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Understanding the Brain
The Brain Song
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The Brain Q & A T/F- People use only 10% of their
brain.
T/F- People with larger brains are more intelligence.
T/F- The brain gets better with use.
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The Nervous SystemCentral Nervous System & Peripheral Nervous System(brain & spinal cord) (nerves, organs, muscles)
Autonomic Somatic (involuntary)
(voluntary)
Sympathetic Parasympathetic(arouses body) (calms body)
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Ways to Measure the Brain EEG CAT (CT) Scan MRI Scan PET Scan
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Electroencephalograph (EEG)
Monitors the electrical activity of the brain- brain waves
Used in clinical diagnosis of various neurological disorders
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Brain Imaging- CAT Scan X-ray beam moves all
around the patient, scanning from hundreds of different angles.
Portrays only brain structure.
Used to diagnose a wide variety of ailments (head trauma, cancer, tumors).
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Brain Imaging- PET Scan examine brain function monitor chemical
processes such as neurotransmitters
Person receives an injection of radioactive substance
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Brain Imaging- MRI Similar to CAT scan but better
picture due to higher resolution Uses radio waves to capture
picture of the brain The energy released by different
structures generates an image on a computer screen.
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MRI Machine
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Three Main Regions of the Brain
1. Hindbrain- lower part of brain stem (pons & medulla), & cerebellum
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Three Main Regions of the Brain
2. Midbrain- upper brainstem (reticular formation)
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Three Main Regions of the Brain
3. Forebrain- largest & most complex limbic system (hippocampus, hypothalamus,
thalamus, amygdala) at the center cerebral cortex & lobes can be seen
externally
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Cerebral Cortex - layer of cells covering the surface of the brain.
It’s divided into 4 Lobes
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Frontal Lobe Prefrontal Cortex Personality- how we
behave in social settings, impulse control
Plans & decision making Motor cortex- controls
all voluntary movements
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Phineas Gage example of prefrontal cortex damage
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Phineas Gage- example of prefrontal cortex damage
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Phineas Gage- example of prefrontal cortex damage
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Parietal Lobe- Process info from body parts
Somatosensory Cortex- sense of touch
Sense of touch, feeling temperature & pain
Phantom Limb syndrome
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Temporal Lobe Involves hearing,
speaking, understanding written & verbal words
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Occipital Lobe Processes visual
information Visual Agnosia-
inability to recognize whole parts
Neglect Syndrome- unable to see objects on the opposite side of the brain damage