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Treated
Untreated
Wheat Weed Control
2011/2012
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Broadleaf Weeds
Great options exists, growers just need to be timely!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Controlling Most GA Broadleaf Weed Infestations
1. Harmony fb MCPA or 2,4-D
2. Harmony TS + MCPA or 2,4-D
Express TS + MCPA or 2,4-D
3. 2,4-D alone
4. MCPA alone
5. Harmony Extra alone
Most effective program
Least effective program
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Harmony Extra EP with TotalSol Rate: 0.45 to 0.9 oz
Timing: 2-leaf until flag leaf visible
Adjuvant: 0.25% NIS in water
0.125% NIS in nitrogen
Weeds: Controls garlic and most broadleaf weeds
Need Help: wild radish >1.5”, primrose, and vetch
Rotations: No restrictions of concern
Grains: Wheat, barley, oats
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2,4-D Rate: 1 to 1.25 pt/A
Timing: fully tillered wheat, before jointing
Adjuvant: none needed
Weeds: controls primrose and radish, weak on henbit, chickweed, and knawel
Needs Help: henit, chickweed and knawel
Rotations: No restrictions of concern
Grains: Wheat, barley, oats, rye
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Express or Harmony TotalSol + MCPA
Express rate: 0.25 to 0.5 oz
Harmony rate: 0.45 to 0.9 oz
MCPA 4L rate: 12-16 fl oz (16-20 oz if fully tillered grain)
Timing: at least two tillers, before jointing
Adjuvant: 0.125% surfactant
Weeds: most broadleaf weeds
Rotations: No restrictions of concern
Grains: Wheat, barley, oats,
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The Effect of Stage of Growth on Wild Radish Control in Wheat.
Herbicides 0-4 inches 4-8 inches 8-12 inches Bolt/Flower
2,4-D >95%2 >90% >80% <65%
MCPA >95% >90% >70% <55%
Harmony E. >80% >75% 50% <40%
Express or Harmony + MCPA
>95% >90% >80% <65%
Osprey >95% 80-90% 60-80% <50%
PowerFlex >95% >90% 75-90% <65%
1Wild radish size in diameter of leaf rosette.2Percent control as compared to untreated areas.
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Ryegrass Control in Wheat
• Numerous options:
Axial, Hoelon, Osprey, PowerFlex
ACY 9-04
IF YOU DON’T HAVE RESISTANCE
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Ryegrass Control in Wheat
• Numerous options:Axial and Hoelon have same mode of action
Osprey and PowerFlex have same mode of action
ACY 9-04
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Proper Timing of POST Materials
• Timeliness is critical !!!
• With normal planting date, generally
best to apply before Christmas
ACY 9-04
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Italian ryegrass control. Plains, 2010.
0
20
40
60
80
100
% la
te c
ontr
ol
Axial XL
Hoelon
Osprey
PowerFlex
99 a
98 a
98 a
ACY 9-04
Planted wheat on Nov 17 and treated December 22 prior to tillering
95 a
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Italian ryegrass control. Plains, 2010.
0
20
40
60
80
100
% la
te c
ontr
ol
Axial XL
Hoelon
Osprey
PowerFlex
95 a
95 a
95 a
ACY 9-04
Planted wheat on Nov 17 and treated Jan 19, 2 tiller ryegrass
88 b
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Hoelon Rate for POST on Wheat
Ryegrass pt/acre
1- to 3 leaf 1.33
3- to 4-leaf 1.33 to 2
5-leaf, 2 tillers 2 to 2.67
Hoelon at 2 pt/A on pre-tillering ryegrass is ideal!!!!!
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Axial XL (0.42 EC)
Rate: 16.4 fl oz
Timing: Ideally pre-tiller ryegrass
Weeds: ryegrass only
Rotate modes of action, resistance is a huge issue!
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Osprey
Rate: 4.75 oz/A
Timing: Ideally pre-tiller ryegrass
Adjuvant: NIS at 0.5% v/v plus ammonium nitrogen fertilizer at 1-2 qt/A
Weeds: ryegrass, small radish,
henbit and chickweed at 1”
Rotation: 3 mo soybean or cotton
Do not apply within 14 d of topdressing
Rotate modes of action, resistance is a huge issue!
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Late-season ryegrass control by Osprey as affected by adjuvants.
Avg. six locations, NC, 2002-2004.
0
20
40
60
80
100
%
No adjuvantNISMSONIS + UAN
93
63
30
96
ACY 9-04
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PowerFlex
Rate: 3.5 oz/A
Timing: Ideally pre-tiller ryegrass
Adjuvant: COC at 1% v/v
Weeds: ryegrass, radish
Rotation: soybean and cotton 3 month
Rotate modes of action, resistance is a huge issue!
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YOU WANT TO KEEP GROWING WHEAT??????
• NEVER TREAT THE SAME GROUND WITH OSPREY OR POWERFLEX 2 YEARS IN A ROW
• NEVER TREAT THE SAME GROUND WITH HOELON OR AXIAL XL 2 YEARS IN A ROW
• Ryegrass resistance will likely occur within 3 years if you do not follow these guidelines!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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GA Confirmed ALS-Resistant Palmer Sites2010 Georgia counties confirmed with Hoelon/Osprey/PowerFlex resistant ryegrass.
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Annual Ryegrass Response to 4X Field Use Rates. Greenhouse. Tifton, GA. 2008-2009.
0
20
40
60
80
100
Hoelon Osprey PowerFlex Axial XL
Wash. Co. Burke Co. Macon 1 Macon 2 Macon 3
Control
% c
ontr
ol
HISTORY: Hoelon till it stopped working then Osprey at least one time per year since available.
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Newton 111/29/2011
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Non-treated control Hoelon 2X rate
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Non-treated control PowerFlex 3X rate or
Osprey at 3X rate
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Non-treated control Axial XL 2X rate
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Non-treated control Future Product
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• FAIR residual control of ryegrass
• Must apply to wheat from 1st leaf stage until before flag leaf.
• May mix with any currently labeled wheat herbicide.
Prowl H20 Labeled For Wheat
Will help on resistance!!!!
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•Spike application to wheat (pray the ryegrass is not up before product is activated)
• Generally 6 to 8 oz/A
• Excellent broadleaf control
• Ryegrass control is either good or very poor depending on when it emerges
• Only option for some growers due to resistance
• Injury can be significant if very heavy rains and cold conditions occur after application
Axiom Labeled For Wheat
Will help on resistance!!!!
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• Working on rates and application timings.
• Unbelievable ryegrass control IF injury potential does not require rates reduced to far?
• Likely economical for wheat producers.
• Label possible for 2012/2013 (limit use).
• Injury can be significant if very heavy rains and cold conditions occur within 10 day of application.
Zidua for wheat?
Excellent resistant management tool when rotated with POST ryegrass materials!!
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•Osprey is excellent; Axiom is fair/good!
Annual bluegrass