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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 1
Database Application Database Application LifecycleLifecycle
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 2
DATABASE PLANNING
SYSTEMS DEFINITION
REQ’MENTS ANALYSIS
IMPLEMENTATION
DB Design
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
LOGICAL DESIGN
PHYSICAL DESIGN
APPLICATION DESIGN
DBMS SELECTION
PROTOTYPING
DATA LOADING
TESTING
MAINTENANCE
Database Application Database Application LifecycleLifecycle
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 3
•Planning factors.
•Identify planning objectives
PlanningPlanning
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 4
• Identify boundaries
• Identify interfaces within organisation
System DefinitionSystem Definition
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 5
• Information gathering
• Use of requirements specification techniques– SAD
Requirements Requirements AnalysisAnalysis
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 6
MAIN AIMS
• To represent data & relationships required
by users and applications
• To provide a data model which supports transactions
• to specify a design that meets performance requirements
Database DesignDatabase Design
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 7
Phases of database Phases of database DesignDesign
• Three main phases:
– Conceptual Database Design
– Logical database design
– Physical Database Design
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 8
Conceptual Database Conceptual Database DesignDesign
• Create a conceptual data model
• Independent of any implementation details
• Based on user requirements specification– assists in understanding data– facilitates communication
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 9
Logical database Logical database designdesign
• The data model created in the previous phase is refined
• At this point you know which type of DBMS you will implementing in - e.g. relational, object-oriented etc (but not the actual DBMS)
• Test the correctness of the data model through
normalisation
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 10
HOW to physically implement:
– derive tables & constraints
– identify storage structures and access methods
– design security features
Physical Database Physical Database DesignDesign
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 11
• Define terms of reference
• Produce shortlist
• Evaluate products
• Recommend selection and produce report
Database selectionDatabase selection
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 12
• Design transactions– data to be used by transactions– functions of the transactions– output of transactions– programs
• Design human interface– various guidelines
Application DesignApplication Design
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 13
• Building a working model
• Used to check interpretation of requirements
• Inexpensive & quick to build
PrototypingPrototyping
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 14
• Database created using DDL
• Implement application programs using selected language
• Implement security & integrity controls
ImplementationImplementation
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 15
• Transfer any existing data
• Insert any new data
Data Data Loading/ConversionLoading/Conversion
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 16
• The process of executing the application programs with the intention of finding errors.
TestingTesting
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 17
• Monitoring Performance
• Maintaining & Upgrading
MaintenanceMaintenance
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University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Three Slide 18
Further ReadingFurther Reading
• Lifecycle– Connolly & Begg, 3rd and 4th edition, chapter 9
• Conceptual Database Design– Connolly & Begg, 3rd edition, chapter 14– Connolly & Begg, 4th edition, chapter 15
• Logical Database Design– Connolly & Begg, 3rd edition, chapter 15– Connolly & Begg, 4th edition, chapter 16
• Next Week– Data Modelling & Normalisation