Download - Unit I: Matter
MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES
Unit 1
Building Blocks of Matter
Mass – A measure of the amount of matterMatter – Anything that has mass and takes up
spaceAtom - Smallest Unit of an element that
maintains the chemical identity of that element
Element – Pure substance that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances
Compound – A substance that can be broken down into simple substances (elements).
Properties and Changes in Matter
Intensive Properties – Do not Depend on amount of matter present
Extensive Properties – Depend on the amount of matter that is present
States of Matter
Solid – State of matter that has a definitive state and volume
Liquid – Definite Volume but indefinite shapeGas – Neither definite volume nor shapePlasma – High temperature physical state of
matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms
Classification of Matter -Mixtures
Mixture – A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
Homogeneous Mixture – Uniform in CompositionSolution – A homogeneous mixture in which one
substance is dissolved in anotherHeterogeneous Mixture – Non-Uniform in
compositionColloid – Particles are mixed together but not
dissolved. It will not separate upon standing. The particles are constantly colliding, which allows light to scatter, appearing cloudy.
Suspension – Particles mixed together that settle out when standing.
Pure Substances
A pure substance has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture in that
1. Every sample of a pure substance have the same characteristics throughout.
2. Every sample of a pure substance has the same composition throughout
Physical Properties and Changes in Matter
Physical Property – a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Physical Change – A change in substance that does not involve a change in the identity of a substance
Change of State – Changing of a phase of matter
Chemical Properties and Chemical Change
Chemical Property – Relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
Chemical Reaction – A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Reactants – The substances that react in a chemical change
Products – The substances that are formed by the chemical change
Physical VS Chemical Changes
Physical
substance changes state but does not change its chemical composition.
crumpling a sheet of paper
melting an ice cubecasting silver in a
moldbreaking a bottle
Chemical
substance changes into something new.
burning wooddissolving salt in
watermixing acid and basedigesting food
Physical ChangesShape and size changes Mixing and dissolving
Chemical Changes
Reactants and Products
Reactants are the substances combined to form Products.