Download - Unit I: Matter
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MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES
Unit 1
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Building Blocks of Matter
Mass – A measure of the amount of matterMatter – Anything that has mass and takes up
spaceAtom - Smallest Unit of an element that
maintains the chemical identity of that element
Element – Pure substance that can be broken down into simpler, stable substances
Compound – A substance that can be broken down into simple substances (elements).
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Properties and Changes in Matter
Intensive Properties – Do not Depend on amount of matter present
Extensive Properties – Depend on the amount of matter that is present
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States of Matter
Solid – State of matter that has a definitive state and volume
Liquid – Definite Volume but indefinite shapeGas – Neither definite volume nor shapePlasma – High temperature physical state of
matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms
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Classification of Matter -Mixtures
Mixture – A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
Homogeneous Mixture – Uniform in CompositionSolution – A homogeneous mixture in which one
substance is dissolved in anotherHeterogeneous Mixture – Non-Uniform in
compositionColloid – Particles are mixed together but not
dissolved. It will not separate upon standing. The particles are constantly colliding, which allows light to scatter, appearing cloudy.
Suspension – Particles mixed together that settle out when standing.
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Pure Substances
A pure substance has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture in that
1. Every sample of a pure substance have the same characteristics throughout.
2. Every sample of a pure substance has the same composition throughout
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Physical Properties and Changes in Matter
Physical Property – a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Physical Change – A change in substance that does not involve a change in the identity of a substance
Change of State – Changing of a phase of matter
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Chemical Properties and Chemical Change
Chemical Property – Relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
Chemical Reaction – A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Reactants – The substances that react in a chemical change
Products – The substances that are formed by the chemical change
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Physical VS Chemical Changes
Physical
substance changes state but does not change its chemical composition.
crumpling a sheet of paper
melting an ice cubecasting silver in a
moldbreaking a bottle
Chemical
substance changes into something new.
burning wooddissolving salt in
watermixing acid and basedigesting food
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Physical ChangesShape and size changes Mixing and dissolving
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Chemical Changes
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Reactants and Products
Reactants are the substances combined to form Products.