War Effects World
Fighting outside of Europe War waged in East Asia -- Japanese
army expands into China German outposts in China—Battled
Japanese Fighting also in Africa – colonies
from Central Powers and colonies from Allied Powers fight each other.
African colonies begin thinking of independence from Western powers
Alliances of WWI
Middle East – Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire sided with
Germany & Central Powers Allied Strategy: Gallipoli Campaign Wanted control of the Dardanelles Also the City of Constantinople (Turk
Capital) Wanted to secure supply line to Russia Turned into Stalemate; British
eventually forced to withdraw
Dardanelles campaign
U.S. Enters War-1917 New German Policy: Unrestricted
Submarine Warfare - sink any ship in restricted waters
WHY? USA was supplying war material to Great Britain & Germany wanted to cut off the British supply line
Lusitania sank by German U-boat (1915) passenger ship 128 Americans died
American public opinion begins to favor entering the war
Zimmerman Telegram Feb 1917 Sent by German Foreign Secretary to
German Ambassador to Mexico Said that Germany would help
Mexico regain the land it lost to the U.S. if Mexico would join the Central Powers
Germany wanted Mexico to wage war against the U.S.
USA Declares War on Germany British intercepted
the message and gave it to the U.S.
President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war against Germany
Total War As war went on, countries devoted all
their resources towards war 1) Rationing of goods – coffee, bread, meat 2) Citizens were asked to donate resources
for the war effort – blankets, warm clothes, money, etc
3) Each country used Propaganda to get citizens to participate in TOTAL WAR Posters, radio, film, gov’t speakers visit schools
4) Women enter the workforce to replace men who have went to war/died
Russian propaganda posters
Russia exits the war(1918) March 1917 - Czar Nicholas II overthrown Provisional gov’t stays in war Bolshevik Revolution - Communist
gov’t comes to power - Nov. 1917 March 1918—Communist gov’t signs
peace treaty with Central Powers Treaty of Brest Litovsk – ended
Russian involvement in WWI Germany gained territory
Russian Revolution