sectors)
• Final stakeholder workshop (Zagreb, 25 May 2015)
• Finalization of the report based on the stakeholders’ comments
• Publishing the report
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 13: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13 13
Lessons learned
• Data collection is a challenging process (amount of data, number of institutions – data owners, different level of data availability in the countries)
• Templates for data collection
– Keep them as simple as possible
– Make clear what the data will be used for
• National ‘facilitators’ should be given an important role
• Consultation is extremely important to ensure the countries’ ownership and best outcome of the assessment
– Data to be used for the assessment (workshop)
– Draft assessment (web-based, workshop)
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015
![Page 14: Water – Food – Energy – Ecosystems Nexus Assessment in the ... · management (e.g. operation of reservoirs and dams) • Economically valuing ecosystems (proposal from WWF)](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070811/5f0a7d117e708231d42be211/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14 14
Contact information
International Sava River Basin Commission
Kneza Branimira 29
10000 Zagreb
Croatia
www.savacommission.org
3rd Meeting of the Nexus Task Force, Geneva, 28-29 Apr. 2015