Understanding SOA -Service Oriented Architectures
Lauren FareseSenior Technical ManagerOracle Corporation
“This presentation is for informational purposes only and may not be incorporated into a contract or agreement.”
Agenda
• Distributed Computing• Service Delivery Platform• Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
• Benefits• Oracle Fusion Middleware
Phase IPhase IDownsizeDownsize
• Client/ServerClient/Server• DCE DCE
Phase IIPhase IIComponentsComponents
• CORBACORBA• DCOMDCOM• EJBEJB
Phase IIIPhase IIIMessagingMessaging
• MOMMOM
History of Distributed ComputingHistory of Distributed Computing
Distributed Computing and Software Architecture Evolution
Grid Computing
Service Computing
Multi-Tier
Client-Server
Remote Access
Host-Based Structured
Component-Based
Object-Oriented
Web Services
Time Tim
e
Grid and Services Convergence
Grid and Services Convergence
Issues with Existing Models
• Proprietary protocols• Interoperability• Platform lock-in
• Inflexible
What is Service Computing? • Providing technical solutions to the business that are
derived directly from the business processes they support.
• Decomposing business processes into discrete business services used to produce IT-enabled business processes for internal and external consumption.
• Systematically creating new services by rewiring and integrating existing services and business processes.
Why Service Computing?
Accelerate Response to Changing Conditions
Increase Visibility Into Operations
Maximize Investments - Reuse Existing IT Assets
Align Functional and IT Focus Around Functional Priorities
Non-Service Computing Application Environment
Application-1
Application-2
Application-3
Messaging
Manual
Batch
Silo Everything
User Interface
User Interface
User Interface
Server
Server
Server
Storage
Storage
Storage
• No shared user–interface
• No shared business rules
• No shared data models
• No shared storage
• No shared hardware server
• No shared database
Manual, Batch, or Point-to-Point Messaging Integration
Service Computing Application Environment
Shared StorageShared Servers
Shared Business ServicesEnterprise-Organization-
Departmental Portal
Virtualized Everything• Shared Software Services Support Business Services
• Applications Defined by Collaboration of Services and Composite Services
• Shared Business Rules within Services
• Shared data models
• Enterprise Portal Provides Access to Services
• Shared Server and Storage for Increased Scalability and Availability
• Shared, Clustered database
Services Provide Integration
What is SOA ?
• Evolution of distributed computing• Application functions are modularized and
presented as services• IT architecture for synchronous and
asynchronous applications• Services are loosely coupled
• Service interface is independent of the implementation
Why SOA ? – The Cruel Reality
ScreenScrape
ScreenScrape
ScreenScrape
ScreenScrape
MessageQueue
MessageQueue
MessageQueue
DownloadFile
DownloadFile
DownloadFile
TransactionFile
TransactionFile
TransactionFile
ORB
ORB
CICS Gateway
CICS Gateway
APPC
APPCRPC
RPC
TransactionFile
Sockets
Sockets
Message
Message
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application
Source: Gartner
Why SOA ? - The Reality of Modern Business
• Geographic, Departmental Evolution
• Mergers & Acquisitions (M & A)
• Compliance issues• Difficult to Answer Simple
Questions• Costly to Operate• Inflexible
Difficult to achieve benefits of an Information-Driven Enterprise
E-Business Suite
Siebel
LegacySAP
Web Services
Suppliers
PeopleSoft
BusinessIntelligence
Why SOA : Monolithic ApplicationsInflexible, Inefficient, Hard to Maintain
Print InvoicesPrint Invoices
Generate POsGenerate POs
Credit Credit Verification 1Verification 1
User User Authentication 1Authentication 1
Account Account Validation 1Validation 1
Create Create CustomersCustomers
Credit Credit Verification 2Verification 2
User User Authentication 2Authentication 2
Account Account Validation 2Validation 2
•Hard to adapt to changing business requirements
•Duplication of functionality means wasted resources
•Small fixes require large investments of time and labor
Why You Care? Re-Developing Applications is Expensive, Orchestration is Not
Application Components Known as Services
BuzzJ2EE, Web Services,Service Enablement
Ability to Orchestrate ServicesInto Composite Applications
BuzzComposite Applications,
Orchestration, ESB, BPEL
SOA Platform toDesign, Build, Integrate,Deploy, Secure, Manage
AS 10g
SOA: Service Oriented Architecture
OracleOracleFinancialsFinancials
Standard InterfaceStandard Interface
Custom OrderCustom OrderApplicationApplication
Standard InterfaceStandard Interface
New WebNew Web ApplicationApplication
Standard InterfaceStandard Interface
SiebelSiebelCRMCRM
Standard InterfaceStandard Interface
Mainframe HRMainframe HRApplicationApplication
Standard InterfaceStandard Interface
.NET Inventory.NET InventoryApplicationApplication
Standard InterfaceStandard Interface
New Supply Chain Management ApplicationNew Supply Chain Management Application(Business Process or Composite Application)(Business Process or Composite Application)
Benefits of SOA
• Respond to business changes• Address new needs with existing applications• Unlock existing application investments• Support new channels & complex interactions• Support organic business
Anatomy of a Service
Service ConsumerService Consumer
Interface ProxyInterface Proxy
ServiceServiceInterfaceInterface
ServiceServiceImplementationImplementation
New ServiceNew Service
WrappedWrappedLegacyLegacy
CompositeCompositeServiceService
Service Oriented Architecture
MonolithicApplications
ServicesCheck
InventoryCustomer
Update
EmployeeRecord
Database
J2EE App
ERP
Legacy
CheckAvailability
Service Delivery Platform - Standards
SOA ToolsApp Dev Framework
SOAP, WSDL, UDDISOAP, WSDL, UDDI
WS-I Basic ProfileWS-I Basic Profile
Web Service PolicyWeb Service Policy
Web Service TransactionsWeb Service Transactions
Web Service Reliable MessagingWeb Service Reliable Messaging
J2EE 1.4/ .Net/ ……..J2EE 1.4/ .Net/ ……..
Web Service SecurityWeb Service Security
Web Service OrchestrationWeb Service Orchestration
Web Service Distributed ManagementWeb Service Distributed Management
Web Service CoordinationWeb Service Coordination
Web Service Choreography Web Service Choreography TPM, Mainframe,
Legacy Sys
Applications
Databases
B2B PartnersMiddleware (Oracle Fusion Middleware)Middleware (Oracle Fusion Middleware)
WSDL
Web Service(J2EE, PL/SQL,
.NET,C/C++,Legacy …)
Web ServiceClient
(J2EE, .NET,PL/SQL …)
Points to description
DescribesService
FindsService
Invokes withXML Messages
SOAP, WSDL, UDDI
SOAP
UDDI Registry
Points to service
Interoperability of Web Services
• Web Services Interoperability• Develops profiles• Suggests best practices• Provides testing tools
• Runtime and tools uptake • Oracle JDeveloper analysis• OracleAS compliance
J2EE 1.4 - Web Services
DescriptionJava APIsfor XML
Java API for XML Registries
Java API for XML Remote Procedure CallJAX-RPC
SAAJ
Java API for XML Data Binding
SOAP API for Attachments in Java
JAXP
JAXB
JAXR
Java API for XML Parsing
Stateless Session EJB Endpoint ModelEJB 2.1
Web Services Deployment ModelJSR 109
Web Services Reliability
ApplicationLayer
SOAP NodeWith
Reliable Messaging
ApplicationLayer
SOAP NodeWith
Reliable Messaging
Msg
Ack
Sender Receiver
• At least once semantics• At most once semantics
• Guaranteed message ordering • Exactly once semantics
Web Services Security
ClientWS-Security
JAX-RPC Service Endpoint
JAX-RPC Client
TransportHTTP, JMS
SOAPMessage
SOAPMessage
SOAPMessage
SOAPMessage
ServerWS-Security
Add AuthToken
EncryptSign
DecryptCheck
Signature
Check Signature
DecryptChck Auth
Token
SignEncrypt
• Authentication• User name/password token• X.509 token
• XML Digital Signatures• XML Encryption
Response
Request
Web Services Orchestration
BPELBPEL
Credit RatingCredit Rating
WSDLWSDL
Service BusService Bus
Star LoanStar Loan
Loan EntryLoan Entry United LoanUnited Loan
AADDAAPPTTEERR
AADDAAPPTTEERR
WWSSDDLL
FulfillmentFulfillment
AADDAAPPTTEERR
Application ServerApplication Server
Web Services Management
Web ServicesClient Management
JAX-RPC Service Endpoint
JAX-RPC Client
TransportHTTP, JMS
SOAPMessage
SOAPMessage
SOAPMessage
SOAPMessage
Web ServicesServer Management
WS-Security
WS-Reliability
Auditing/Logging
WS-Reliability
Auditing/Logging
WS-Security
Auditing/Logging
WS-Reliability
WS-Security
Auditing/Logging
WS-Reliability
WS-Security
Web Services Management• Managing and deploying operational policies
across applications and Web services• Layer best-practice security and management
across all services
• No modifications to applications or services• Support WS-* standards
• Can secure/manage Web services implemented in heterogeneous languages and environments
Web Services ManagementBUILDPolicies
ENFORCEPolicies
MONITORPolicies
PolicyManager
PolicyGateway
PolicyAgents Web Service
Monitor
Web Services
Policy Enforcement and Visibility: Monitoring
•Provide real-time visibility into Web Service interactions
•Automatic issue resolution by dynamic policy updates•Alerts about anomalies•Enforce policies•Validate compliance with IT best practices
ServiceServiceConsumersConsumers
Service Service ProvidersProviders
Service Communication
• Communicate with messages• No knowledge about partner• Likely heterogeneous
Service Interfaces andService Interfaces andService ImplementationsService Implementations
Service ConsumersService Consumers
Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
Service Service RulesRules
& Config& ConfigCh
ang
eC
han
ge
Service Platform (Virtual)
Co
ntr
ol
Co
ntr
ol
Service Service Reporting Reporting & Mgmt& Mgmt
An ESB Moves Data
ConnectConnectAdaptersAdaptersApps EventsApps EventsMetadataMetadataSecuritySecurityWS ManagerWS Manager
EnrichEnrichTransformationTransformationValue MappingsValue MappingsSystem XrefSystem XrefBusiness RulesBusiness Rules
DistributeDistributeRoutingRoutingProtocol BusProtocol BusMessagingMessagingGatewaysGatewaysInteroperabilityInteroperability
Monitoring and Configuration Monitoring and Configuration
Evolution of the Bus
ERP
Legacy
CRM
Proprietary Messaging
WSDLWSDL
WSDL
B2B
.NETPortal
WSDL WSDL
WSDL
Standards Based Messaging
Multi Protocol Bus
ERP
Legacy
CRM
WSDLWSDL
WSDL
SOAP/HTTP/ Reliable SOAP
OEMS, JMS, MQ, TIBCO
Local, In Memory
B2B
.NETPortal
WSDL WSDL
WSDL
Des
ign
Man
age
ESB enables SOA and EDA
• SOA – Service Oriented Architecture• Distributed, Web Services• WSDL, SOAP, XML, XSD• Registry Lookup, UDDI• Request / Reply
• EDA – Event Driven Enterprise• Message Oriented• Qualities of Service• Asynchronous Publish / Subscribe
Business VisibilityBusiness Visibility BusinessBusinessActivity MonitoringActivity Monitoring
Business ProcessBusiness ProcessOptimizationOptimization
SOA, EDA, ESB,SOA, EDA, ESB,BPM, RulesBPM, Rules
Better Quality Better Quality InformationInformation
Data HubsData HubsBusiness IntelligenceBusiness Intelligence
Ubiquitous Ubiquitous Information AccessInformation Access
Multi-ChannelMulti-ChannelComputingComputing
Improve WorkplaceImprove WorkplaceProductivityProductivity Enterprise PortalsEnterprise Portals
Greater AgilityTechnology Provides Solutions
Customer Needs Optimize Processes & Applications to Change
Share Information & Collaborate Productively
Build Flexible,AdaptableApplications
Take Decisions with Better Quality Information
Lower Technology Costs
Secure Access & Reduce Risks
DeveloperDeveloperProductivityProductivity
Integrated ServiceIntegrated ServiceEnvironmentEnvironment
Mainframe QOSMainframe QOSon Cheap HWon Cheap HW Grid ComputingGrid Computing
TechnologyTechnologyOptimizationOptimization
Systems Systems ManagementManagement
Security ComplianceSecurity Compliance Identity Identity ManagementManagement
Customization &Customization &MaintenanceMaintenance
Metadata & LifecycleMetadata & LifecycleManagementManagement
Lower CostsTechnology Provides Solutions
Oracle’s Response
Flexibility and Speed are Advantages
Service Oriented Architecture Grid Computing
SOA
React to changing processes React to changing demand
Application Server Clusters
Database Clusters
Networked Storage
Oracle Fusion MiddlewareModular & ConfigurableModular & Configurable
ApplicationsApplications SOA, Faces, EJBSOA, Faces, EJB
Flexible BusinessFlexible BusinessProcessesProcesses WSIF, ESB, BPELWSIF, ESB, BPEL
Actionable BusinessActionable BusinessIntelligenceIntelligence Hubs, BI, BAMHubs, BI, BAM
EnhancedEnhancedEmployee ProductivityEmployee Productivity
Portals, Mobile,Portals, Mobile,CollaborationCollaboration
Lowest TCOLowest TCO Grid, Systems Mgmt Grid, Systems Mgmt
Enhanced Security &Enhanced Security &ComplianceCompliance
Identity Mgmt,Identity Mgmt,Web Services MgmtWeb Services Mgmt
Oracle Fusion Middleware Overview
Cross Platform
Application Server• Oracle Application Server• WebLogic Server• WebSphere• JBoss
Database• Oracle Database• SQL Server• Oracle Lite• Sybase• DB2
IDE• JDeveloper• Eclipse
Operating Systems• Linux• Window XP/2003• Solaris• HP UX• AIX
Example: DSL Provisioning at BelgacomApplication for the provisioning and activation of DSL lines. Belgacom is processing up to 15,000 DSL provisions / day through SOA and BPEL processes which link their customer interfaces and OSS layer, managing activation and repair.
Struts
BPEL
Telco Activation Services
DSL Activation Manager
6000+ network equipment endpoints (SLEE gateway)
SDSL Activation Manager
Sales/Customer Service Interfaces and Order Review
Exception Management
Billing Services
Account Management Services
Reporting Services
Register for New ServiceSelf-service web appCall CenterTroubleshooting Request
Application Server
Oracle Applications-Exposing Services
SOAP WSDL
XML Gateway WSG Integration Broker
SOAP WSDL SOAP WSDL
All Oracle Applications can expose Web Services
No add on products required to get “Services”
Services provide the foundation for deep and adaptive industry processes.
Inventory CheckOrder Publish
Status Update “Shipped”Status Update “Complete”
Order To Invoice Process Flow
Further ReadingProduct
Details
•Authors: Dirk Krafzig, Karl Banke, Dirk Slama•Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR (November 9, 2004) •Language: English •ISBN: 0131465759
•Author: David Chappell •Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Inc.; 1 edition (June, 2004) •Language: English •ISBN: 0596006756
Product Details
•Author: Eric Newcomer, Greg Lomow•Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional (December 14, 2004) •Language: English •ISBN: 0321180860
Further Reading
•Melissa Cook•Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR; 1 edition (January 22, 1996) •ISBN: 0134402561
•Howard Smith & Peter Fingar
•Publisher: Meghan-Kiffer Press;
(August 2003)
•ISBN: 0929652355
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