John O’BrienUNDP Regional Technical Advisor, Climate Change Mitigation
Europe & CIS, Istanbul Regional Hub, Turkey(email: [email protected])
19 October 2016
UNDP + GEFWORKSHOP
Energy Challenges
and Opportunities in Transition
Countries
Seventh International Forum : Energy for Sustainable Development
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
I - Global and Regional Overview of UNDPPortfolio on Sustainable Energy
II - Barriers to Energy Efficiency & LessonsLearned from UNDP/GEF Projects
III - UNDP Publications incl. De-RiskingApproach
IV – The Importance of a Pro-ActiveApproach
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UNDP is a key partner and Implementing Agency of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and has a portfolio globally of approx. $560 million USD for ongoing TA projects onSustainable Energy …
Africa24%
Arab States 9%
Asia and Pacific28%
Europe and CIS24%
Latin America and the Caribbean
14%
Global1%
Fig 1: Geographic Distribution of UNDP Sustainable Energy Portfolio (2016)
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Energy-Efficiency Renewable Energy Sustainable Transport
GEF – Approx $128M –All Areas
European Union - $26M -Biomass
Green Climate Fund -$20M – Energy Efficiency
UNDP works in three main areas with three main partners …UNDP and Sustainable Energy in the Europe & CIS Region:
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100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
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40 sustainable energy proj. under Implementation$148 million in GEF or GCF financing
24 projects dealing with energy-efficiency andApprox. $100 million USD
60% of all proj. deal with energy-efficiencyApprox 70% of the grant resources available
24 projects
8 projects 8 projects
Energy-Efficiency Renewable Energy Transport
Energy-Efficiency is the largest area of UNDPsupport in the field of Sustainable Energy inEurope & CIS
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Supporting energy-efficiency is consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals … in Particular SDG-7.
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Why does UNDP choose to focus on energy-efficiency in the Europe & CIS Region? Why focus on buildings?
Four Key Reasons
1. ECIS countries are among the most energy-intensive in the world(4 of the top 10 most energy intensive economies in the world in this region!)
2. Energy-Efficiency offers low cost ‘win-win’ opportunities, especially in the buildings sector that are not capital intensive
3. Working on Energy Efficiency helps address issues of fuel poverty which isclose to UNDP’s core mandate;
4. UNDP has huge experience in the area of energy-efficiency (in buildings) and there are many different projects that can be designed and implemented
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• Residential Buildings – largest category #1• Public Buildings – largest category #2• Energy-Efficient Lighting• Energy Efficiency Standards & Labels• Energy Service Companies (ESCOs)• New projects related to energy-efficiency in tourism & oil & gas sectors (e.g –
Green Ports project in Azerbaijan)
In some countries, we have two or more projects …(e.g – Russia we working with lighting, standards and appliances and buildings)
Types of EE Projects being Implemented by UNDP in ECIS Region
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Barriers to Energy Efficiency – the UNDP experience
Awareness & Information Barriers
- Public Awareness Campaigns- Stakeholder Workshops- Demonstration Projects
Legal & Regulatory Barriers
- New legislation to promote Energy-Savings- New building codes for Energy-Efficiency
Institutional Barriers
- No public institution with clear mandate and responsibility- No responsibility for data collection, monitoring & reporting (e.g – EMIS)- No incentive for state sector organizations to invest in EE (as less budget next year)
Financing Barriers
- Demo Projects (25% grant and blended finance)
- Support for Sustainable Financial Mechanisms (e.g – EE investment fund, revolving fund,
- ESCOs
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Lessons Learned – Efficiency in Buildings(PART I)
Energy Efficiency is about people and motivating people.
Appoint Energy Managers and provide the right incentives.
- No point of a Government Agency receives less money the following yearfor reducing energy consumption- No point if homeowner associations cannot borrow
People need to be given responsibility and empowered.
ESCOs and Energy Management Information Systems (EMIS) are twoKey tools which can really promote EE in buildings (e.g – Ukraine)
Finally, grants on their own do not and will not work. We also need debt finance.
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What are all the key factors and lessons learned;
Effectively addressing legal, regulatory, and policy barriers is key to achieve transformational changes;
Sucessful projects deliver sustainable outcomes (e.g – EMIS being implementedat the end of the project, not just we replicated some software and built a database)
Ability to Undertake Adaptive Management while project is underway is absolutely essential (e.g. – Croatia Energy Efficiency Project);
Lessons Learned – Efficiency in Buildings(PART II)
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UNDP Publications including De-Risking
Available at www.undp.org/DREI
1) Transforming on Grid Renewable Energy Markets(published in 2012)
2) De-risking Renewable Energy Investment(published in 2015)
3) De-risking Investment in Energy Efficiency(expected 2017)
Policy De-Risking + Financial De-Risking
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Public Policy Instruments Available for De-Risking RE inv
Select Cornerstone Instrument
Select Financial Derisking Instruments
Select Policy Derisking Instruments
DirectFinancial Incentive
(If positive incremental cost)
Feed-in tariff
Long-term RE targets
Streamlined licensing
Project development facility
Partial risk guarantees
Political risk insuranceFiT Price Premium
Examples: Examples:
Examples:
Examples:
PPA-based bidding process
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Source: UNDP, Derisking Renewable Energy Investment (2015). See Annex A of the report for full assumptions. All assumptions (technology costs, capital structure etc.) except for financing costs are kept constant between the developed and developing country.Operating costs appear as a lower contribution to LCOE in developing countries due to discounting effects from higher financing costs.
UNDP Publications including De-Risking – Explaining the Approach
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Recent UNDP Publications on Energy-Efficiency & Renewable Energy
http://www.eurasia.undp.org/content/rbec/en/home/library/environment_energy.html
Selected UNDP publications - Sustainable energy & energy efficiency in Europe & CIS region
ECIS Region ECIS Region Kazakhstan Uzbekistan
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1. Improve Insulation2. Replace your windows3. Install efficient lighting - CFLs
or LEDs4. Shop for efficient household
appliances5. Don’t over use householder
appliances (e.g –heating, air conditioning)
6. Consider solar panels for your rooff
7. Undertake an energy audit8. Consider to plant shady
landscaping (e.g – trees)9. Install programmable
thermostadt10.Switch off gadgets when not in
use11.Set waster heater setting to
‘warm’
Specific Steps you can take to improveEnergy-efficiency in your home
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