![Page 1: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
UPDATE ON FOREST HEALTH
PRESENTED TO THE
SOUTHERN INTERIOR BEETLE ACTION COALITION
Lorraine MaclauchlanForest Entomologist, Southern Interior RegionMinistry of Natural Resource OperationsKamloops, B.C.
![Page 2: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2009 2010
Mountain Pine Beetle 546,844 262,942
Douglas-fir Beetle 2,456 1,532
Spruce Beetle 11,249 3,818
Western Balsam Bark Beetle 97,324 112,382
Ha affected
Status of bark beetles in the Kamloops, Cascades and
Okanagan Shuswap Districts 2009 & 2010
![Page 3: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Milli
ons
of h
a
Mountain pine beetle in B.C. 1980-2010
Ha mapped red attack
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2007200820092010
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Thou
sand
s of
ha
red
atta
ckHa MPB in Okanagan Shuswap
District1980-2010
98,064 ha in 2010(37% decline)
![Page 6: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Thou
sand
s of
ha
red
atta
ckHa MPB in Kamloops
District1980-2010
9,878 ha in 2010(91% decline)
![Page 7: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Thou
sand
s of
ha
red
atta
ck
Ha MPB in Cascades District
1980-2010
155,000 ha in 2010(57% decline)
![Page 8: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Young pine continues to be killed by MPB and twig beetles despite
low proximity to risk
![Page 9: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
19992001
20032005
20072009
20110
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
MPB in Mature Pl (millions of ha) MPB attack in Young PlM
illio
ns o
f ha
affec
ted
by M
PB
1.96 mill. ha pine age 20-50 years
14.9 mill. ha mature pine 2008
SIR = 7,596 ha mapped in 2010
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
MPB attack in young pine in BC
Ha a
ffect
ed b
y M
PB
![Page 10: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
DOSDCS
DKADHW
DMHDQU
DCCDCH
DRM DABDCO
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200N
o. o
f sta
nds
with
MPB
5,770 ha of MPB mortality
Number of young pine stands in SIR having some level of MPB mortality
in 2010
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Spruce beetle – 29,922 ha • half in the Central Cariboo District• Decrease in the Okanagan• Still active in spots in the Kamloops &
Cascades Districts
Douglas-fir beetle – 10,809 ha• Sounds pretty low – not the whole picture • spot data not finalized & FB often not well
represented in overview mapping
Other bark beetles in the Southern Interior
![Page 12: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000He
ctar
es a
ffect
ed
Western balsam bark beetle – 186,284 ha• continuous, annual mortality by WBBB• rarely large areas of mortality, but regular
spots throughout landscape
Annual attack by Dyrocoetes confusus
![Page 13: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Defoliators in the Southern Interior
![Page 14: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Defoliating Insect Ha defoliated
Western Spruce Budworm 503,999
Two Year Cycle Budworm 91,845
Douglas-fir Tussock Moth 16,303
Western Blackheaded Budworm 93,241Western Hemlock Looper 3,318
Aspen Serpentine Leaf Miner 205,188
Forest Tent caterpillar 128,258Bruce Spanworm 1,682,631
Hectares defoliated in BC in 2010
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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
Headwaters
Okanagan Shuswap
Selkirk
Ave
. # m
oths
per
6-tr
ap c
lust
er
Population trend of western hemlock looper in 3 Districts (ave. # moths caught per 6-trap
cluster)
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2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Thou
sand
s of
ha
defo
liate
dAnnual defoliation (ha) by western spruce budworm in the Southern Interior Region
2000-2010
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1916 – 2010 western spruce budworm defoliation
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2009 western spruce budworm defoliation
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2010 western spruce budworm defoliation & spray blocks
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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
Hect
ares
spra
yed
with
B.t.
k.
Cariboo = 21,115 haKamloops = 26,572 ha
Hectares sprayed in Southern Interior Region with B.t.k. for WSB management:
2000-2010
47,6
87 h
a
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19871988
19891990
19911992
19931994
19951996
19971998
19992000
20012002
2003*2004
20052006
20072008
20092010
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
Kamloops Cariboo
Hect
ares
trea
ted
with
B.t.
k.Annual B.t.k. spray (ha) history for WSB
1987-2010
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WSB predicted defoliation levels for 2011 – number of sites falling into each severity category
DCC DCH DQU DOS DCS DKA DCK0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Nil Light Moderate Severe
Districts in Southern Interior
# si
tes
in e
ach
defo
liatio
n ca
tego
ry
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1 2 3 4 5Years
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80Ha affected
2011 should be collapse year17
,512
ha
17,9
56 h
a
2,59
7 ha
Douglas-fir Tussock Moth – an eruptive
defoliator
![Page 24: Update on Forest Health presented to the Southern Interior Beetle Action Coalition](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56816500550346895dd76da5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
19181922
19261930
19341938
19421946
19501954
19581962
19661970
19741978
19821986
19901994
19982002
20062010
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
DFTM defoliation - all outbreak areas (ha)
Year
Ha d
efol
iate
dDouglas-fir tussock moth outbreak dynamics in B.C.
Curre
nt o
utbr
eak
2008
-201
0
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Ha defoliated by Douglas-fir tussock moth and area sprayed with NPV or B.t.k. - 2007-2010
2,597 ha
17,5
12 h
atrace
17,9
56 h
a
1,447 7,637
2010 Spray Program1,447 ha treated with NPV (virus)7,637 ha treated with B.t.k.
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Area of historic DFTM defoliation1918-2002
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W Kamloops Cache Creek Pavillion Central OK0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Colapsed Nil
Severe Moderate
Light
Num
ber o
f site
s in
eac
h de
folia
tion
cate
gory
Predicted 2011 DFTM defoliation based on egg mass sampling – number of sites in each severity
category
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2011 Spray Plans for western spruce budworm & Douglas-fir
tussock mothDouglas-fir tussock moth: 6,615 ha (over 25
blocks) with B.t.k.•Pavillion Lake•MacLean Lake •W. Kamloops•Penticton/Summerland area (tentative)
Western spruce budworm: 46,000 ha with B.t.k.•21,800 in the Cariboo•25,000 ha in Kamloops
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SUMMARY• MPB still active in south & may decline if
winter cold snaps continue• Pockets of western pine beetle active in
south• Budworm declining but still over large area –
increasing in south• Tussock moth projected to collapse in most
areas after 2011 defoliation• western hemlock looper may outbreak in
2011• Other bark beetles active/scattered