Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
Ch 26 - FungiCh 26 - Fungi
In biology, a fungus that grows
in the form of a tangled mass of
filaments
Mold
A very small, unicellular fungus that
ferments carbohydrates into alcohol and carbon
dioxide; used to ferment beer and to
leaven bread and used as a source of vitamins
and proteinsYeast
A nonreproductive filament of a
fungus
Hypha
A carbohydrate that forms part of the exoskeleton of
arthropods and other organisms, such as
insects, crustaceans, fungi, and some algae
Chitin
The mass of fungal filaments, or
hyphae, that forms the body of a
fungus
Mycelium
A dividing wall, or partition, such as the wall between adjacent cells in
a fungal hypha, the internal wall between
adjacent s3egments of an annelid, and the thick wall between the right
and left chambers of the heartSeptum
Describes filaments that do
not have cell walls
Coenocyte
The ability of some organisms, such as
fungi, to exist in two forms, depending in
general on the temperature and
availability of nutrients
Dimorphism
A plant or fungal structure that
bears a sporangium or
spores
Sporangiophore
A specialized sac, case, capsule, or other structure that produces
spores
Sporangium
An asexual sore produced in certain fungi
Conidium
A type of hypha that bears asexual
spores called conidia
Conidiophore
In fungi, a reproductive process
in which septate hypha dry and
shatter and individual cells that
act as spores are released
Fragmentation
Asexual reproduction in
which a part of the parent organism pinches off and
forms a new organismBudding
A root-like structure in nonvascular
plants, such as mosses or
liverworts, that holds the plants in place and aids in
absorptionRhizoid
In plants, a creeping stem that can develop roots and shoots at its nodes or at its tip to form new individuals; the creeping hypha of some fungi that gives rise to new individuals
Stolon
A cell or an organ that produces
gametes
Gametangium
In members of the phylum Zygomycota, a sexual
structure that is formed by the fusion of two gametangia and that contains one or more zygotes that resulted
from the fusion of gametes produced by the
gametangiaZygosporangium
A structure that produces asexual
spores in basidiomycetes
Basidium
The part of a basidiomycete that produces
spores
Basidiocarp
An asexual spore formed by a
basidium
Basidiospore
The female sexual organ or cell in ascomycetes
Ascogonium
A reproductive structure that
produces male sex cells in flowerless
and seedless plants
Antheridium
The reproductive portion of an ascomycete
Ascocarp
The spore sac where
ascomycetes produce
ascospores
Ascus
A spore produced in an ascus by ascomycetes
Ascospore
A symbiotic association
between fungi and plant roots
Mycorrhize
A mass of cells formed by a fungus in symbiosis with a photosynthetic
partner (usually a cyanobacterium or green algae); lichen typically grow on nutrient-poor surfaces, such as rocks
and tree bark
Lichen
A toxic fungal poison that causes liver cancer; found as contaminants in
peanuts and corn; produced by a species
of the genus Aspergillus
Aflatoxin