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HAZARDS RECOGNITION,ASSESSMENT AND
CONTROL
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INTRODUCTION
BEFORE HAZARDS CAN BE CONTROLLED,they must be discovered.
Monitoring - monitoring can be defined as aset of observation and data collectionmethods used to detect and measuredeviations from plans and procedures incurrent operations.
Monitoring is an effective means of acquiringhazard information.
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INTRO.
Monitoring can involve four functions:
- Hazard identification
- Analysis- Inspection and- Accident Investigation
All four means that monitoring is performedbefore the operation begins.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Hazard is a physical situation with a potential forhuman injury, damage to property, the environment or acombination thereof.
Hazard Assessment is a systematic approach toidentify hazards in order analyze and evaluate theiroverall effect on people, property and environment.
Riskis a potential problem that exist when persons orproperties are exposed to hazards.
Accidentis an unplanned, unexpected, unforeseen andunwanted event which resulted harm to person ordamage to property.
Near-miss is a situation which almost resulted in an
accident.
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CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDS
A hazard classification system helps managersset priorities for actions to control all identifiedhazards and they are classified as follows:
Class A - a condition or practice likely to causepermanent disability, loss of life or body part,and/or extensive loss of structure, equipment ormaterial. Example: A band Saw without guard.
Class B - a condition or practice likely to causeserious injury/illness resulting in temporary disabilityor property damage that is disruptive but less thanClass A Example: Incorrect position in handling a
Radial Arm Saw.
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CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDS
Class C - a condition or practice likely to causeserious injury/illness resulting in temporarydisability or non-disruptive property damage.
Example: Carpenter observed handling roughlumber without gloves.
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HAZARD CATEGORY
I. Catastrophicmay cause death or loss offacility.
II Critical - may cause severe injury, severeoccupational illness or major propertydamage.
III. Marginal - may cause minor injury or minoroccupational illness resulting in lost
workday (s) or minor property damage.
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HAZARD.
IV. Negligible - probably would not affectpersonnel safety or health and thus less thana work lost day but nevertheless is in
violation of specific criteria.
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CAUSES OF ACCIDENT ANDILLNESS
ACCIDENT CAUSES
(Traditional)
HAZARDOUS ACTS (90%) HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS (10%)
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GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OFHAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
Bio-physical Hazards
Poor housekeeping
Noise
Poor lighting
Extreme temperatures
Mechanical Hazards
Points of operation
Power transmission points
In-running nip pointShear points
Other moving parts
Electrical Hazards
Wiring
Grounding
Power panelsOutlets and Switches
Chemical Hazards
Environmental Contamination
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HAZARD ANALYSIS/ASSESSMENT
Hazard analysis is an orderly process used toacquire specific information pertinent to a givensystem.
By locating those hazards that are the mostprobable and/or have the severest consequences,hazard analysis produce information essential in
establishing effective control measures.
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PRO-ACTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Managing health, safety and environmentalprotection has a great deal in common withmanaging other areas of responsibility.
However, it differs in a very important way.What you are managing is PREVENTION andthatrequires taking a PRO-ACTIVEMANAGEMENT APPROACH.
In most cases, less time, effort and money isrequired to prevent accidents than isrequired to react to their consequences.
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THE PRO-ACTIVE SAFETY PROCESS(PSP)
It is a practical approach to the prevention ofaccidents. In PSP, the emphasis is in discoveringwhat causes accidents and identifying where in the
work process those causes are likely to occur.
The application of PSP is a simple FOUR-STEPprocess.
1. Identification
2. Assessment
3. Intervention
4. Maintenance