Types of Merchant Ships- Introduction-
A ship
Basic vocabulary 1 Write definitions for the words below:
Radar
Pilot house (wheelhouse)
Upper deck
Capstan
Basic vocabulary 1Radar: apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves.
Pilot house: a room in the superstructure containing navigation and steering equipment.
Upper deck: higher deck on a ship.
Capstan: vertical – axled winch that can be used to apply force to a cable, rope, etc.
Basic vocabulary 2Write definitions for the words below:
Hawsehole (hawsepipe)
Anchor
Bow
Bulwark
Flagpole
Boom
Basic vocabulary 2Hawsehole (hawsepipe): opening in the front of a ship for anchor cables.Anchor: a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving.Bow: part at the front of a boat that cleaves the water.Bulwark: protective rim of the upper deck.Flagpole: post used to hoist flags.Boom: post used to load and unload goods.
Classification of ships according to what they carry or jobs they perform
PEOPLECruise linerPassenger linerHydrofoilHovercraft
Passenger Liner
Cruise Liner
Hydrofoil
Basic Vocabulary 3Write definitions for the words below:
Hydrofoil boat
Stern
Stack
Windlass
Basic Vocabulary 3Hydrofoil boat: high-speed ship which lifts
above the water surface at speed.
Stern: the rear part of a ship
Stack (funnel): conical shaped structure consisting of a shaft for ventilation and the passage of smoke .
Windlass: horizontal– axled winch that is used to hoist an anchor.
Hovercraft
Hovercraft
Basic vocabulary 4Write definitions for the words below:
Hovercraft
Rudder
Gearbox
Basic vocabulary 4Hovercraft: transport vehicle that moves on a cushion of air.
Rudder: apparatus for turning the boat.
Gearbox: device which reduces or multiplies angular velocity.
Combined / mixed typesPassenger – Car ferryGeneral cargo shipRo-Ro passenger ship
Ferry
Special purpose shipOil tanker (ULCC, VLCC)Chemical carrier LPG carrierLNG carrierFPSO (Floating production storage and
offloading)
Oil tanker (side view)
Oil tanker 1oil tanker = petroleum tanker
designed for the bulk transport of oil
Basic types:Crude tanker (carries large quantities of unrefined
oil from its point of extraction to refineries)Product tanker (smaller / carries petrochemicals
from refineries to points near consuming markets)
Oil tanker 2VLC – very large crude carrier (200,000 –
300,000 dwt)
ULCC – ultra large crude carrier (> 300,000 dwt)
Chemical carrier= type of tanker designed to transport
chemicals in bulk
has separate cargo tanks - coated
LPG carrier
LNG carrier
FPSO
FPSO= floating production, storage and offloading
used by the offshore industry for processing hydrocarbons and storage of oil
hydrocarbons produced from nearyby platforms are received, processed, stored, offloaded
Special purpose shipContainer shipRo-Ro shipCar carrier Bulk carrier
Container ship
Container shiprapid growth ofcontainer transport
cargo can be transported from customer to customer
TEU (twenty feet equivalent unit)FEU (forty feet equivalent unit)
Ro – Ro ship
Ro-Ro shiproll on / roll off
wheeled cargo (automobiles, trucks, etc.)
ramps
Bulk carrier
Bulk carriercarries unpackaged bulk cargo (grain, coal,
ore, cement) in cargo holds
bulk cargo can be dense, corrosive and abrasive -> cargo shifting ; spontaneous combustion
Basic vocabulary 5Write definitions for the words below:
Navigation bridge
Container
Loading crane
Bulbous bow
Basic vocabulary 5Navigation bridge: raised platform from which a vessel is controlled.
Container: standard sized boxlike object used for transporting goods.
Loading crane: apparatus used to lift and operate cargo (containers).
Bulbous bow: a protruding bulb at the bow of a ship just below the waterline.
Special purpose vesselsHarbour tugOcean -going tugSupplierDredgerLASH shipHeavy-lift vessel
Tugboat
Tugboathighly manoeuverable
powerful for their size / strongly built
Supplier
Supplier= supply ship
designed to supply offshore oil platforms
transports goods and personnel to and from offshore oil platforms
Grab dredger
Grab dredgerused to maintain or deepen channels and
fairways
LASH SHIPLighter aboard ship
Loading of barges (lighters)
Heavy-lift vessel
Heavy-lift vesselmoves vary large loads that cannot be
handled by normally equipped ships
semi-submersible
Special purpose vesselsCablelayerIcebreakerOil drilling vesselResearch ship
Icebreaker
Icebreakerhulls which are strengthened for navigation
in ice
reinforced stem
Fishing vesselsTrawlerFreezer trawlerFishery factory shipWhale shipWhale factory ship
Trawler
Trawlerengaged in all-the-year-round fishing
must therefore be a strong, sturdy vessel able to work in the worst of weather
Freezer trawlercan remain at sea for many weeks longer
than this as the catch is sorted, washed, gutted and then frozen into about 40 kg-blocks and retained at a temperature of about -28°C, until port is reached.
Fish factorythe catch is not only cleaned and gutted, but
also filleted, skinned and processed ready for the market