Download - Warm Up: To be Turned in Predict the molecular shape for the following compounds : CCl 4 CO 2
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Warm Up: To be Turned inPredict the molecular shape for the
following compounds:
CCl4 CO2
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Chemical Names and Formulas
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Significance of Chemical FormulasSome compounds are better known
by their common namesProvides no information about the chemical
Ionic compounds- represents one formula unit—the simplest ratio of the compound’s cations and anions
EX: Al2(SO4)3
Subscript 3 refers to everything inside parentheses giving 3 sulfate ions, with a total of 3 sulfur atoms and 12 oxygen atoms.
Subscript refers to 2 aluminum atoms. Subscript refers
to 4 oxygen atoms.
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Assigning Oxidation numbersBased on the movement of electrons
between atomsGroups 1, 2, and 13 have oxidation numbers of +1, +2, +3, respectively
Groups 15,16,17 have oxidation numbers of -3, -2, -1, respectively
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Writing Ionic Chemical FormulasWrite the atoms side by side along
with their oxidation numbers, starting with the metal
Al3+O2-
Cross over the oxidation numbers by using the absolute value of each atom’s oxidation number as the subscript for the other ion.
Al23+O32−
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Writing Ionic Chemical Formulas, Cont.
Multiply the oxidation number by the number of atoms for each part of the formula. The two number should be equal but opposite in value.
Al23+O32−
(2 × 3+ = 6+) (3 × 2- = 6-)Al2O3
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Naming Ionic CompoundsTwo part name
Write the metal firstWrite the nonmetal second
Drop the original ending and replace with –ide
Ex: MgCl2 = magnesium chloride; KI= potassium iodide
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Transition MetalsSome transition metals (Fe, Cu, Pb, Sn, Cr,
etc.) can form ions with more than one possible charge
We identify the various compounds using the Stock System.Write a Roman Numeral immediately after
the metalEx: FeO = Iron(II) oxide; SnO2 = Tin(IV) oxide
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Polyatomic ionsIons formed by more than one atomNaming system: write the metal followed
by the name of the polyatomic ion (except for NH4
+, which is always names first)Ex: NaNO3 = sodium nitrate
+1 -1 -2 -3
Ammonium NH4+ Acetate C2H3O2
- Carbonate CO32- Phosphate PO4
3-
Cyanide CN- Chromate CrO42-
Hydroxide OH- Dichromate Cr2O7
2-
Nitrate NO3- Sulfate SO4
2-
Nitrite NO2- Sulfite SO3
2-
Perchlorate ClO4-
Permanganate MnO4
-
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Homework: Due 10/30/2012Write formulas for the compounds formed between the following atoms:
aluminum and bromine
sodium and oxygen
magnesium and iodine
Pb2+ and O2−
Sn2+ and I−
Fe3+ and S2−
Cu2+ and NO3−
NH4+ and SO4
2−