Download - Us immigration
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ImmigrationCh 15.1 & 2
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New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants
immigrants had come from northern Europe since before the American Revolution– United Kingdom (England, Scotland, & Irish)– Germany– Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, & Finland)
fewer immigrants came from these countries– they already had industrialized countries
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New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants
southern & eastern Europeeastern Mediterranean
much of these areas controlled by – Russian Empire– Austro-Hungarian Empire– Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
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New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants
reasons for leaving:– overpopulation– lack of jobs– mistreatment by government
America offered:– jobs– opportunity– freedom
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Crossing the OceanCrossing the Ocean
steamships were safer & faster steamships didn’t have to worry about winds steamships could operate on any schedule
cheap passage available– single men could come to America for a few
months or years & go home
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Ellis Island: Gate to AmericaEllis Island: Gate to America 1886: Statue of
Liberty in New York Harbor
1892: Ellis Island opened as immigration center
What happened at Ellis Island?
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Medical CheckupsMedical Checkups
checked for diseases & other health impairments
depending on the disease, an immigrant could be– turned away– kept on the island until improvement
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ProcessingProcessinginspectors might ask immigrants:
– Name?– Occupation?– Who paid your fare?– Can you read & write?– How much money do you have?– Have you ever been in prison or the
poorhouse?– Where are you going?
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Name ChangesName Changes
during this processing, names often changed
names that were difficult to pronounce or spell were changed
American-sounding names
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Immigrants SettledImmigrants Settledsettled where there was work
– mines– mills– factories
beginning of 1900s half of all immigrants settled in four states– New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts,
& Illinois
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Immigrants SettledImmigrants Settled
most immigrants ended up where relatives were located– many immigrants had relatives in America
pay their way
most immigrants ended up doing similar jobs to what their relatives did
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Living conditions in USLiving conditions in US
For the poor—– TENEMENT buildings– Overcrowded, dark, unventilated apartments – 10-12 family members living in a 1-2 BR apt– Disease spread quickly, no windows– High rent for small space
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Working conditions
-Many women and children worked to support the family-“Newsies” was about the plight of child newspaper boys-Poorly lit, not properly ventilated factories-long hours
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Meanwhile…the rich lived well!
-Houses that looked like castles-Factory owners-Fashionable
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Vanderbilt estate
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Carnegie Mansion
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Rockefeller mansion