Download - Types of natural disasters tam-2014-01
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NATURE OF DISASTER AND ITS TYPES
S.TEJASWITHA
TAM/2014-01
S
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DISASTER
• Disaster is an overwhelming disruption occuring on a scale sufficient to require outside assistance. -PAHO 1980
• Disasters are exceptional events which kill large number of people. -RED CROSS
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WHAT IS A DISASTER
• Extreme weather events• Extreme geologic event• Industrial mishaps• Famine• Major populaton displacement
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NATURE OF DISASTER
• It may occur suddenly in Time.
• May develop over a period of time.
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What disasters would and could effect our community?
MANMADE
NATURAL
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Natural and Manmade Disasters
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Natural Disasters
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Types of Natural Disasters
• Tornadoes• Hurricanes• Earthquakes• Volcanoes • Floods• Tsunamis• Winter Storms• Wildfires• Avalanches• Land slides• Droughts• Cyclones
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Tornadoes
• Rotating, funnel-shaped clouds from powerful thunderstorms
• Winds up to 300 MPH capable of producing major damage
• More occur in the United States than anywhere else in the world; they occur in every state in America.
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TORNADO
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Effects of Tornadoes in Alabama
Tuscaloosa County: December 16, 2000
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Hurricanes
• Massive severe storms occurring in the tropics
• Winds greater than 75 MPH• Clouds & winds spin around the eye• Produce heavy rains, high winds, large
waves, and spin-off tornadoes• :
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Effects of Alabama Hurricanes
Hurricane Frederick - 1979 Hurricane Ivan 2005
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HURRICANE
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Earthquakes
• Shaking caused by movements of plates in the earth’s crust
• Occur along faults – borders between two plates
• Occur most often along the Ring of Fire
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Volcanoes
• More than 500 active volcanoes in the world; over half in the Ring of Fire
• Pressure builds below the earth’s surface producing eruptions of lava, rock, and volcanic gases
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Volcano
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Floods
• Result from heavy rains• May involve rivers overflowing, storm
surge/ocean waves, & dams or levees breaking
• Most common natural hazard• Flashfloods = floods that happen
very fast
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Tsunamis
• Form as a result of earthquakes, volcanoes, or landsides under the ocean
• Waves grow taller as they reach the coast• Four out of Five occur in the Ring of Fire• Over 200,000 people killed in the 12/26/05
Indian Ocean tsunami
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Effects of TsunamisIndian Ocean Tsunami – December 26, 2005
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Winter Storms
• May include snow, ice storms, sleet, freezing rain, and extremely cold temperatures
• Most deaths occur in automobiles• Storms may cause widespread power
outages
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Wildfires
• Occur in forests, grasslands, and wooded areas
• Most common causes: lightning and human accidents
• Burn more than 4 million acres in the U.S. each year
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Man-Made Disasters
• Biological• Chemical• Nuclear• Radiological• Explosions
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Biological Threats
• A biological attack is a release of germs or other biological substances. Many agents must be inhaled, enter through a cut in the skin or be eaten to make you sick. Some biological agents can cause contagious diseases, others do not.
• Anthrax virus,Ebola virus.
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Chemical Threats
• A chemical attack is the deliberate release of a toxic gas, liquid or solid that can poison people and the environment.
• Chemical spills can also wreak havoc on the environment.
• Ex:Bhopal tragedy a toxic gas is released i.e; methyl iso cyanide.
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Nuclear Threats• Nuclear threat that occur recently in
japan.• Che mobyl nuclear accident.
Radiation Threats• .
• It is NOT a nuclear blast.
• The force of the explosion and radioactive contamination.
will be more localized.
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SOME OTHER EXAMPLES OF MAN MADE DISASTERS.
• Hiroshima and nagasaki atomic blast.• Open oil spills in gulf of mexico.