![Page 1: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku Coastal Area
Junichi HIROTA Iwate University
November 15, 2013
Asian National Park Conference, in Sendai
![Page 2: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. TSUNAMI DAMAGE
1
![Page 3: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
(資料)社会実情データ図録(http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/)
2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami: the Largest Natural Disaster in Post-War Japan
Number of Dead and Missing, by Post-War Natural Disaster
2011Tohoku
Earthquake
15,859 dead and missing
1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake
1959 Isewan Tyhoon
![Page 4: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Rate of Dead and Missing, by City, Town and Village(Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures)
2011.4.17 現在 Dead and Missing, Percentage of
Population as of March 2011
Ishinomaki Bay
Damage in Southern Sanriku, Especially Serious
Sanriku North
Sanriku South
Sanriku South
Sendai Bay
![Page 5: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Area Flooded by Tsunami (by City, Town and Village)
(出所)社会実情データ図録 (原資料)国土地理院 http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/4363d.html
In Iwate, Flooded area was smaller, but the rate of buildings(red) flooded was higher. In Miyagi, Flooded area was larger, and most of the flooded area was agricultural land(green),.
Iwate
Miyagi
Ishinomaki
Rikuzen-takata
![Page 6: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
5
Maps of North and Central Sanriku Flooded Area
Otsuchi, Iwate Prefecture
Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture
Tanohata-mura, Iwate Prefecture
国土地理院:津波浸水範囲の土地利用http://www.gsi.go.jp/common/000060279.png
0 1 5 ㎞
Many buildings were flooded
![Page 7: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Shimakoshi of Tanohata-mura in Northern Sanriku
Most of houses were destroyed and
passed away by Tsunami
![Page 8: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Only two houses remained, and temporarily used as shelters.
Sanriku Tetsudou Kouka Bridge
April 2, 2011. (Photo by Hirota)
![Page 9: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
8
Flooded areas of Southern Sanriku Area
国土地理院:津波浸水範囲の土地利用http://www.gsi.go.jp/common/000060279.png
0 1 5 ㎞
Much of Flooded area was land with buildings.
In Rikuzentakata, many paddy fields were also flooded.
Rikuzen-takata city
Ofunato city
![Page 10: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
国土地理院:平成23年(2011年)東北地方太平洋沖地震による被災地の空中写真 http://cyberjapandata.gsi.go.jp/h23taiheiyo-ok/photo/kokudo45s/thumb/C16/CTO-2010-6X-C16_0010.jpg
Rikuzentakata, Iwate
The city area was completely destroyed.
Almost 30% of city employees were killed, and city hall was destroyed. The government also stopped functioning.
City Hall
City
Gymnasium
Dead and Missing:1,771 person Rate Dead and Missing: 10.4%
![Page 11: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
March 28, 2011. (Photo by Hirota)
In front of JR Rikuzentakata Station
![Page 12: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
March 28, 2011. Rikuzentakata City Hall (Hirota)
![Page 13: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
March 28, 2011 (Hirota)
![Page 14: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
13
Flooded Maps in Sendai Bay Areas,
国土地理院:津波浸水範囲の土地利用http://www.gsi.go.jp/common/000060279.png
0 1 5 ㎞
A large area of paddy
fields (green) was
flooded.
Agricultural settlements
(red) suffered
devastating damage.
![Page 15: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Shinhama Village of Yamamoto town, Miyagi Prefecture Communities and paddy fields on the coast were damaged, and a large area was flooded. Inland public facilities were safe, but city hall sustained earthquake damage.
Rate dead and missing 4.6% Disaster victims 15.4%
国土地理院:平成23年(2011年)東北地方太平洋沖地震による被災地の空中写真 http://jmc.gsi.sakura.ad.jp/h23taiheiyo-ok/photo/kokudo45s/thumb/C24/CTO-2010-6X-C24_0019.jpg
![Page 16: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Shinhama Village in Yamamoto Town : May 25, 2011
Photo by Hirota
Only basement of houses are left.
![Page 17: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Paddy Field and Drainage Pump, Shinhama Village
Photo by Hirota
: May 25th , 2011
![Page 18: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2. TSUNAMI COMES BACK
17
![Page 19: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Every 60 to 80 Years: A Great Tsunami Comes!
18
Keicho Meiji Showa Higashinihon Population of Japan, With Tsunami Years Marked
平成17年度 少子化社会白書
![Page 20: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Meiji Sanriku Tsunami (1896)
Dead and Missing (person) Iwate 18,158 Miyagi 1,452 All Japan 21,920
19 Kamaishi city
![Page 21: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Showa Sanriku Tsunami(1933)
Dead and Missing (person) Iwate 2,713 Miyagi 308 All Japan 3,064
20
釜石市HP:http://www.city.kamaishi.iwate.jp/kyoudo/kamaishi/tsunami_shouwa.html
![Page 22: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
21 建設省国土地理院(1961):チリ地震津波調査報告書
Higher Ground Plans, Kojirahama
Area, Toni-cho (1933)
Kojirahama Area, Toni-chi (2002)
数値地図(平成14年2万5千分の1地形図図式)
Movement to Higher Ground: Kojirahama Village, Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami)
![Page 23: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
22
Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi
March 14, 2011, after Tsunami April 27, 2005, before Tsunami
![Page 24: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
3. RECOVERY PLAN
23
![Page 25: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Rikuzentakata Recovery Plan
24 Before Thunami Just After Thunami
City completely destroyed
![Page 26: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Rikuzentakata Recovery Plan
5
New JR Ofunato
Line New JR Ofunato
Line
New City Above JR Ofunato Line
![Page 27: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Rikuzentakata Recovery Plan
• Original residence areas will be dispersed into different area on higher ground.
• Exsting communities will be broken up and new communities will have to be formed.
6
Residence Areas Dispersed
![Page 28: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Tanohata-mura village recovery plan
田野畑村復興整備計画(第3回変更,平成25年3月26日公表)
Part of the communities will move as a group to higher ground.
The original communities will be separated into over two places on higher ground and nearer the ocean.
Shimanokoshi
community
![Page 29: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
4. CHALLENGES FOR RECOVERY
28
![Page 30: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Challenges for Recovery (1) Population Loss
・Three Prefectures Hit by the Disaster Suffering from Drastic Population Loss
Coastal Areas of 3 Prefectures 3 Prefectures Japan (exept 3 Prefectures)
![Page 31: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Challenges for Recovery (2) Public Infrastructure
Seawalls and Fishing Harbors are poor recoveried.
30
Seawalls Agricultural lands
Fishing Horbors
![Page 32: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Challenges for Recovery (3) Housing recovery
• Projects for public housing, movement to higher ground and land readjustment have just begun.
• It will take time to complete these projects.
31
Puvlic housing
Movement to higher ground
Movement to higher ground
Land readjustment
started
finished
started
started
started
finished
finished
finished
![Page 33: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Challenges for Recovery (4) Community recovery
• Above mentioned
![Page 34: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Challenges for Recovery (5) Nature Restoration
• Only a few plans focus on nature restoration.
Restoration of Otomoura (Rikuzentakata) – In 1968, tidelands were made into paddy fields. – The paddy fields were destroyed in 2011 tsunami. – It was decided to restore tidelands. – Before 1968, tideland was paradise for clamming, etc.
東海新報社:http://www.tohkaishimpo.com/scripts/index_main.cgi?mode=kiji_zoom&cd=nws8465
![Page 35: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Restoration of Tidelands(Otomo, Rikuzentakata)
34
国土地理院「平成23年(2011年)東北地方太平洋沖地震正射画像」http://saigai.gsi.go.jp/h23taiheiyo-zort/block/kamaishi.jpg
![Page 36: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
IN CLOSING
35
![Page 37: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Sanriku Fukko (Reconstruction) National Park
Established in May 2013 to contribute to the recovery of Sanriku area, the park is 220 km long. In the north, there are magnificent cliffs that have been praised as “Alps of the Sea.” In the south, complicated terrain forms an elegant ria coast.
36 環境省HP:http://www.env.go.jp/park/sanriku/index.html
![Page 38: Tsunami Damage and Recovery of the Sanriku …...Toni-cho, Kamaishi (After Showa Tsunami ) 22 Kojirahama Area, Toni-cho, Kamaishi April 27, 2005, before Tsunami March 14, 2011,](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022041022/5ed2ce179c9561486123345d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Thank you for Attention!
Children and Students of Otsuchi town at Otsuchi ARIGATO Rock Festival, July 28, 2013